1. The End of Reconstruction & The Start of Jim Crow Laws
Unit 3
USII 3b & 4c

2. Videos
Who was Jim Crow
Plessy v Fergusson

3. The End of Reconstruction
Ended in 1877 because of a compromise over the outcome of the 1876 election.
People were tired of Grant-era corruption so political parties nominated candidates with a record of reform
Democrats- Tilden
Republicans-Hayes
Tilden won popular vote but was one vote short of the needed electoral votes

4. The End of Reconstruction
4 states were undecided Oregon chose Hayes but Louisiana, South Carolina & Florida each sent two electoral votes to Washington one for each candidate.
This made the Federal government decide the election.
Electoral Commission established 7 Republicans from Congress , 7 Democrats from the Senate & 1 Republican Supreme Court Justice

5. The End of Reconstruction
Republicans WIN! Hayes is President
Democrats were mad!
Compromise reached to make Democrats happier
Hayes will serve only 1 terms (four years)
Democrats have say in cabinet appointments
RECONSTRUCTION ENDS IN THE SOUTH
Federal Troops removed from the South
What does this mean for former Slaves?

6. Jim Crow Laws
Lasted from 1877 to 1960’s in the South and border states
Whites believed God supported racial segregation, Whites were the chosen people, & Blacks were supposed to be slaves

7. Jim Crow Laws Racial Segregation
Based on race (color of skin)
Directed primarily against African Americans but others were also segregated
American Indians were not considered citizens until 1924

8. Jim Crow Laws Laws passed to discriminate against African Americans
Made discrimination legal in many communities and states
African Americans faced unequal opportunities in housing, work, education and government.

9. Jim Crow Laws Black men could not shake hands with White men.
Blacks & Whites were not allowed to eat together
Black men could not light a cigarette for a White woman
Blacks could not show affection to one another in public
African-Americans separated from white people in public places: restaurants, schools, parks, store entrances, water fountains, bus stops, etc.
Black and White marriages were illegal

10. Jim Crow Laws
Blacks were introduced to Whites but never Whites introduced to Blacks
Blacks were called by their first name but Whites had to be addressed as Mr., Mrs., Ms., Sir, or Ma’am.
If a black person rode in a car with a White person they had to ride in the back seat or in the back of the truck
White motorists had the right of way at all intersections

11. Jim Crow Laws African Americans allowed to vote IF:
They paid a high poll tax
Could pass a literacy test
Lynching was used to discouraged blacks from voting
Beatings and Cross burnings were also used to terrorize African Americans

12. African American Responses to Jim Crow Laws
Booker T. Washington
Believed equality could be achieved through vocational education (crafts & industrial skills)
He accepted social segregation
Born a slave
At 9 worked in salt furnace and coal mine
Attended Hampton Normal & Agricultural Institute in VA (black institution of higher learning)
Founded Tuskegee Institute
Encouraged blacks to give up the fight for equal rights and become educated.

13. African American Responses to Jim Crow Laws
W.E.B. DuBois
Believed in full political, civil and social rights for African Americans
Born a free man
Attended Fisk University (black institution of higher learning)
Formed the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)
Believed agitation and protests to get their rights

14. Compare and Contrast
Black Schools
White Schools

15. Student Activity Complete a Venn Diagram on the following two men.
W.E.B. DuBois
Believed in full political, civil and social rights for African Americans
Born a free man
Attended Fisk University (black institution of higher learning)
Formed the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)
Believed agitation and protests to get their rights
Taught School
Attended school as a child
Booker T. Washington
Believed equality could be achieved through vocational education (crafts & industrial skills)
He accepted social segregation
Born a slave
At 9 worked in salt furnace and coal mine
Attended Hampton Normal & Agricultural Institute in VA (black institution of higher learning)
Taught school
Founded Tuskegee Institute
Encouraged blacks to give up the fight for equal rights and become educated.