1. CAN COULD MAY MIGHT SHOULD / OUGHT TO MUST
MODAL VERBS
CAN
COULD
MAY
MIGHT
SHOULD / OUGHT TO
MUST

2. MODAL VERBS
Todos os modais são usados sem alteração de forma com qualquer sujeito,
não recebem a partícula "to" antes deles
os verbos colocados depois deles devem ficar no infinitivo sem "to " exceto com ought to

3. MODAL VERBS I can see You can see He can see
She can see → Can she see?
It can see She cannot/can’t see.
We can see
They can see
The students can see

4. MODAL VERBS NEGATIVE FORMS
CAN CANNOT CAN’T
COULD COULD NOT COULDN’T
MAY MAY NOT
MIGHT MIGHT NOT MIGHTN’T
SHOULD SHOULD NOT SHOULDN’T
OUGHT TO OUGHT NOT TO OUGHTN’T
MUST MUST NOT MUSTN’T

5. MODAL VERBS CAN → posso, pode... (present / future) INDICA: habilidade
capacidade (TO BE ABLE TO)
permissão informal
possibilidade

6. Examples of CAN We can speak Portuguese and English.
We ARE ABLE TO speak Portuguese and English.
Can I go to the restroom?
He can visit France when he travels to Europe.
You can go now.

7. COULD → podia, poderia... passado de CAN
INDICA
passado de CAN
capacidade ou habilidade no passado (TO BE ABLE TO)
pedido educado (FORMAL)

8. Examples of COULD
My brother could run 10 kilometers every other day when he was young.
He WAS ABLE TO run 10 kilometers...
The pilot couldn’t land because of the fog.
They could have visited France when they went to Europe.
Could you help me carry the baggage please?

9. MAY →posso, pode... (present / future)
INDICA
Permissão FORMAL
(TO BE ALLOWED / TO BE PERMITTED)
Probabilidade - GRANDE

10. Examples of MAY May I come in?
You may leave the room when you finish the test.
You ARE ALLOWED TO leave the room ...
We may see many important people at the international conference.
There may be many homeless people after the earthquake.

11. MIGHT→posso, podia INDICA passado de MAY permissão FORMAL no passado
(TO BE ALLOWED / TO BE PERMITTED)
Probabilidade – PEQUENA (present)

12. Examples of MIGHT My mom said I might go to the show.
She said I WAS ALLOWED TO go to the show.
Might you go out alone when you were 14?
Maybe they might come for my birthday. However I don’t believe it.
We might meet an ET at our backyard someday.

13. SHOULD → devo, deveria... (present / past)
INDICA
conselho
recomendação
sugestão
crítica (negative/ shouldn’t)

14. Examples of SHOULD You should answer your questions now.
He said we should come back tomorrow.
You should turn off your cell in classroom.
What should I do now?
You shouldn’t be so impolite!
They shouldn’t drink so much!

15. OUGHT TO→devo, deveria... único dos modais a usar "to" depois dele,
Sinônimo de SHOULD
conselho
recomendação
sugestão

16. Examples of OUGHT TO You should answer your questions now.
You OUGHT TO answer your questions now.
He said we should come back tomorrow.
He said we OUGHT TO come back tomorrow.

17. INDICA obrigação forte necessidade dedução lógica sinônimo: HAVE TO
MUST → tenho que, devo...
INDICA
obrigação
forte necessidade
dedução lógica
sinônimo: HAVE TO

18. Examples of MUST We must respect traffic laws.
We HAVE TO respect traffic laws.
You must buy food for your children.
He looks sick, he must go to the doctor’s.
That man has a latest model car and a nice, big house. He must be well-off. (DEVE)
Susan is always sad, she must have a problem. (DEVE)

19. MUST - negative forms You must study for your tests.
You MUSTN’T study for you tests.
MUSTN’T = PROHIBITION
You MUSTN’T scream in a hospital.
You MUSTN’T run a read light.

20. MUST - negative forms You must study for your tests.
You DON’T HAVE TO study for your tests.
You NEEDN’T study for your tests.
NOT NECESSARY