1. First and Goal: Teamwork
Karen Jacobs, Ed.D., OTR/L, CPE, FAOTA Clinical Professor Program Director, Distance Education Post-professional Occupational Therapy Programs

2. Lost at Sea You are adrift on a private yacht in the South
Pacific. As a consequence of a fire of unknown origin,
much of the yacht and it contents have been
destroyed. The yacht is now slowly sinking. Your
location is unclear because of the destruction of
critical navigational equipment and because you &
the crew were distracted trying to bring the fire
under control. Your best estimate is that you are
approximately one thousand miles south-southwest
of the nearest land (Paul M. Nemiroff & William A. Pasmore)

3. Lost at Sea Sextant (tables & chronometer) Shaving mirror
Five-gallon can of water
Mosquito netting
One case of US Army C rations
Maps of the Pacific Ocean
Seat cushion (flotation device)
Two-gallon can of oil-gas mixture
Small transistor
Shark repellent
20 square feet of opaque plastic
One quart of 160-proof rum
15 feet of nylon rope
2 boxes of chocolate bars
Fishing kit
(Paul M. Nemiroff & William A. Pasmore)

4. Advantages of Working in Teams
Better & new ideas; decisions
Higher quality input
Involvement of everyone in the process
Increased ownership & buy-in
Widens the circle of communication
Increased learning & understanding
Sense of security
Personal relationships
Better end results
Framework for Action on Interprofessional Education & Collaborative Practice

5. Teams

6. Teams Interprofessional education Interprofessional practice
Collaboration

7. Framework for Action on Interprofessional Education & Collaborative Practice

8. AOTA’s Centennial Vision
“We envision that occupational therapy is
a powerful, widely recognized, science
driven, and evidence- based profession
with a globally connected and diverse
workforce meeting society’s occupational
needs.”

9. Team
“…is a group of people who are mutually dependent on one another to achieve a common goal.”
Source: The Pfeiffer Book of Successful Team-Building Tools

10. Team Development Model
Interpersonal Relationships
Rubin, Plovnick, and Fry, Task Oriented Team Development, 1975.

11. Interpersonal Relationships
These are important! Take the time to get to know one another.
But remember:
When team members can't get along it is usually because of unresolved issues regarding goals, roles, & procedures.
Team members don't have to be friends or even like each other to work well together.

12. Team Development Model
Interpersonal Relationships
Procedures
Rubin, Plovnick, and Fry, Task Oriented Team Development, 1975.

13. Procedures Aim at consistent preparation and attendance.
Plan on more multimedia communication (Wiki, Skype, ).
Give more than “feedback;” focus on perspectives and new ideas.
Focus on the solutions, not the problems.
You will need to develop these as a team:
Aim at consistent preparation and attendance.
Plan on more than multimedia (Skype, ) communication.
Give more than “feedback;” focus on perspectives and new ideas.
Focus on the solutions, not the problems.

14. Team Development Model
Interpersonal Relationships
Procedures
Roles
Rubin, Plovnick, and Fry, Task Oriented Team Development, 1975.

15. Roles
Formal leader
Timekeeper
Note-taker
Discussion leader
Clarifier

16. Team Development Model
Interpersonal Relationships
Procedures
Roles
Goals
Rubin, Plovnick, and Fry, Task Oriented Team Development, 1975.

17. Both team and individual goals are important!
Should be:
Specific
Measurable
Stated in concrete terms
Challenging and urgent

18. Interprofessional education
Interprofessional education occurs
when students from two or more
professions learn about, from and
with each other to enable effective
collaboration and improve health
outcomes.
collaborative practice-ready
Framework for Action on Interprofessional Education & Collaborative Practice

19. Interprofessional education
“... is an opportunity to not only change the
way that we think about educating future
health workers, but is an opportunity to step
back and reconsider the traditional means of
healthcare delivery. I think that what we’re
talking about is not just a change in
educational practices, but a change in the
culture of medicine and health-care.”
Student Leader, WHO
Framework for Action on Interprofessional Education & Collaborative Practice

20. Interprofessional education & collaborative practice
“…can positively contribute to some
of the world’s most urgent health
challenges.”
Framework for Action on Interprofessional Education & Collaborative Practice

21. Interprofessional collaboration
is a key factor in initiatives designed to increase the effectiveness of health services currently offered to the public
Shaw, Walker & Hogue, 2008

22. Mechanisms Use supportive management practices
Identify and support champions
Update, renew, and revise existing curricula
Support appropriate legislation that eliminates barriers to collaborative practice
Framework for Action on Interprofessional Education & Collaborative Practice

24. Collaborative practice
Access to and coordination of health-services
Appropriate use of professional resources
Health outcomes for people with chronic diseases
Client care and safety
Imroves Access to and coordination of health-services
Appropriate use of professional resources
Health outcomes for people with chronic diseases
Client care and safety
Framework for Action on Interprofessional Education & Collaborative Practice

25. Collaborative practice
Total client complications
Length of hospital stay
Tension and conflict among caregivers
Staff turnover
Hospital admissions
Clinical error rates
Mortality rates
Decrease
Total client complications
Length of hospital stay
Tension and conflict among caregivers
Staff turnover
Hospital admissions
Clinical error rates
Mortality rates
Framework for Action on Interprofessional Education & Collaborative Practice

26. Champions Betsey Gray, MSW, LICSW & Nancy MacRae, MS, OTR/L, FAOTA
Lindsay Eales, BScOT(c)
Terry Olivas De la O, COTA
OT4OT
Captain Erik Johnson, MS, OTR/L

27. Champions #1
Betsey Gray, MSW, LICSW, Clinical Associate Professor, School of Social Work
Nancy MacRae, MS, OTR/L, FAOTA, Associate Professor, Occupational Therapy Department

28. The Strategies to Nurture Aging People (SNAP)
Establish a sustainable interprofessional academic-community program for independently living seniors
Shared by Nancy MacRae

29. Student Program Objectives
Interprofessional education
One’s own profession & know how to explain it to others
Basic health literacy needs
Group development & dynamics
Leadership/responsibilities
Shared by Nancy MacRae

30. Student Comment
“We really listened to each other’s concerns and tried to make it work – so that every one was satisfied with the final outcome. I have learned a ton about myself and myself as a member of a group, as well as the dynamics of group work. I have noticed after being a part of other interdisciplinary teams that every group is unique in their own way and I am interested to see how this group will form”.
Shared by Nancy MacRae

31. Champions #2 Shared by Lindsay Eales, BScOT(c)
Developed over the past three years, iDANCE offers dance technique classes and performance opportunities for all individuals.
iDANCE runs technique classes for the summer season, and a performance group during the winter season.
Harmanie, one of the dancer remarks:
We wouldn’t be able to do what we do without support from a number of community organizations and partners,
iDance’s mission is to foster accessibility in our community for dancers with and without disabilities, focusing on disability awareness, education and partnership with the larger community.
They achieve this mission through the collaboration of all individuals involved in iDANCE. The wealth of knowledge, networks, and experiences of our group is far greater than anything one person could offer alone. As Lindsay commented, “We must continually honor this vast resource while valuing our fellow contributors to function successfully as a diverse team and realize our goals”.
A shared passion can connect a community of diverse individuals. With everyone working towards a common goal, it is possible to foster unique strengths to a greater end, and learn about others in a manner that appreciates both similarities and differences.
Accessible physical space can be compensated for by an accessible attitude. Ask others how they would like to approach accessibility issues you encounter together, and be willing to get creative in a way that respects another’s dignity.
Learn what members use most to communicate (this may be on an individual basis, such as one member having no computer access and requiring phone contact, or another member preferring an electronic form of communication ie. , facebook, twitter, websites)
Be receptive about what people need to be included
Encourage self-advocacy - Even just by asking someone how they might feel best included, or most able to contribute.
Shared by Lindsay Eales, BScOT(c)

32. "I have been dancing with iDance for two years now and really love it
"I have been dancing with iDance for two years now and really love it.  Coming to dance every week and dancing with the many friends that I have made makes me feel free.  This is the one time during the week that I can feel free to be "me“. "At iDANCE, I am always welcome, I don't have to hide my identity, I can just be myself when dancing in the group. To be a dancer you must love yourself and I have learned how through iDANCE. The trust in this group is the best trust I ever had in life."
Shared by Lindsay Eales, BScOT(c)

33. iDance as an Interprofessional Team
Dignity
Respect
Safe space
Creative adjustments
Flexibility
Self & others
Personal responsibility and ownership
Shared by Lindsay Eales, BScOT(c)

34. Champions #3 Terry Olivas De la O, COTA
Family Success by Design, Inc. (FSbD) was created as a collaborative community-based organization with a mission to improve the lives of families and children.

36. Champions #4 OT4OT Merrolee Penman Anita Hamilton Sarah Bodell
Will Wade
Susan Burwash
Claire Hayward
Angela Hook
Rashid Kashani
Karen Jacobs

38. Champions #5

42. Characteristics of effective interprofessional teams
Well-defined purpose
Goals linking purpose and outcomes of the team
Clear expectations of each person’s role and responsibilities
Communicating effectively
Establishing regular patterns of communication
Generating team cohesion
Displaying high levels of mutual respect
Framework for Action on Interprofessional Education & Collaborative Practice

45. Together        
Everyone  
Achieves   
More

46. Lost at Sea Shaving mirror Two-gallon can of oil-gas mixture
Five-gallon can of water
One case of US Army C rations
20 square feet of opaque plastic
2 boxes of chocolate bars
Fishing kit
15 feet of nylon rope
Seat cushion (flotation device)
Shark repellent
One quart of 160-proof rum
Small transistor
Maps of the Pacific Ocean
Mosquito netting
Sextant
(Paul M. Nemiroff & William A. Pasmore)

47. Thank you!