1. Teaching Climate Change Geoengineering Dr. Wil Burns Associate Director, Energy Policy & Climate Program Johns Hopkins University CAMEL Climate Change Continuing Education Symposium November 20, 2012

2. “Climate Geoengineering” “[O]ptions that would involve large-scale engineering of our environment in order to combat or counteract the effects of changes in atmospheric chemistry.” U.S. National Academy of Sciences 2

3. ROADMAP Brief description of primary climate geoengineering options; Governance options; Teaching resources 3

4. Phytoplankton

5. The Ocean and the “Biological Pump”

6. Planktonic Collage: What Plankton Species Might Ocean Iron Fertilization Favor?

7. Air Capture

8. Geoengineering: Sulfur Injection

9. (Surface temperature difference from present day during June, July and August with the 2×CO2 simulation and the geoengineering simulation using 2 Tg S yr−1 emission (which is not sufficient to entirely balance the greenhouse warming). Rasch P J et al. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2008;366:4007-4037

10. Geoengineering: The Space Option

11. UNFCCC Article 2 Objective The ultimate objective of this Convention... is to achieve, in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Convention, stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system.[emphasis added] Article 4 Commitments 1. (b) Formulate, implement, publish and regularly update national and, where appropriate, regional programmes containing measures to mitigate climate change by addressing anthropogenic emissions by sources and removals by sinks of... greenhouse gases... and measures to facilitate adequate adaptation to climate change; [emphasis added]