1. Caught in the act: The Present Progressive The present progressive is used when the action is happening RIGHT NOW.

2. Present Progressive is the equivalent of the English –ING. It will be used with a helping verb: AM ARE IS

3. Present Progressive is different than present tense: Present Tense: happening in general Estudio inglés. I am studying English. (It’s in my schedule this year.) Present Progressive: happening right now (at this moment) Estoy estudiando inglés. I am studying English. (Studying right now for a test tomorrow.)

4. En la foto, los perros están jugando con el dinosaurio The dogs are playing with the dinosaur (right now).

5. La chica está sacando fotos. The girl is taking pictures (right now).

6. El hombre está leyendo las instrucciones. The man is reading the instructions (right now).

7. Did you notice that in both the English and Spanish examples there were TWO verbs? Don’t forget – the progressive tense uses a helping verb (am/are/is) plus a present participle.

8. TO FORM THE PRESENT PROGRESSIVE, CONJUGATE ESTAR IN THE PRESENT TENSE AND ADD A PRESENT PARTICIPLE: EstoyEstamos EstásEstáis EstáEstán -ANDO (for –AR verbs) +-IENDO (for –ER/-IR verbs) ESTARPRESENT PARTICIPLE

9. Give the present progressive forms of the following verbs: BAILAR ESCUCHAR CORRER APRENDER DECIDIR BAILANDODANCING ESCUCHANDOLISTENING CORRIENDORUNNING APRENDIENDOLEARNING DECIDIENDODECIDING

10. There are some problematic present participles that you worked with in level 2. They fall into two categories.

11. O > UE stem-changers change O > U Venir (ie, i) Divertir (ie, i) Morir (ue, u) Vestir (ie, i) Dormir (ue, u) Stem-changing -IR verbs continue to stem-change in the participle form: (and this applies to ONLY –IR stem-changers) E > IE and E > I stem-changers change E > I viniendo divirtiendo muriendo visitendo durmiendo

12. Therefore, the “I” that sits between the vowels changes to “Y”. Traer Leer Creer -ER and –IR verbs whose stem ends in a vowel will also have a spelling change. Trayendo Leyendo Creyendo Traiendo Leiendo Creiendo The vowel from the end of the stem and the “IE” from the ending –IENDO form a tripthong, which are problematic in Spanish. Other verbs that have this spelling change include: oír, destruir, and caer.

13. Describe what people are doing: Yo estoy descansado… Nosotros estamos escribiendo… Felipe está leyendo… Raquel y Tomás están sacando… El Sr. Velázquez está repitiendo… Tú estás mirando… Mi madre está pidiendo…

14. So… what do you remember? 1. When you do use the present progressive? When you want to say what is happening right now. 2. How do you form the present progressive? Conjugate ESTAR in present tense and add a present participle. 3. What is the participle ending for –AR verbs? For –ER/-IR verbs? -ANDO and -IENDO 4. What type of infinitive has a stem-changing participle? A stem-changing –IR verb 5. Give an example of a participle that ends in –YENDO. LEYENDO, CREYENDO, OYENDO, TRAYENDO, DESTRUYENDO and CAYENDO