1. MARCHING AS TO WAR

2. JUBILATION ACROSS THE WORLD WAR WAS MET WITH ENTHUSIASM AND HAPPINESS ACROSS THE WORLD WAR WAS MET WITH ENTHUSIASM AND HAPPINESS CANADA NO EXCEPTION, RECRUITMENT OFFICES JAMMED WITH YOUTH SINGING IMPERIALIST SONGS CANADA NO EXCEPTION, RECRUITMENT OFFICES JAMMED WITH YOUTH SINGING IMPERIALIST SONGS BRITISH INTELLIGENCE SAID CANADA WOULD PLAY LITTLE ROLE IN WAR AS MILITIA NOT READY BRITISH INTELLIGENCE SAID CANADA WOULD PLAY LITTLE ROLE IN WAR AS MILITIA NOT READY GERMAN INTELLIGENCE STATED THAT CANADA WOULD NOT PLAY AN APPRECIABLE ROLE GERMAN INTELLIGENCE STATED THAT CANADA WOULD NOT PLAY AN APPRECIABLE ROLE BOTH SIDES WERE RIGHT. WAR WAS TO BE OVER BEFORE CHRISTMAS, AND IF THAT HAPPENED WE WOULD NEVER HAVE GOT THERE BOTH SIDES WERE RIGHT. WAR WAS TO BE OVER BEFORE CHRISTMAS, AND IF THAT HAPPENED WE WOULD NEVER HAVE GOT THERE BECAUSE WAR DRAGS ON FOR FOUR YEARS, WE PROVE THEM WRONG BECAUSE WAR DRAGS ON FOR FOUR YEARS, WE PROVE THEM WRONG

3. BRITAIN WAR WILL BE OVER BY CHRISTMAS BRITAIN WAR WILL BE OVER BY CHRISTMAS KAISER WILHELM YOU WILL BE HOME BEFORE THE LAST LEAF HAS FALLEN KAISER WILHELM YOU WILL BE HOME BEFORE THE LAST LEAF HAS FALLEN CANADIAN MINISTER OF MILITIA IF THE WAR IS NOT OVER BY THE SPRING I WILL TAKE TO THE FIELD MYSELF CANADIAN MINISTER OF MILITIA IF THE WAR IS NOT OVER BY THE SPRING I WILL TAKE TO THE FIELD MYSELF GOOD THING HE NEVER DID, SAM HUGHES WAS INCAPABLE OF LEADING HIMSELF TO A SNACK GOOD THING HE NEVER DID, SAM HUGHES WAS INCAPABLE OF LEADING HIMSELF TO A SNACK GERMAN GENERAL VON MOLTKE ONLY ONE WHO KNEW BETTER GERMAN GENERAL VON MOLTKE ONLY ONE WHO KNEW BETTER HE SAID TO THE KAISER IN 1907 THAT THE WAR WILL BE A LONG ONE AND WILL BE A WAR BETWEEN NATIONS AND AMONGST PEOPLE. THE VICTOR WILL BE THE ONE WILLING TO SACRIFICE THE MOST FOR THE WAR EFFORT AND REFUSE TO GIVE UP. EVEN THE WINNER WILL BE HURT BY THIS WAR, AND IT WILL BE LONG. HE SAID TO THE KAISER IN 1907 THAT THE WAR WILL BE A LONG ONE AND WILL BE A WAR BETWEEN NATIONS AND AMONGST PEOPLE. THE VICTOR WILL BE THE ONE WILLING TO SACRIFICE THE MOST FOR THE WAR EFFORT AND REFUSE TO GIVE UP. EVEN THE WINNER WILL BE HURT BY THIS WAR, AND IT WILL BE LONG.

4. KAISER WILHELM II OF GERMANY TO LEFT AND MINISTER SAM HUGHES OF CANADA TO THE RIGHT. ONE WAS AN ABSOLUTE MONARCH, THE OTHER JUST ACTED LIKE ONE.

5. SCHLIEFFEN PLAN (GERMANY) SCHLIEFFEN PLAN (GERMANY) PLAN R (AUSTRIA-HUNGARY) PLAN R (AUSTRIA-HUNGARY) PLAN 17 (FRANCE) PLAN 17 (FRANCE) RUSSIAN PLAN; PLAN A OR PLAN 19 RUSSIAN PLAN; PLAN A OR PLAN 19 BRITISH PLAN; UMMMMM STOP GERMANY??? BRITISH PLAN; UMMMMM STOP GERMANY???

6. MAP OF GERMAN FRENCH BORDER AND THE WAR PLANS OF FRANCE AND GERMANY. FRANCES PLAN XVII WAS A FARCE, AND THE SCHLIEFFEN PLAN WHICH ALMOST WORKED

7. AUSTRIAN PLAN R AND RUSSIAN PLAN 19 (PLAN A) BOTH CALLED FOR A SPLIT OF THEIR FORCES TO DEAL WITH TWO ENEMIES AT ONCE GO OVER ON BOARD

8. SAM HUGHES

9. BORN 1854 IN ONTARIO BORN 1854 IN ONTARIO STAUNCH CONSERVATIVE AND MP STAUNCH CONSERVATIVE AND MP MEMBER OF MILITIA EARLY ON AND ROSE TO RANK OF LT COLONEL MEMBER OF MILITIA EARLY ON AND ROSE TO RANK OF LT COLONEL HATED LAURIERS BOER WAR POLICY HATED LAURIERS BOER WAR POLICY ORANGE LODGE IMPERIALIST ORANGE LODGE IMPERIALIST DURING BOER WAR WANTS TO GO DURING BOER WAR WANTS TO GO RAISES OWN FORCE TRIES TO TAKE THEM RAISES OWN FORCE TRIES TO TAKE THEM LAURIER REFUSES, HUTTON REFUSES THINKING HUGHES IS CRAZY LAURIER REFUSES, HUTTON REFUSES THINKING HUGHES IS CRAZY LETTERS TO PAPERS OF HOW HUTTON ANTI CANADIAN LETTERS TO PAPERS OF HOW HUTTON ANTI CANADIAN

10. EVENTUALLY HUGHES APOLOGIZES AND GETS PERMISSION TO GO TO SOUTH AFRICA AS OBSERVER ONLY EVENTUALLY HUGHES APOLOGIZES AND GETS PERMISSION TO GO TO SOUTH AFRICA AS OBSERVER ONLY WHEN THERE DONS UNIFORM AND FIGHTS. WRITES LETTERS BACK HOME CRITICAL OF BRITISH WHEN THERE DONS UNIFORM AND FIGHTS. WRITES LETTERS BACK HOME CRITICAL OF BRITISH SAYS HE DESERVED TWO VCs SAYS HE DESERVED TWO VCs STORY OF HOW HE AND TWO OTHERS TOOK TOWN AND HELD FROM 250 BOERS STORY OF HOW HE AND TWO OTHERS TOOK TOWN AND HELD FROM 250 BOERS REMOVED FROM WAR FOR INSUBORDINATION REMOVED FROM WAR FOR INSUBORDINATION PAPERS NOW REALIZE HE IS NOT TRUTHFUL PAPERS NOW REALIZE HE IS NOT TRUTHFUL AFTER HOME RETURNS TO POLITICS AND IN 1911 WINS WITH BORDEN. HE IS MADE MINISTER OF MILITIA AFTER HOME RETURNS TO POLITICS AND IN 1911 WINS WITH BORDEN. HE IS MADE MINISTER OF MILITIA HIS ACTIONS HINDER GREATLY OUR WAR EFFORT EARLY ON HIS ACTIONS HINDER GREATLY OUR WAR EFFORT EARLY ON

11. HUGHES MISTAKES BEFORE WAR ALIENATES FRENCH GREATLY BEFORE WAR ALIENATES FRENCH GREATLY MAKES ENGLISH LANGUAGE OF MILITARY, BANS FRENCH REGIMENTS FROM PARADING ON FRENCH HOLIDAYS. HURTS RECRUITMENT MAKES ENGLISH LANGUAGE OF MILITARY, BANS FRENCH REGIMENTS FROM PARADING ON FRENCH HOLIDAYS. HURTS RECRUITMENT WHEN WAR STARTS RAISES NO FRENCH REGIMENTS, AND PLACES FRENCH TROOPS INTO ENGLISH REGIMENTS WHEN WAR STARTS RAISES NO FRENCH REGIMENTS, AND PLACES FRENCH TROOPS INTO ENGLISH REGIMENTS EXISTING FRENCH REGIMENTS BROKEN UP AND FED PIECEMEAL INTO ENGLISH UNITS EXISTING FRENCH REGIMENTS BROKEN UP AND FED PIECEMEAL INTO ENGLISH UNITS LT COL PELLETIER SENT WITH SIX OTHERS TO ANTICOSTI ISLAND DESPITE FACT HE WAS EXPERIENCED COMBAT OFFICER FROM BOER WAR LT COL PELLETIER SENT WITH SIX OTHERS TO ANTICOSTI ISLAND DESPITE FACT HE WAS EXPERIENCED COMBAT OFFICER FROM BOER WAR EVENTUALLY 58 FRENCH CDN MPs LOBBY BORDEN TO RAISE A FRENCH REGIMENT AND THE ROYAL 22IEME REGIMENT DE QUEBEC IS FOUNDED. THE VAN DOOS EVENTUALLY 58 FRENCH CDN MPs LOBBY BORDEN TO RAISE A FRENCH REGIMENT AND THE ROYAL 22IEME REGIMENT DE QUEBEC IS FOUNDED. THE VAN DOOS

12. Les premiers volontaires du 22e Bataillon à Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, en 1914.

13. ROSS RIFLE

14. 1896 FREDERICK BORDEN ORDERS NEW BRITISH RIFLE THE LEE ENFIELD 1896 FREDERICK BORDEN ORDERS NEW BRITISH RIFLE THE LEE ENFIELD BRITISH SAY NO. WE ASK FOR LICENSE TO MAKE THEM. NO BRITISH SAY NO. WE ASK FOR LICENSE TO MAKE THEM. NO IN BOER WAR WE ORDER 15,000 BUT AGAIN NO IN BOER WAR WE ORDER 15,000 BUT AGAIN NO AFTER BOER WAR BEGIN TO LOOK AT BUILDING OUR OWN AFTER BOER WAR BEGIN TO LOOK AT BUILDING OUR OWN CHARLES ROSS A HUNTER ADOPTS HIS OWN PATENTED HUNTING RIFLE FOR THE MILITARY CHARLES ROSS A HUNTER ADOPTS HIS OWN PATENTED HUNTING RIFLE FOR THE MILITARY COMPETITION TO COMPARE LEE ENFIELD AND ROSS COMPETITION TO COMPARE LEE ENFIELD AND ROSS CHARLES ROSS CAUGHT TAMPERING WITH LEE ENFIELD SIGHT, BUT HUGHES LIKES THE CDN RIFLE SO IT WINS CHARLES ROSS CAUGHT TAMPERING WITH LEE ENFIELD SIGHT, BUT HUGHES LIKES THE CDN RIFLE SO IT WINS SERIES OF CHANGES MADE TO ROSS BEFORE THE WAR SERIES OF CHANGES MADE TO ROSS BEFORE THE WAR

15. BY WAR 80 CHANGES MADE BY WAR 80 CHANGES MADE 5 FEET LONG, TEN POUNDS, JAMMED WHEN DIRTY OR WET, BAYONET FELL OFF WHEN FIRED ETC 5 FEET LONG, TEN POUNDS, JAMMED WHEN DIRTY OR WET, BAYONET FELL OFF WHEN FIRED ETC MANY CDNS DIED BECAUSE OF THE ROSS WHEN IT JAMMED MANY CDNS DIED BECAUSE OF THE ROSS WHEN IT JAMMED MANY SOLDIERS THREW IT AWAY AND PICKED UP LEE ENFIELDS FROM DEAD TOMMIES MANY SOLDIERS THREW IT AWAY AND PICKED UP LEE ENFIELDS FROM DEAD TOMMIES COMMANDER OF CDN 1 ST DIVISION WAS BRITISH GENERAL ALDERSON. HE EVENTUALLY ORDERS THE ROSS SCRAPPED COMMANDER OF CDN 1 ST DIVISION WAS BRITISH GENERAL ALDERSON. HE EVENTUALLY ORDERS THE ROSS SCRAPPED THIS GREATLY ANGERS HUGHES WHO WORKS TO HAVE ALDERSON REPLACED AS COMMANDER OF THE CDN 1 ST DIV THIS GREATLY ANGERS HUGHES WHO WORKS TO HAVE ALDERSON REPLACED AS COMMANDER OF THE CDN 1 ST DIV THE ROSS IS EVENTUALLY SCRAPPED BY ALL CDN FORCES BUT NOT UNTIL MUCH LATER THE ROSS IS EVENTUALLY SCRAPPED BY ALL CDN FORCES BUT NOT UNTIL MUCH LATER

16. MCADAM SPADE EVERY SOLDIER IN WWI HAD ENTRENCHING TOOL EVERY SOLDIER IN WWI HAD ENTRENCHING TOOL HUGHES WANTED CANADIAN MADE ONE HUGHES WANTED CANADIAN MADE ONE IDEA FROM ONE OF HIS SECRETARIES SO HER FATHER GETS CONTRACT TO PRODUCE IT IDEA FROM ONE OF HIS SECRETARIES SO HER FATHER GETS CONTRACT TO PRODUCE IT IT WAS TO BE ENTRENCHING TOOL, AND SHIELD PARAPET IT WAS TO BE ENTRENCHING TOOL, AND SHIELD PARAPET ORDERED 25,000 AT $1.35 ORDERED 25,000 AT $1.35 NEVER REALLY USED, SOLD FOR SCRAP FOR 1400 BUCKS NEVER REALLY USED, SOLD FOR SCRAP FOR 1400 BUCKS PROBLEMS, YOU COULDNT SEE AROUND IT, HOLE MADE IT USELESS FOR DIGGING, AND SHATTERED WHEN HIT PROBLEMS, YOU COULDNT SEE AROUND IT, HOLE MADE IT USELESS FOR DIGGING, AND SHATTERED WHEN HIT

17. HUGHES SHOWING OFF THE MARVELLOUS MCCADAM SPADE NOTE THE GENERALS UNIFORM, WHICH HE HAD NO RIGHT TO WEAR AS A RETIRED LT COL AND POLITICIAN.

18. DESTROYING MORAL ORIGINAL PLAN WAS TO SEND OVER MILITIA UNITS. ESPRIT DE CORPS ORIGINAL PLAN WAS TO SEND OVER MILITIA UNITS. ESPRIT DE CORPS HUGHES WANTED TO MANIPULATE THE NUMBERS AND COMPOSITION SO DISBANDED ALL NAMED REGIMENTS AND MADE NEW NUMBERED ONES HUGHES WANTED TO MANIPULATE THE NUMBERS AND COMPOSITION SO DISBANDED ALL NAMED REGIMENTS AND MADE NEW NUMBERED ONES NO SENSE OF HISTORY, NO PRIDE, NOT FIGHTING FOR THE BOYS YOU KNOW NO SENSE OF HISTORY, NO PRIDE, NOT FIGHTING FOR THE BOYS YOU KNOW THIS KILLS OUR EARLY EFFORTS TO ENLIST THIS KILLS OUR EARLY EFFORTS TO ENLIST HUGHES GIVES CONTRACTS TO FRIENDS FOR UNIFORMS, BOOTS, GUNS ETC. ALL WERE INFERIOR, MORE EXPENSIVE AND HURT OUR WAR EFFORT IN THE EARLY STAGES HUGHES GIVES CONTRACTS TO FRIENDS FOR UNIFORMS, BOOTS, GUNS ETC. ALL WERE INFERIOR, MORE EXPENSIVE AND HURT OUR WAR EFFORT IN THE EARLY STAGES BOOTS (FELL APART) COATS (ABSORBED WATER 55 LBS) SAM BROWN HARNESS (SELF TIGHTENS) BOOTS (FELL APART) COATS (ABSORBED WATER 55 LBS) SAM BROWN HARNESS (SELF TIGHTENS)

19. HUGHES ALSO ALLOWED WEALTHY CANADIANS TO RAISE THEIR OWN REGIMENTS AND ACTUALLY LEAD THEM INTO BATTLE HUGHES ALSO ALLOWED WEALTHY CANADIANS TO RAISE THEIR OWN REGIMENTS AND ACTUALLY LEAD THEM INTO BATTLE MOST WERE UNWORTHY AND DID MORE DAMAGE THAN GOOD MOST WERE UNWORTHY AND DID MORE DAMAGE THAN GOOD EXCEPTION IS MAJOR HAMILTON GAULT WHO FOUNDS THE PPCLI AND ACTUALLY DIES WITH THE UNIT IN FRANCE EXCEPTION IS MAJOR HAMILTON GAULT WHO FOUNDS THE PPCLI AND ACTUALLY DIES WITH THE UNIT IN FRANCE PPCLI STILL AROUND TODAY, AND A VERY HONOURED REGIMENT PPCLI STILL AROUND TODAY, AND A VERY HONOURED REGIMENT THEY WERE THE FIRST CDNS TO SEE ACTION WHILE THEY WERE THE FIRST CDNS TO SEE ACTION WHILE

20. HAMILTON GAULT AND THE PPCLI IN CAMP VALCARTIER, QUE PPCLI COLOURS HAND MADE BY PRINCESS PATRICIA

21. WHILE ENGLISH CANADA HAD PEOPLE RICH ENOUGH, FRENCH CANADA DIDNT, SO AGAIN FEWER FRENCH CDN REGIMENTS WHILE ENGLISH CANADA HAD PEOPLE RICH ENOUGH, FRENCH CANADA DIDNT, SO AGAIN FEWER FRENCH CDN REGIMENTS EVEN CAMP VALCARTIER PATRONAGE. A FRIEND BOUGHT LAND AT MOUTH OF ST LAWRENCE AND CARTIER RIVERS, THEN SOLD TO ARMY EVEN CAMP VALCARTIER PATRONAGE. A FRIEND BOUGHT LAND AT MOUTH OF ST LAWRENCE AND CARTIER RIVERS, THEN SOLD TO ARMY HUGHES TOLD PARLIAMENT CAMP READY, FIRST MEN THERE ACTUALLY BUILT IT HUGHES TOLD PARLIAMENT CAMP READY, FIRST MEN THERE ACTUALLY BUILT IT 35,000 MEN WITH LITTLE SANITATION, LITTLE SHELTER, AND VERY LITTLE TRAINING 35,000 MEN WITH LITTLE SANITATION, LITTLE SHELTER, AND VERY LITTLE TRAINING HUGHES RODE AROUND LIKE A CAESAR OF OLD HUGHES RODE AROUND LIKE A CAESAR OF OLD SWORD DRILL, FORMED SQUARES, PROMOTED ON SPOT IF HE MADE A MISTAKE SWORD DRILL, FORMED SQUARES, PROMOTED ON SPOT IF HE MADE A MISTAKE HAD PRIVATE RAILWAY CAR ON SITE HAD PRIVATE RAILWAY CAR ON SITE YET HE DID BUILD THE CAMP WHERE ALL SOLDIERS TRAINED YET HE DID BUILD THE CAMP WHERE ALL SOLDIERS TRAINED

24. THE START OF WAR BY OCTOBER OF 1914 FIRST DIVISION OF 35,000 MEN ON WAY TO EUROPE IN 32 SHIP CONVOY. LARGEST TO EVER CROSS ATLANTIC (FOLLOWED BY ANOTHER SHIP WITH REST OF THEIR GEAR. BY OCTOBER OF 1914 FIRST DIVISION OF 35,000 MEN ON WAY TO EUROPE IN 32 SHIP CONVOY. LARGEST TO EVER CROSS ATLANTIC (FOLLOWED BY ANOTHER SHIP WITH REST OF THEIR GEAR. THIS TOO ORGANIZED BY FRIEND OF HUGHES SO CRAMPED, NOT ENOUGH CARGO SPACE SO ANOTHER SHIP LEFT THREE DAYS LATER THIS TOO ORGANIZED BY FRIEND OF HUGHES SO CRAMPED, NOT ENOUGH CARGO SPACE SO ANOTHER SHIP LEFT THREE DAYS LATER HORSES SEPARATED FROM MEN, ARTILLERY FROM GUNNERS ETC HUGHES WANTED TO LEAD THE MEN HIMSELF, BUT THANKFULLY NEVER HAPPENED. HORSES SEPARATED FROM MEN, ARTILLERY FROM GUNNERS ETC HUGHES WANTED TO LEAD THE MEN HIMSELF, BUT THANKFULLY NEVER HAPPENED. KAISER THEY SHALL GO HOME IN 30 ROW BOATS KAISER THEY SHALL GO HOME IN 30 ROW BOATS HUGHES GRANDIOSE DEPARTURE SPEECH THEN CONVINCES BORDEN TO LET HIM GO TO EUROPE TO SEE THEM ARRIVE HUGHES GRANDIOSE DEPARTURE SPEECH THEN CONVINCES BORDEN TO LET HIM GO TO EUROPE TO SEE THEM ARRIVE HE CHARTERS OUT OF NY AND BEATS THEM THERE TO GREET THEM ON THEIR ARRIVAL. IM SURE THEY WERE THRILLED AFTER SPENDING 12 DAYS CROSSING AND 9 WAITING TO DISEMBARK HE CHARTERS OUT OF NY AND BEATS THEM THERE TO GREET THEM ON THEIR ARRIVAL. IM SURE THEY WERE THRILLED AFTER SPENDING 12 DAYS CROSSING AND 9 WAITING TO DISEMBARK

25. IN ENGLAND WELCOMED BY KING, AND BRITISH PEOPLE ALIKE WELCOMED BY KING, AND BRITISH PEOPLE ALIKE MARCH TO SALISBURY PLAIN NEXT TO STONEHENGE MARCH TO SALISBURY PLAIN NEXT TO STONEHENGE BEGINS TO RAIN ON FIRST NIGHT, AND DOES 89 OF 123 DAYS THEY ARE THERE BEGINS TO RAIN ON FIRST NIGHT, AND DOES 89 OF 123 DAYS THEY ARE THERE DISEASE AS CAMP NOT READY FOR THEM DISEASE AS CAMP NOT READY FOR THEM WET, AS CHALK GROUND WET, AS CHALK GROUND PERHAPS BLESSING AS PREPARES THEM FOR FIELDS OF FLANDERS PERHAPS BLESSING AS PREPARES THEM FOR FIELDS OF FLANDERS LORD KITCHENER WANTS TO BREAK THEM UP LORD KITCHENER WANTS TO BREAK THEM UP HERE HUGHES DESERVES CREDIT, REFUSES ORDER HERE HUGHES DESERVES CREDIT, REFUSES ORDER

26. IN THE END CANADA HAS FOUR DIVISIONS IN THE FIELD IN THE END CANADA HAS FOUR DIVISIONS IN THE FIELD OVER 600,000 CDNS ENLIST. THATS ONE FOR EVERY 13 OVER 600,000 CDNS ENLIST. THATS ONE FOR EVERY 13 66,655 DIED OR ONE IN TEN 66,655 DIED OR ONE IN TEN THE STRONGEST CORPS OF THE WAR THE STRONGEST CORPS OF THE WAR CANADIAN NATIONHOOD BORN ON THE FIELDS OF FRANCE AND BELGIUM CANADIAN NATIONHOOD BORN ON THE FIELDS OF FRANCE AND BELGIUM