1. SMALL GROUP TEACHING

2. By the end of this session you would be able to : 1- describe different types of small group 2- describe the role of the teacher in planning small group activity 3- Organize a session in small group teaching

3. What is a small group ?

4. Is a collection of several learners who interact and work together to achieve common learning goals

5. Teaching small groups 1- Students can negotiate meanings, express themselves in the language of the subject, and establish closer contact with academic staff than more formal methods permit. 2- Discussion can also develop the more instrumental skills of listening, presenting ideas, persuading, and working as part of a team.

6. 3-Discussion in small groups can or should give students the chance to monitor their own learning and thus gain a degree of self direction and independence in their studies.

7. Small group teaching takes many forms including : seminars, tutorials, workshops, journal clubs, action learning sets, problem-based learning groups, clinical problem solving, role play and case presentations

8. Small group teaching can be built around: * Topics or themes, e.g. evidence-based practice, asthma, chronic lung conditions * Clinical cases (actual patients or case notes), e.g. Mrs X presents …with …. * Clinical or community-based problems, e.g. problem-based learning, a child with a wheeze *Situations, e.g. critical incident or significant event analysis * Tasks or skills, e.g. X-ray meetings, clinical audit, examination of cardiovascular system.

9. -Theres nothing the typical medical student relies on more for their self-esteem than knowing the answerand being smart -Pimping will inevitably be humiliating so long as students arent comfortable with not knowing the answer.

10. Tuckman model of group process

11. Practical arrangements Practical arrangements

12. Small Group Teaching: Running the Session Your role: prepare the general plan for the session set the tone for the session pay attention to the environment encourage participation keep the discussion on track time management

13. *Leading a group discussion will need to consider both the configuration of the group and your own behavior.

14. * Listening becomes a problem when the students regard you as an expert or you engage with one or two of the more vocal students rather than the whole group.

15. Teachers serve much better in the Role of Translators than of Transmitters

16. Characteristics of effective groups - All contributions are received positively - One person speaks at a time - No ridicule or humiliation - No question is considered stupid - Responsibility and rewards are shared by the group

17. Characteristics of ineffective groups The facilitator gives a lecture The facilitator talks more than the learners Learners are reluctant to speak, and do so only when individually called upon One learner dominates the discussion Learners want immediate solutions rather than discussion

18. Maximizing group participation -Stop talking -Actively listen -Use names, make eye contact -Check in with quieter members -Control dominant/disruptive members -Be enthusiastic

19. More structure, less intervention

20. Closing - Summarize what was learned (or ask learners to) -Identify unmet needs and assign tasks -Share with the group what you learned -Plan for the next session

21. Benefits of learning in small groups : allowing students to discover and engage with a range of perspectives, ideas, and backgrounds providing students the opportunity for more active involvement

22. Benefits of learning in small groups : assisting students to clarify their attitudes to and ideas about the subject matter, as they test their own ideas and attitudes against those of others helping students develop a sense of academic rigour and a willingness to share ideas

23. Benefits of learning in small groups : providing opportunities for students to receive more immediate feedback on their learning encouraging students towards selfdirected and independent learning providing more opportunities for peer learning and sharing responsibility for learning

24. Benefits of learning in small groups : providing opportunities for students to more easily gain awareness of their emotional reactions providing opportunities for students to learn and develop cooperative behaviour including critical thinking and the process of group problem solving

25. Benefits of learning in small groups : more easily establishing rapport between teacher and student providing more opportunity to develop skills in communication (listening, responding, interacting) and interpersonal relations

26. Group round

27. Buzz Group With larger groups a break is often needed: x To provide a stimulating change in the locus of attention x For you to gain some idea of what the students know x For the students to check their own understanding.

29. Snowball groups

30. Fishbowls

31. Circular questioning

32. Crossover groups

33. Horseshoe groups