1. Obchodní akademie, Ostrava-Poruba, příspěvková organizace Vzdělávací materiál/DUM VY_32-INOVACE_05C/10 Great Britain / Scotland Autor Mgr. Jana Kondeková Období vytvoření srpen 2013 Ročník/věková kategorie 4. ročník / 18-19 let Vyučovací předmět/klíčová slova Great Britain /Scotland Anotace Práce slouží k procvičení reálií s tématikou Great Britain jako příprava k maturitní zkoušce.

2. Great Britain Part Ten Scotland

3. Geography Country Facts History The Name Scotland The National Flag of Scotland Sir Sean Connery Sir Arthur Conan Doyle Sir Arthur Conan Doyle – Novels and Short Stories Anne Lennox Famous People of Scotland Edinburgh- The Capital of Scotland Major Cities of Scotland Economy Traditional Scottish Food

4. Scotland – The Capital Edinburgh Map of Scotland. http://www.lonelyplanet.com/maps/europe/scotland/ http://www.lonelyplanet.com/maps/europe/scotland/ (accessed Aug 14, 2013).

5. Geography The geography of Scotland is highly varied, from rural lowlands to barren uplands, and from large cities to uninhabited islands. Located in Northern Europe, Scotland comprises the northern one third of the island of Great Britain as well as 790 surrounding islands including the Shetland Islands, Orkney Islands and the Inner and Outer Hebrides. Scotland is the second largest country in the United Kingdom of Great Britain. Scotland's only land border is with England. The Atlantic Ocean influences the temperate, maritime climate of the country.

6. Geography The land may be divided into three regions: the Highlands in the north, the Central Lowlands and the Southern Uplands. The Highlands are wild and picturesque. The valleys are usually steep-sided glens, with a long, narrow loch at the bottom. A long valley called Glenmore crosses the Highlands from southwest to northeast. The Caledonian Canal links this valley's lochs to form a waterway from the Firth of Lorne to Moray Firth.

7. Geography South of the Highlands are the Grampian Mountains, highest in the British Isles. Ben Nevis, the tallest peak, rises to 4,406 feet (1,343 metres). Ben Lomond, at 3,192 feet (973 metres), rises from the shore of Loch Lomond, Scotland's largest freshwater loch. The Central Lowlands run from southwest to northeast, and the greatest length is nearly 90 miles (145 kilometres). The soil is fertile. Here is Scotland's chief farming district and also its largest cities.

8. Geography In the east there is Edinburgh, Scotland's historic capital. In the west there is Glasgow, hub of a great metropolitan area. Almost 90 percent of Scotland's population live in the Lowlands. In the Southern Uplands the hills are generally less than 2,000 feet (600 metres) high. Their rounded or flat tops are often capped with dark peat,

9. Geography The slopes are covered with grass as well as heather. Along this border England and Scotland meet. In the west the boundary runs from the Solway Firth across the crest of the Cheviot Hills. In the east it follows the River Tweed almost to its mouth. The Tweed Valley is the chief gateway into England..

10. Shetland Islands Shetland shines as 2011's Best in Travel. http://www.lonelyplanet.com/scotland/travel-tips-and- articles/76168 http://www.lonelyplanet.com/scotland/travel-tips-and- articles/76168 (accessed Aug 14, 2013).

11. Orkney Islands Orkney Islands Posters. http://www.fife.50megs.com/orkney- islands-posters.html http://www.fife.50megs.com/orkney- islands-posters.html (accessed Aug 14, 2013).

12. Grampian Mountains Grampian Mountains. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grampian_Mountains http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grampian_Mountains (accessed Aug 14, 2013).

13. Country Facts Scotland is Famous for.... Its fresh water lochs – there are over 600 square miles of them. One of the most famous is Loch Ness where a mysterious monster is said to lurk in the depths of the water. Its clans, kilts, medieval castles, as well as poetry and songs of Robert Burns. Theatre lovers from around the world come to Edinburgh for its famous theatres festival. Edinburgh was the first city in the world which had its own fire-brigade.

14. Country Facts Motto: Nemo me impune lacessit (No one provokes me with impunity) Flag: Cross of St Andrew National Day: 30 November Population: 5,054,800 Area: 78,789 sq km Capital City: Edinburgh Major Cities: Aberdeen, Dundee, Glasgow Official Language: English (Scottish Gaelic is spoken by 1.4 percent of the population).

15. Country Facts Nationality: Scottish and British Anthem (song): Flower of Scotland Main religions: Church of Scotland (Presbyterian) Scottish Episcopal Church, Roman Catholicism Currency: Pound Sterling (£) Highest point: (1,344 m Ben Nevis) Lowest point: Bed of Loch Morar, Scotland 987 ft (300 m) below sea level Longest river: Tay 193 kilometres (120 miles) long Largest Lake: Loch Lomond (60 sq km) 40 km (24 miles) long

16. Loch Lomond Images Pictures Loch Lomond. http://www.loch- lomond.net/theloch/lochimgvol1.aspx http://www.loch- lomond.net/theloch/lochimgvol1.aspx (accessed Aug 14, 2013).

17. Ben Nevis Ben Nevis. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben_Nevis http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben_Nevis (accessed Aug 14, 2013).

18. History Scotland was first settled after the end of the last glacial period about 10,000 years ago. The recorded history of Scotland begins with the arrival of the Roman Empire in the 1st century. The Gaelic kingdom of Dál Riata was founded on the west coast of Scotland in the 6th century. In the 9th century, the Kingdom of Scotland was formed. The Kingdom of Scotland was united under the descendants of Kenneth MacAlpin, first king of a united Scotland.

19. History In 1298 Scots were defeated by Edward I of England at the Battle of Falkirk. William Wallace was executed in London in 1305. In 1306 Robert the Bruce was crowned King of Scotland. Robert the Bruce defeats the English and gains ( získává ) Scottish independence in 1314. In 1561 Mary Queen of Scots returns to Scotland from France. In 1568Mary Queen of Scots flees ( prchá ) to England and is imprisoned by Elizabeth I. Her baby son becomes James VI of Scotland. In 1603 the son of Mary Queen of Scots, James VI of Scotland, becomes James I of England when Queen Elizabeth I dies. The English and Scottish crowns were united in 1603 and their parliaments in 1707.

20. History During the Scottish Enlightenment and Industrial Revolution, Scotland became one of the commercial, intellectual and industrial powerhouses of Europe. Its industrial decline following the Second World War was particularly acute, but in recent decades the country has enjoyed something of a cultural and economic renaissance.

21. Kenneth MacAlpin According to national myth, he was the first king of Scots. Reign841 or 843 – 858 or 859 Kenneth MacAlpin. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenneth_MacAlpinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenneth_MacAlpin (accessed Aug 14, 2013).

22. William Wallace (1272 – 1305) William Wallace battled against the English with its famous swords (meče). Sir William Wallacer. http://www.electricscotland.com/history/articles/william_wallace.htm http://www.electricscotland.com/history/articles/william_wallace.htm (accessed Aug 14, 2013)

23. The Name Scotland The name of Scotland is derived from the Latin Scoti, the term applied to Gaels. The origin of the word Scoti (or Scotti) is uncertain. It is found in Latin texts from the fourth century describing a tribe which sailed from Ireland to raid Roman Britain. The Late Latin word Scotia (land of the Scot(t)i) was used to refer to Scotland north of the river Forth. In a modern political context, the word Scot is applied equally to all inhabitants of Scotland.

24. The National Flag of Scotland Flag of Scotland. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flag_of_Scotlandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flag_of_Scotland (accessed Aug 14, 2013).

25. The National Flag of Scotland The Flag of Scotland also known as Saint Andrew's Cross or the Saltire, is the national flag of Scotland. It dates (at least in legend) from the 9th century, and is thus the oldest national flag still in use. The Saltire now also forms part of the design of the Union Flag. The Saltire, Scotland’s national flag is thought to be the oldest national flag in Europe. The colors on the Scottish flag represent the following: White - peace and honesty. Blue – vigilance, truth and loyalty, perseverance & justice.

26. Saint Andrew The Scottish people adopted St. Andrew Patron Saint of Scotland and his X-shaped cross (the Saltire) as their symbol. Saint Andrew is the patron saint of Fishermen, fishmongers, mariners, Army Rangers, rope makers, singers and performers. Saint Andrew. http://www.marypages.com/StAndrew.htm http://www.marypages.com/StAndrew.htm (accessed Aug 14, 2013).

27. Famous People of Scotland Famous Scots include: Walter Scott, Robert Louis Stevenson, Arthur Conan Doyle, David Hume and the actor Sean Connery. Famous musicians of Scotland include Annie Lennox, Wet Wet Wet, Travis and Simple Minds.

28. Sir Sean Connery Sir Thomas Sean Connery (born on 25 August 1930 ) is a Scottish actor and producer. He has won an Academy Award and three Golden Globes. Connery is best known for the character James Bond. His film career also includes such films as Marnie, The Name of the Rose, The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen, Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade, The Hunt for Red October,Highlander, Murder on the Orient Express, Dragonheart, and The Rock. He was knighted in July 2000.

29. Sir Sean Connery Sir Sean Connery backs the fight to save Byre Theatre. http://www.thecourier.co.uk/news/local/fife/sir-sean-connery-backs-the-fight-to- save-byre-theatre-1.67193 (accessed Aug 14, 2013). http://www.thecourier.co.uk/news/local/fife/sir-sean-connery-backs-the-fight-to- save-byre-theatre-1.67193

30. Sir Arthur Conan Doyle Sir Arthur Ignatius Conan Doyle (22 May 1859 – 7 July 1930) was a Scottish physician and writer who is most famous for his fictional stories about the detective Sherlock Holmes. He is also known for writing the fictional adventures of a second character he invented,Professor Challenger. Traditionally, the canon of Sherlock Holmes consists of the 56 short stories and four novels written by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle on-fiction, and historical novels.

31. Sir Arthur Conan Doyle - Novels and Short Stories Here is the list of the four novels of the canon: A Study in Scarlet (published 1887) The Sign of the Four (published 1890) The Hound of the Baskervilles (serialised 1901–1902 in The Strand) The Valley of Fear (serialised 1914–1915) The 56 short stories are collected in five books: The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes (published 1892) The Memoirs of Sherlock Holmes (published 1894) The Return of Sherlock Holmes (published 1905) His Last Bow (published 1917) The Case-Book of Sherlock Holmes (published 1927

32. Sir Arthur Conan Doyle Arthur Conan Doyle. http://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Conan_Doylehttp://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Conan_Doyle (accessed Aug 14, 2013).

33. Annie Lennox Ann "Annie" Lennox (born on 25 December 1954) is a Scottish singer-songwriter, political activist and philanthropist. After achieving minor success in the late 1970s as part of the New Wave band The Tourists, she and fellow musician David A. Stewart went on to achieve major international success in the 1980s as Eurythmics. Lennox is the most recognised female artist at the Brit Awards, winning a total of eight awards. She has also been named the "Brits Champion of Champions"

34. Annie Lennox Annie Lennox discography. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annie_Lennox_discography (accessed Aug 14, 2013). http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annie_Lennox_discography

35. Edinburgh- The Capital of Scotland Edinburgh is the capital city of Scotland, situated on the southern shore of the Firth of Forth. With a population of 495,360 in 2011 is the largest settlement in Lothian (the settlement in Lothian is the Scottish capital, Edinburgh, towns include Livingston, Linlithgow, Bathgate and Dunbar) and lies at the centre of a larger urban zone of approximately 850,000 people. While the town originally formed on the ridge descending from the Castle Rock, the modern city is often said to be built on seven hills.

36. Edinburgh- The Capital of Scotland These institutions help provide a highly educated population and a dynamic economy. Edinburgh has the UK's strongest economy outside London and was named European Best Large City of the Future for Foreign Direct Investment by fDi Magazine in 2012/13. Each August the city hosts the biggest annual international arts festival in the world. This includes the Edinburgh International Festival, Edinburgh Festival Fringe and theEdinburgh International Book Festival.

37. Edinburgh Castle Edinburg Castle. http://wallpaper-download.net/travel-wallpapers/edinburgh- castle-wallpaper (accessed Aug 14, 2013).http://wallpaper-download.net/travel-wallpapers/edinburgh- castle-wallpaper

38. Major Cities of Scotland Glasgow is the largest city in Scotland and the third largest in the United Kingdom. It is situated on the River Clyde in the country's West Central Lowlands. It became a major centre of the Scottish Enlightenment in the 18th century. From the 18th century the city also grew as one of Great Britain's main hubs ( střediska ) of transatlantic trade with North America and the West Indies. Glasgow is known as the "Second City of the British Empire"

39. Major Cities of Scotland Aberdeen is Scotland´s third most populous city with an official population estimate of 220,420. The city has a long, sandy coastline. Since the discovery of North Sea oil in the 1970s, other nicknames have been the Oil Capital of Europe or the Energy Capital of Europe. The area around Aberdeen has been settled since at least 8,000 years ago, when prehistoric villages lay around the mouths of the rivers Dee and Don.

40. Major Cities in Scotland Dundee officially the City of Dundee with population of 156,561 in 2012 is the fourth-largest city in Scotland. It lies within the eastern central Lowlands on the north bank of the Firth of Tay. Biomedical and technological industries have arrived since the 1980s, and the city now accounts for 10% of the United Kingdom's digital-entertainment industry. Dundee has two universities—the University of Dundee and the University of Abertay Dundee.

41. Glasgow Glasgow. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glasgow (accessed Aug 14, 2013)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glasgow

42. Aberdeen http://www.scotlandvacations.comhttp://www.scotlandvacations.com (accessed Aug 14, 2013)

43. Dundee Dundee Bed & Breakfast. http://www.bedandbreakfastdir.co.uk/uk/dundee.phphttp://www.bedandbreakfastdir.co.uk/uk/dundee.php (accessed Aug 14, 2013).

44. Economy Scotland was one of the industrial powerhouses of Europe from the time of the Industrial Revolution. It was a world leader in manufacturing. This has left a legacy in the diversity of goods and services which the Scottish economy produces today, from textiles, whisky and shortbread to jet engines, buses,computer, software, ships, avionics and microelectronics to banki ng, insurance,investment management and other related financial services.

45. Traditional Scottish Food Finnan Haddie Finnan Haddie is smoked haddock ( uzená treska ) which originated in the Aberdeen fishing village of Findon. Bridie A bridie or Forfar bridie is a Scottish type of meat pastry or pie, originally from the town of Forfar.

46. Traditional Scottish Food Aberdeen Rowie BBC News. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/scotland/north_east/4938868.stm http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/scotland/north_east/4938868.stm (accessed Aug 14, 2013).

47. Finnan Haddie Finnan Haddie Recipes Finnan Haddie Recipes. http://cooking.lovetoknow.com/finnan-haddie-recipeshttp://cooking.lovetoknow.com/finnan-haddie-recipes (accessed Aug 14, 2013).

48. Biography BRENDLOVÁ, S. Basic Facts on English-Speaking Countries. Fraus, 1996. ISBN 8085784874. SHEERIN, S. Spotlight on Britain. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1990. ISBN 0194327884. VESELÝ, K. The English Speaking Countries. SPN, 1983.

49. The End of Part Ten Thank You for Your Attention. Mgr. Jana Kondeková jana.kondekova@oa-poruba.cz