1. OSHA Standard (29 CFR 1910.1030) Blood-borne Pathogens
Facilities Management
By: Chaizong Lor, Safety Coordinator

2. Bloodborne Pathogens Training Objectives:
What are Blood-borne Pathogens
Types of Blood-borne Pathogens
Compliance Control Methods
Summary

3. Bloodborne Pathogens What are bloodborne pathogens? Micro-Organism:
Hepatitis B (HBV)
Hepatitis C (HCV)
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
Substances that are carried by the blood or other body fluids and cause illness or injury to the body
Virus and bacteria are pathogens and many are “Bloodborne”

4. Types of Bloodborne Pathogens
Include:
Execution
Hepatitis:
A, B, C, D, E
Viruses or bacteria
that are carried in blood
and cause disease in
People.
Human
Immunodeficiency
Virus (HIV)
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
viruses or bacteria that are carried in blood and cause disease in people.
Malaria
Brucellosis
Syphilis

5. Bloodborne Pathogens Types of Hepatitis Hepatitis
An inflammation of the liver usually caused by drugs, toxins, autoimmune disease, or infectious agents.
Types of Hepatitis
Hepatitis A E C B D
Potentially life threatening blood borne pathogen.
Potential
for carriers
to pass disease to others.
Effects can be both acute and chronic.

6. Bloodborne Pathogens HCV HBV
The most commonly concerned of Hepatitis are:
HIV
May develop
AIDS
HCV
HBV
HBV is more easily
transmitted and
affects the liver
HCV is the
leading cause of
liver transplants
OSHA is also concerned about another bloodborne pathogen that is more common than the AIDS virus. That is the Hepatitis B virus (HBV). Hepatitis B affects the liver, and can be fatal in a small number of cases.
most commonly concerned about in the U.S. are Hepatitis B (HBV), Hepatitis C (HCV), and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV).
It is usually a
fatal illness

7. Bloodborne Pathogens Hepatitis A (HAV)
Transmitted via contaminated food or water which contains fecal matter containing the virus. There is a vaccine to prevent HAV.
Two Types of HAV:
Infectious (transmitted person to person by the fecal-oral route) or
Serum (transmitted by transfusion of blood products).
HAV- May not have symptom

8. Bloodborne Pathogens Hepatitis B (HBV)
Transmitted by injections transporting a virus-bearing serum, most often during blood transfusions and by contaminated needles and syringes.
Transmitted primarily through “Blood to Blood” contact.
Very durable, and it can survive in dried blood for up to seven days.
This virus is the primary concern for housekeepers, custodians, laundry personnel and other employees who may come in contact with blood or potentially infectious materials in a non first-aid or medical care situation.

9. Bloodborne Pathogens Hepatitis B (HBV) Cont. Symptoms of HBV
Mild flu-like symptoms
Fatigue
Yellow Eyes and Skin
Possible stomach pain
Loss of appetite
Fever and Vomiting
Nausea
Jaundice
Darkened Urine

10. Bloodborne Pathogens Hepatitis C (HCV)
Transmitted in blood or body fluids. No vaccination exists for HCV.
Chronic liver disease develops in about 70% of persons who become infected with HCV and nearly all (85%-100%) persons with acute HCV infection become persistently infected.
These persons are at risk for developing cirrhosis and liver cancer.

11. Bloodborne Pathogens Hepatitis D (HDV)
One of the newer types and it is transmitted primarily through injected drug use and sexual contact.
Prevention:
Education to reduce risk behaviors for those with chronic HBV infection.

12. Bloodborne Pathogens Hepatitis E (HEV)
Transmitted in contaminated drinking water.
Currently no treatment for HEV.
Symptoms of acute hepatitis E are similar to those of other types of viral hepatitis and include abdominal pain, anorexia, dark urine, fever, jaundice, malaise, nausea, and vomiting.

13. Bloodborne Pathogens Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
HIV is the virus associate with AIDS
There is no specific treatment for it
There is no cure
There is no preventative vaccine
HIV attacks the body immune’s system, weakening it so that it cannot fight other deadly disease.
HIV is very fragile and will not survive very long outside of the human body.

14. Bloodborne Pathogens HIV Cont.
Symptoms of HIV infection can vary, but often include:
Weakness
Fever
Sore throat
Nausea
Headaches
Diarrhea
White coating on the tongue
Weight loss
Swollen lymph glands

15. Bloodborne Pathogens Brucellosis
An infectious disease caused by the bacteria of the genus Brucella.
These bacteria are primarily passed among animals, and they cause disease in many different vertebrates.
Commonly transmitted to susceptible animals by direct contact with infected animals or with an environment that has been contaminated with discharges from infected animals.

16. Bloodborne Pathogens Syphilis
A Sexually Transmitted Disease (STD) caused by a bacteria
It can also pass through broken skin on other parts of the body
Signs of Syphilis include:
Chancres" ("shan-ker"), or sores.
Skin rash.
Mild fever.
Feeling very tired.
Headache.
Sore throat.
Hair loss.

17. Bloodborne Pathogens Malaria
Mosquito bites an infected person, it ingests microscopic malaria parasites found in the person’s blood.
Malaria parasite must grow in the mosquito for a week or more before infection can be passed to another person
Symptoms of malaria include:
Fever and flu-like illness, including shaking chills, headache, muscle aches, and tiredness.
Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea may also occur.

18. Potential Transmission
Bloodborne Pathogens may also transmitted by:
Contact between broken or damaged skin and infected body fluids.
Contact between Mucous Membranes and infected body fluids.
Example: Eyes, Nose, and Mouth
Anytime there is blood to blood contact with infected blood or body fluids, there is a slight potential for transmission.
Accidental puncture from contaminated needles, broken glass, or other sharps is potentially how transmission could occur for custodial employees.

19. Compliance Control Methods
Personal Protective
Equipment
Universal Precaution
Personal
Hygiene
Work Practice
Controls

20. Compliance Control Methods
Universal
Precaution
All human blood and certain human bodily fluids are treated as known to be infectious for HIV, HBV, and other BBPs.
Treat all blood and bodily as if they are contaminated.
All body fluids must be considered as potentially infectious materials.
Proper cleanup and decontamination
Always wear appropriate PPE
Replace PPE that is torn or punctured
Remove PPE before leaving the work area
Precaution
All human blood and certain human bodily fluids are treated as known to be infectious for HIV, HBV, and other BBPs.

21. Compliance Control Methods
PPE Controls
PPE must be used to prevent potentially infectious materials from coming in contact with work clothes, street clothes, undergarments, skin or mucous membranes.
Employees must wear gloves when there is potential contact with blood, potentially infectious materials, mucous membranes or broken skin.
Remove gloves promptly after use, and before touching non-contaminated items and environmental surfaces.
Change gloves between tasks and procedures on the same patient and after contact with material that may contain a high concentration of germs.
Change gloves if they become damaged or torn.
Wash hands or use alcohol gel immediately after removing gloves.
Always change gloves between patients.

22. Compliance Control Methods
Safe Work Practice Controls
Remove contaminated PPE or clothing as soon as possible
Clean and disinfect contaminated equipment and work surfaces
Thoroughly wash up immediately after exposure
Properly dispose of contaminated items, including
contaminated PPE
I. Speaker’s Notes:
These are some commonsense safe work practices that will help prevent exposure.
Remove contaminated clothing or PPE as soon as possible. If blood were to splash onto your shoes, pants, skirt, or shirt, remove those items as soon as possible. Wash your skin in the area underneath the clothing that was contaminated with the bodily fluid. Remove contaminated PPE, such as gloves, as soon as you are finished administering first aid or decontaminating equipment or work surfaces.
Cleaning and disinfecting tools, work surfaces, or equipment will prevent the next user from unknowingly coming into contact with potentially infected bodily fluids.
Thoroughly wash your hands, face, and any other areas of your skin that may have come into contact with bodily fluids. If you believe that blood or other potentially contaminated bodily fluid was splashed into your eyes, go to an emergency eyewash station immediately and flush your eyes.
Properly disposing of contaminated items in appropriately labeled bags or containers will help prevent someone from accidentally being exposed.

23. Compliance Control Methods
Personal Hygiene
Do not touch anything that is contaminated, such as sharps or body fluids.
Take care to minimize splashing of all infectious materials.
Eating, drinking, smoking, applying cosmetics or lip balm, and handling contact lenses are prohibited in areas where there is a potential for occupational exposure.
Don’t take food and drink in work areas.
 Take care to minimize splashing of all materials.
 Cover any open cuts, scrapes, rashes and broken skin.
 Don’t touch anything that’s contaminated, such as sharps or body fluids.

24. Compliance Control Methods
Personal Hygiene Cont.
Use CDC guidelines for hand hygiene:
If hands are not visibly soiled, use alcohol gel.
When hands are visibly soiled, wash hands with soap and water.
Always wash your hands before eating and after using the restroom.

25. Bloodborne Pathogens Summary Always know what you are working with.
Always wear appropriate Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) when handling any type of bodily fluid.
Always wash your hands after handling any type of bodily fluid, even when wearing gloves.
Do not handle sharps or broken glass with your hands and without protection.
Properly dispose of pathogen waste, including PPE.
Always report all suspected exposures.

26. ?? Any Questions (http://www.uwec.edu/facmgt/safety/traininglist.htm)
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Revision Dated: September 29th, 2014