1. Fariha Urooj Ph.D. Scholar, Wastewater Treatment Lab, Directorate of Research and Development, Punjab University. Topic A Novel Approach for Bleaching Cotton Substrate including Surgical Cotton

2. Fariha Arooj And Irfan Ahmad PhD Project, Punjab University, Lahore, PAKISTAN AOP Based Cotton Bleaching

3. Who are we? Introduction

4. AOP Research Group Under the Supervision of:

6. AOP Research Group Working on: Domestic wastewater Textile Wastewater Tannery Wastewater Pulp and paper Wastewater

7. This is a State of the Art Lab with Leading Edge Technology Solution Primarily purpose is simple: To Solve the Problems Faced by the Industry !

10. Up-Flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Reactor Recent PhD Project

11. A New Washing-Off Method for Reactive Dyeing of Cotton In Collaboration with Thies-Germany

12. Other Activities in Wastewater Treatment Research Lab : Trainings Consultancy Research Waste Treatment / Analysis Water Analysis Etc.

13. Achievements NameDate of Approval Approved byPatent No Method and device for dyeing a textile substrate 12.11.2008International Patent Office WO 2008138282 European Patent office EP1990456 IPO (Germany)DE102007022265 IPO (Japan)JP 2008280666 IPO (Korea)KR 20080099824 IPO (China)CN 101302722

14. Industrial Plant by M/S Thies Germany

15. Sr. No. AuthorYearTitle of PaperName of Publishing Journal 1 F.R.Shah, Ahmad, N. K.R. Masood and D.M. Zahid 2008The influence of cadmium and chromium on the biomass production of shisham (Dalbergia Sissoo Roxb.) Seedings. Pakistan Journal of Botany 2 Akhtar, M. Ahmad, N. and Booij, M.J., 2008The impact of climate change on the water resources of Hindukush- Karakorum-Himalaya region under different glacier coverage scenarios. Journal of Hydrology 3 Akhtar, M. Ahmad, N. and Booij, M.J 2008Use of regional climate model simulations as input for hydrological models for the Hindukush- Karakorum-Himalaya region. Hydrology and Earth System Science Discussion 4 Qazi, M.A., Ahmad, N. Akram, M. 2008Economical and environmental implication of solid waste compost application to agricultural fields in Punjab, Pakistan:I Rice-Wheat Cropping System. Waste Management 5 Qazi, M.A., Ahmad, N. Akram, M. 2008Economical and environmental implication of solid waste compost application to agricultural fields in Punjab, Pakistan:II, Cotton-Wheat Cropping System. Waste Management Publications

16. Sr. No. AuthorYearTitle of Paper Name of Publishing Journal 6 Yasar, A. Ahmad, N. Latif, H. and Khan, A.A.A. 2007Pathogen Re-growth in UASB effluent Disinfected by UV, O 3, H 2 O 2, and Advanced Oxidation Processes. Ozone-Science & Engineering 7 Yasar, A., Ahmad, N. Chaudhry, M.N. and Khan, A.A.A. 2007Sludge granulation and efficiency of phase separator in UASB reactor treating combined industrial effluent Journal of Environment al Sciences- China 8 Yasar, A., Ahmad, N. Chaudhry, M.N. Rehman, M.S.U., and Khan, A.A.A. 2007Ozone for color and COD removal of raw and anaerobically biotreated combined industrial wastewater. Polish Journal of Environment al Studies 9 Yasar, A., Ahmad, N. Khan, A.A.A., and Yousaf, A. 2007Decolorization of CL-BR Blue dye by AOPs using bleach Wastewater as Source of H 2 O 2 Journal of Environment al Sciences- China 10 Qazi, M.A. Ahmad, N. and Akram, M. 2007Integrated Nutrient Management for Wheat by Municipal solid waste manure in Rice-wheat an cotton-wheat cropping systems. Polish Journal of Environment al Studies

17. Advanced oxidation can be defined as a process in which the oxidative capacity of a parent compound is modified to make oxidation- reduction reactions more rapid and complete by generating hydroxyl radicals. What is AOP?

18. Oxidizing Reagent Oxidation Potential (eV) Fluorine 3.06 Hydroxyl radical 2.80 Nascent oxygen 2.42 Ozone 2.07 Hydrogen Peroxide 1.77 Perhydroxyl radical 1.70 Hypochlorous acid 1.49 Chlorine gas 1.36

19. Major types of AOPs H 2 O 2 UV Process Fenton Process Ozonation UV/ H 2 O 2 O 3 /H 2 O 2 O 3 /UV O 3 /H 2 O 2 /UV Photocatalysis

20. AOP Based Cotton Bleaching Green solution….

21. Conventional Bleaching Consumption of high energy Longer treatment time Extensive use of chemicals like surfactants, stabilizers, peroxide killers etc. Highly alkaline effluent requires neutralization. High environmental loads resulting from waste water Storage problems Treatment and disposal cost

22. processing at low temperature No by products & reduces effluent load Less acid is required for neutralization Shorter treatment times No use of chemicals Less energy consumption Higher oxidation potential Benefits of AOP Bleaching

23. Objectives To develop an AOP based cost-effective and efficient technology for the bleaching of cotton fabrics. To optimize the process by studying various parameters such as pH, time, temperature etc. To evaluate the impact of AOPs on the quality of bleached fabrics. To make a comparison between the conventional and AOP based bleaching of cotton.

24. Quality of Bleached Fabric The quality of fabric is assessed by: Whiteness Absorbency Dye uptake Bursting Strength Degree of Polymerization Extent of Chemical Modification in terms of Copper number

25. Materials and Methods 100% cotton, single jersey, knitted fabric having 180 gsm (grams per squared meter) was used. The bleached samples were measured for whiteness index using spectrophotometer SF 500 by data color. The color difference (∆E) values of the dyed samples were determined using the 1976 CIE L*, a* and b* (CIELAB) equation. The fluidity of cotton fabric was measured according to AATCC test method 82-1996. The fehling test was used to assess the chemical damage to cellulose

26. Characteristics of bleached fabrics Types of bleaching WI, CIE Absorbency (sec) Copper no Bursting strength DPCOD ppm TDS ppm Conventional bleaching 632-30.12594247446402730 AOP Bleaching 622-30.195902199120340 Results and Discussion

27. Conventional Bleach BathAOP Bleach Bath

29. Conclusion The present report reveals that the grey cotton fabric can be bleached using AOPs to achieve the desired degree of whiteness with minimum damage to cellulose in a short time period. The AOP bleaching has several advantages including elimination of scouring processes, savings in energy and chemicals, and no effluent loading.

30. Future Study We intend to extend these processes to bleach surgical cotton for future research.

31. THANKING YOU