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SPANISH FOR MEDICAL STUDENTS (ESPANOL PARA ESTUDIANTES DE MEDICINA): Cardiovascular Diseases (Enfermedades Cardiovasculares) March 5, 2014 Nestor Mercado.

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Presentation on theme: "SPANISH FOR MEDICAL STUDENTS (ESPANOL PARA ESTUDIANTES DE MEDICINA): Cardiovascular Diseases (Enfermedades Cardiovasculares) March 5, 2014 Nestor Mercado."— Presentation transcript:

1 SPANISH FOR MEDICAL STUDENTS (ESPANOL PARA ESTUDIANTES DE MEDICINA): Cardiovascular Diseases (Enfermedades Cardiovasculares) March 5, 2014 Nestor Mercado MD, PhD, FESC Assistant Professor of Medicine Director of Structural Heart Program Division of Cardiology – LSU HSC New Orleans, LA

2 Cardinal symptoms in Cardiology (Los sintomas mas importantes en Cardiologia) Chest pain (dolor de pecho) Palpitations (palpitaciones) Shortness of breath (dificultad para respirar)

3 Does it hurt?Le duele? Do you have chest pain or discomfort?Tiene dolor o molestia de pecho? How would you describe it?Como lo describiria? Constant?Constante? Intermittent?Intermitente? Does it hurt when you take a deep breath?Le duele cuando respira profundo? Have you ever had this pain before?Ha sentido este dolor anteriormente? When?Cuando? How was it treated?Como fue tratado? How often have you had the pain?Con cuanta frecuencia lo ha sentido?

4 Where does it hurt?Donde le duele? Where in your chest do you feel the pain?En donde en el pecho siente el dolor? Point to where you feel the painIndicame dónde siente el dolor Does it radiate to any other area? Se irradia el dolor a otra parte? What does it feel like?Que siente? What does the pain feel like? Qué clase de dolor? Crushing or squeezing?Siente que lo aplasta o oprime? Something heavy pressing on your chest?Algo pesado oprimiendo su pecho? Pressure or tightness?Siente presión o tensión? Dull ache?Es un dolor agudo? Burning sensation?Sensación de ardor? Sharp or stabbing like a knife?Agudo o punzante como un cuchillo? Ripping or tearing sensation?Siente que es un dolor desgarrante? Heartburn-type pain?Siente como si le quemara el pecto?

5 Any other symptoms with the pain? Otros sintomas con el dolor? Anxiety?Ansiedad? Arm pain?Dolor en los brazos? Back pain?Dolor en la espalda? DizzinessMareos? Fainting?Desmayos? Fatigue?Fatiga? Feeling of doom?Sensación de muerte? Jaw pain? Dolor de mandíbula? Nausea? Náuseas? Restlessness?Inquietud? Shortness of breath? Respiración entrecortada? Sweating?Sudor? Vomiting?Vómitos? Weakness?Debilidad? Does anything make it worse? Hay algo que empeora el dolor? Standing?Pararse?

6 How long have you felt it?Desde hace cuanto le duele? How long have you been having this C.P.? Cuanto tiempo tiene este dolor? Did it start recently?Comenzó hace poco? Over the last few hours, days, or weeks? Hace unas horas, días, o semanas? In the morning?En la mañana? In the afternoon?En la tarde? In the evening?En la noche? How long?Cuanto tiempo? How long does an attack last? Cuánto tiempo dura el ataque? Seconds? Segundos? Minutes? Minutos? Hours?Horas? Days? Días?

7 PalpitationsPalpitaciones Does your heart ever feel like it's: Siente que el corazón: Pounding?Le late violentamente? Racing?Le late aceleradamente? Skipping beats?Se saltea latidos? When does this feeling occur?Cuándo ocurre esta sensación? While resting?Mientras descansa? During an activity?Mientras hace alguna actividad? After an activity?Después de una actividad? After exercising? Después de hacer ejercicio? After walking up steps?Después de subir escalones? After eating?Después de comer?

8 Shortness of breath (SOB)Dificultad para respirar Have you ever experienced SOB? Alguna vez ha sentido que Have you ever experienced SOB? Alguna vez ha sentido que le falta la respiración? When did it occur?Cuándo ocurrió? What makes it better? Qué lo mejora? What makes it worse? Qué lo empeora? Is SOB related to any activity? Está relacionado con alguna actividad? Which activity? Con qué actividad? Is SOB accompanied by coughing? Va acompañado de tos? How many pillows do you use when¿Cuántas almohadas usa para You sleep?dormir?

9 Past medical historyHistoria medica Investigate if the patient was born with a heart problem as well as if he has a history of high blood pressure, high cholesterol, or diabetes Were you born with a heart problem? Nació con algún problema cardiaco? What was it?Qué pasó? When was it treated?Cuándo recibió tratamiento? How was it treated? Cómo se le trató? Have you had rheumatic fever?Ha tenido fiebre reumática? – When?Cuándo? Have any heart problems resulted from the rheumatic fever? Le han resultado enfermedades del corazón a causa de la fiebre reumática?

10 Past medical historyHistoria medica Have you ever been told you had a heart murmur? Alguna vez se le ha dicho que tenía un soplo cardiaco? Who told you about it?Quién se lo dijo? When did you find out about it? Cuándo se enteró de esto? How was it treated?Cómo fue tratado? Do you have any of the following conditions? Tiene alguna de las siguientes enfermedades? High blood pressure? (la) presion arterial alta? High cholesterol? (el) colesterol alto? Diabetes mellitus?(la) diabetes melitus? Heart failure?(la) falla cardiaca?

11 Past medical historyHistoria medica Have you ever had __________? Ha tenido allguna vez__________? A heart attack Un ataque cardiaco A cardiac catheterization Una cateterización cardiaca A stent placed Se le insertó alguna vez un stent An angioplasty Una angioplastía Any type of heart surgery Algun tipo de cirugia cardiaca A pacemaker inserted Insertó alguna vez un marcapasos A defibrillator inserted Insertó alguna vez un desfibrilador When was the disorder first diagnosed? Cuándo se le diagnosticó por primera vez este trastorno? How is it treated? Cómo se trato? How has it affected your lifestyle? Cómo ha afectado su estilo de vida?

12 MedicationsMedicamentos What prescription medications do you take? ¿Qué medicamentos bajo receta toma? What are they for?Para qué son? What OTC do you take? Qué medicamentos de venta libre toma? How often do you take them? Con cuánta frecuencia los toma? What herbal remedies do you take?Qué remedios a base de hierbas toma? How often do you take them? Con cuanta frecuencia los toma? What illicit drugs do you use?Qué drogas ilícitas usa? How often do you use them?Con cuánta frecuencia las usa? Are you allergic to any medications? Es alérgico(a) a algún medicamento?

13 Social HistoryHistoria Social Lifestyle Questions about lifestyle factors are central to any cardiovascular assessment. These questions discuss tobacco use, alcohol use, sleep patterns, exercise habits, and more. Do you smoke or chew tobacco? ¿Ud. fuma o masca tabaco? What do you smoke?Qué fuma? Cigarettes? Cigarrillos? Cigars? Cigarros (puros)? Pipes? Pipas? How long have you smoked or chewed tobacco? Por cuanto tiempo ha fumado?

14 Social HistoryHistoria Social Do you drink alcoholic beverages? Toma bebidas alcoholicas? What type?Qué clase? Beer? Cerveza? Wine? Vino? Hard liquor? Aguardiente? How often do you drink? Con qué frecuencia bebe Ud.? How many drinks per day? Cuántos tragos bebe al día? Did you drink more frequently in the past? Bebía más frecuentemente en el pasado? Did you stop drinking? Dejó de beber?

15 El Corazon


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