1. Los Mandatos Formales (Commands) To form the singular Formal (Ud) command of regular verbs: 1. start with the “yo”form of the Present 2. drop the “o” 3. for –AR verbs, add “e” for –ER and –IR verbs, add “a” To form the plural Formal (Uds) command, simply add “n” to the singular Formal command form.

2. InfinitiveYO formSingularPlural Hablarhablohable Udhablen Uds Comercomocoma Udcoman Uds Escribirescriboescriba Udescriban Uds Cerrarcierrocierre Udcierren Uds Volvervuelvovuelva Udvuelvan Uds Seguirsigosiga Udsigan Uds Ponerpongoponga Udpongan Uds

3. For –gar, -car, and –zar verbs, the same spelling changes will occur as in the ‘yo’ form in the Preterite tense: llegarllegollegue Udlleguen Uds tocartocotocque Udtoquen Uds empezarempiezoempiece Udempiecen Uds

4. With the Formal commands, Direct and Indirect Object Pronouns MUST be attached to the end of affirmative commands, and go before negative commands! Remember that Indirect object pronouns go before Direct object pronouns. Also, an accent must be added to all commands of more than one syllable when a pronoun is added. Tell me!¡Dígame Ud! Write them (letters)¡Escríbenlas Ud! Send me it (money)!¡Mándemelo Ud! Send them it (money)!¡Mándeselo Ud!

5. There are only 5 verbs that have irregular Formal commands: irvaya Udvayan Uds sersea Udsean Uds sabersepa Udsepan Uds The last 2 verbs are formed like regular verbs, but have an accent added: estaresté Udestén Uds dardé Uddén Uds

6. To make the formal commands negative, just add ‘NO’ before the affirmative command. However, all object pronouns are placed after the ‘no’ and before the command: Open the window!¡Abra Ud la ventana! Don’t open the window! ¡No abra Ud la ventana! Open it (window)!¡Ábrala Ud! Don’t open it (window)!¡No la abra Ud! Stand up!¡Levántese Ud! Don’t stand up!¡No se levante Ud! Send me it (money)!¡Mándemelo Ud! Don’t send me it! ¡No me lo mande Ud!