1. Development of Network Service Infrastructure for Transcoding Multimedia Streams by Antony Pranata Student ID: 1956645 Supervisor: Detlef Bosau Examiner: Prof. Rothermel Date: June 17, 2002 Master Thesis Institute of Parallel and Distributed High-Performance Systems (IPVR) University of Stuttgart

2. 2 of 18 Table of Contents Introduction Introduction Architecture Architecture Implementation Implementation Summary and Outlook Summary and Outlook

3. 3 of 18 Introduction Motivation Video stream 352 x 288 pixels 300 kbps ? PDA 320 x 240 pixels 256 kbps UMTS Mobile Phone 101 x 80 pixels 144 kbps GPRS 56 kbps GPRS Media server Notebook PC 1024 x 768 pixels 11 Mbps WaveLAN

4. 4 of 18 Introduction Solution MP3 44 kHz, 16 bit, stereo 128 kbps MP3 44 kHz, 16 bit, stereo 128 kbps  -Law 64 kbps GSM Mono 13.2 kbps Media server WaveLAN 11 Mbps GPRS 144 kbps Transcoder GPRS 56 kbps

5. 5 of 18 Introduction Solution 1. Service Brokering - QoS - Load balancing 2. Service Chaining - Establish connection - Handover Media serverClient Transcoders

6. 6 of 18 Table of Contents Introduction Introduction Architecture Architecture Implementation Implementation Summary and Outlook Summary and Outlook

7. 7 of 18 Architecture Infrastructure Server ClientService Broker Lookup Service RTSP, RTP, HTTP or FTP server - Supported decoders (e.g. MPEG, H.263, DVI) - - QoS parameters (e.g. bandwidth, screen size) - - Supported codecs (e.g. MPEG, H.263, DVI) - - QoS parameters (e.g. bandwidth, processor speed) Select the appropriate transcoder(s) and build path from the server to the client Directory of transcoders Transcoder

8. 8 of 18 Architecture Infrastructure Server Transcoder Client Service Broker Lookup Service

9. 9 of 18 MP3, 44 kHz, 16 bit, stereo MP3, 22 kHz, 8 bit, mono DVI, 8 kHz, 4 bit, mono GSM Mono ServerClientTranscoder MP3, 44 kHz, 16 bit, stereo MP3, 22 kHz, 8 bit, mono MP3, 44 kHz, 16 bit, stereo DVI, 8 kHz, 4 bit, mono MP3, 44 kHz, 16 bit, stereo GSM Mono 1 2 3 Transcoding Format Architecture Service Brokering

10. 10 of 18 Architecture Service Brokering All available transcoders (e.g. 100 transcoders) List 0 All transcoders supporting the transcoding format (e.g. 20 transcoders) List A All transcoders that have cache or are currently transcoding source media (e.g. 10 transcoders) List B Idle transcoders from List A (e.g. 15 transcoders) List D Idle transcoders from List B (e.g. 2 transcoders) List C Selected transcoder Attributes: - Supported transcoding formats - Location - Vendor - Other attributes QoS parameters: - Bandwidth - Processor load - Memory - Other parameters QoS parameters: - Bandwidth - Processor load - Memory - Other parameters

11. 11 of 18 Architecture Service Chaining ClientService BrokerLookup ServiceTranscoderServer Find transcoder Transcoder address(es) Service brokering Add client Transcoder session address Transcoder session address Request stream

12. 12 of 18 Architecture Service Chaining ClientService BrokerLookup ServiceTranscoderServer Control Finish Original stream Transcoded stream Control Original stream Transcoded stream Finish I’m alive

13. 13 of 18 Table of Contents Introduction Introduction Architecture Architecture Implementation Implementation Summary and Outlook Summary and Outlook

14. 14 of 18 Implementation Architecture Operating System JVM JMF Jini RMI Transcoder Client Service Broker Windows or UNIX J2SE 1.3.0JMF 2.1.1aJini 1.2

15. 15 of 18 Implementation Result Available bandwidth: 1 Mbps Selected video format: H.263, 352 x 288 pixels Selected audio format: MP3, 44 kHz, 16 bit, stereo Required bandwidth: 300 kbps Available bandwidth: 100 kbps Selected video format: H.263, 128 x 96 pixels Selected audio format: MP3, 22 kHz, 16 bit, mono Required bandwidth: 70 kbps Available bandwidth: 200 kbps Selected video format: H.263, 176 x 144 pixels Selected audio format: MP3, 22 kHz, 16 bit, stereo Required bandwidth: 150 kbps

16. 16 of 18 Table of Contents Introduction Introduction Architecture Architecture Implementation Implementation Summary and Outlook Summary and Outlook

17. 17 of 18 Summary and Outlook The growth of mobile devices leads to heterogeneity and mobility problems in distributed multimedia systems. The growth of mobile devices leads to heterogeneity and mobility problems in distributed multimedia systems. One solution to solve these problems is by having transcoding infrastructure. One solution to solve these problems is by having transcoding infrastructure. Two main issues in the transcoding infrastructure are service brokering and service chaining. Two main issues in the transcoding infrastructure are service brokering and service chaining. The prototype implemented in this thesis is only designed for Campus LAN. There are some other works so that the infrastructure can be implemented in the Internet. The prototype implemented in this thesis is only designed for Campus LAN. There are some other works so that the infrastructure can be implemented in the Internet. The infrastructure can be enhanced to support N-level transcoding. The infrastructure can be enhanced to support N-level transcoding.

18. 18 of 18 Any Questions?