1. The New England Colonies

2. The Pilgrims of Plymouth 1620 arrive in Massachusetts 102 Separatists from England, Purest of the Puritans, led by William Bradford Wanted religious freedom (worship god in their own way) Wanted economic opportunity

3. The Mayflower Compact Agreement of Separatists to maintain order Majority rule of male church members Establishes the idea of “CONSENT of the GOVERNED”

4. Other Facts 1 st winter 44 of 102 people survive Squanto – taught Pilgrims where to fish, hunt and plant 1621 a Thanksgiving will be celebrated Sustained by, “The Beaver & the Bible” Never grow into a sizeable colony

5. Puritanism

6. Puritan Punishments The Ducking Stool The Stocks Branding Iron Whipping Post

7. Massachusetts Bay Puritans Religious group. Want to simplify church practices, moderate Puritans. Establish Massachusetts Bay Colony with a Charter from Charles I “Swine which rooted in God’s vineyard” Led by John Winthrop, governor for 30 years “A CITY UPON A HILL”

8. Who were they? Well organized group Over 1,000 people Farmers, blacksmiths, carpenters, 1630’s Great Migration swells their ranks to 30,000 plus in New England 40,000 will go to the West Indies

9. The Great Migration

10. Puritan Beliefs Salvations was granted by God Good behavior was the result of being saved Followers had a promise w/ God to lead a moral life Community should be modeled on the Bible Establish PUBLIC EDUCATION through the Massachusetts Law of 1647 Lasting legacy – Protestant Ethic, hard work = success

11. Religious Malcontents Roger Williams – minister from Salem At odds with Puritan doctrine Indians should be paid for their lands and forced conversion of Indians, “stinks in the nostrils of God” Government and church should be separate from each other Roger Williams

12. Williams and Rogues’ Island Faces trial for his beliefs Guilty, banished, then facing exile Escapes to Rhode Island, establishes Providence Has complete religious freedom No state supported churches Manhood suffrage Most liberal of all the colonies, “home of the otherwise like minded”

13. Anne Hutchinson Outspoken church critic Holds religious meetings in her home Predestination meant you didn’t need to obey God or man

14. Anne’s Crimes Challenging of Puritan ministers authority Covenant of Grace v. Covenant of Works Against slavery Questioned baptizing babies Questioned practice of communion

15. The Jezebel’s trial Labeled an outlaw, accused of heresy Defends self Claims a direct revelation from God Banished from Mass. Bay Settles in Rhode Island then Long Island Killed with her family in Long Island by Indians John Winthrop said her death was, “God’s Hand”

16. New England – People & Events Thomas Hooker – Puritan minister Founder of Connecticut The Fundamental Orders of 1639 First written constitution in North America Farming opportunities and seaport

18. Maine & New Hampshire Founded by fur trappers and fisherman Maine will be part of Massachusetts until 1820 New Hampshire will be made a separate colony by Charles II

19. Puritan and Indian Relations Indian population weakened by disease Wampanoag try to establish friendly relations – Squanto Quick expansion of Puritan settlements causes friction Culture clash over land

20. The Pequot War Connecticut River Valley English and Narragansett allied v. Pequots Pequot burned alive, shot or sold into slavery, “blotted out from under heaven” Mystic River Massacre

21. King Philip Algonquin sachem Aka Metacom Resists white encroachment attacks 52 Puritan towns destroying 12, hundreds killed Defeated, drawn, quartered Indian resistance in New England will end

22. The Iroquois Confederation “Our Indians Have Outdone the Romans” Total of six tribes located in Mohawk Valley of New York Dominate the fur trade Lasting impact on America: Battle Tactics Federal Union – with political and military leaders, Chiefs were viewed as servants of the people Women of the tribe picked male tribal leaders Noted for oratory skill, power of persausion

23. The New England Confederation Colonies of Mass. Bay, Plymouth, Conn. And New Haven unite for self defense against Indians, Dutch or French threats Address intercolonial issues such as: slavery indentured servants, expansion Each colony had two votes, another step to representative government Arises during a period of benign neglect or Salutary Neglect

24. New England Politics Structure – governor, legislature, town meetings to handle local affairs, property owners had a say in their taxes Dominion of New England – English attempt to control colonies, charters revoked, assemblies, enforcement of Navigation Acts led by Sir Edmund Andros Dominion ends with the Glorious Revolution “City Upon a Hill” also ends with rise of Anglican Church in Boston