1. Arduinos in the Ham Shack
James Michener K9JM
k9jm.com

2. DO NOT TAKE NOTES!!! This presentation will be available at

3. This talk will… Answer these questions
Landscape – (30,000 foot view)
What is an Ardunio?
Why Arduino?
How do you program them?
What have other hams done with Ardunios?
What has the author done with Ardunios?
What advice to newbies?
What could I do with an Arduino?

4. Landscape of computers
BIG COMPUTERS:
Super computers – eg IBM Watson
Cluster computers – eg Server Farms
Server computers
Desktop computers – eg Win 7 / Mac
Tablets / Smart phones
NOT THE TOPIC OF THIS PAPER

5. Landscape of computers
We will frame the Arduino in the landscape of small computers
Embedded Linux
Micro controllers  Arduino
Nano controller
Attributes:
Dedicated function
Limited extensive graphical user interface
Often communications oriented

6. Key Concept OPEN SOURCE HARDWARE
Building block of fully disclosed hardware and enabling software that permits anyone from putting the blocks together in new forms and advanced functionality.

7. Embedded Linux Small console based Linux devices Commercial Examples:
Set-top boxes
Cable/DSL Routers
WiFi access units
Technology:
ARM Processor – 32 bit 500MHz – 1.5GHz
Large Flash based storage
DDR memory >64megs

8. Embedded Linux Open Source Hardware Examples:
Beagle Bone --
Beagle Board --
Raspberry Pi --
These are the Arduino “big brother”

9. Beagle Bone 750MHz ARM Micro SD Flash up to 16GB 256 Megs of memory
4 Serial Ports
100 base-T Ethernet
12bit A/D converter
USB – host / client
Runs most Linux distros
Draws less than a watt at 5 volts
Many GPIO lines
$79 dollars on amazon

10. Beagle Bone Ham shack applications: Complex web services
Apache, NTP, sendmail …
Expandable with “capes”
Serial, VGA, Prototype, camera, weather, audio, wi-fi, radar, touch screen LCD, GPS
Programmable in any language supported by Linux… which is any language on this planet. Fortran, C, C++, python, lisp, Java.....

11. Beagle Bone Weak in: Slow in bit manipulation
Requires proficiency in Linux to get to to get started
Poor low level library support: eg
GPIO
I2C / SPI
Interrupts
Timers

12. Nano controllers Arduino smaller brother Small limited I/O
Single special interface
1K or less program, 256 or less RAM
Typical applications
Remote keyless entry
“Smart” keys / RF ID tags
Timers
Remote Control
Small appliances
Keyers -- K1EL

13. The micro controller Technology Commercial examples
8 or 16 bit technology
8K to 256K flash
1K to 64K RAM
Multiple interfaces
10 to 100 Million instructions per second
Commercial examples
Thermostats
Major appliances – Microwave, washing machine, dish washer
Intelligent remote controls

14. Arduino competition Sierra Radio - HamStack Parallax / Basic Stamp
PIC processor based. 64MHz 64K Flash 3K RAM $60
Parallax / Basic Stamp

15. ‘Larger’ Arduinos ARM base processors Examples
32 bit processor / ~100MHz
More RAM / More flash / more money
Built in Ethernet MAC
Examples
Netduino -
Arduino Due ( real soon now)

16. What is ARDUNIO?? Designed as a teaching tool
Masters thesis project (2005)
Names after Massimo Banzi favorite college bar .. Bar di Re Arduino.
Names after King Arduin, 1002
Goals:
Get going FAST
Students up and running after one class
Low cost modern processor - $25
‘Open source hardware’
Standard expansion interface ..”shield”

17. What Arduino gives the user
General purpose micro controller
Large library to interface most anything
Hundreds of ‘open source’ shields
Low cost of entry
Free development tools on any platform
Many development environments

18. Ardunio Today
Today:
Dozens of Companies Making Arduino Products and compatible “shields”
More than 200,000 boards per month
More than 100,000 developers
Available World Wide
Used by thousands of colleges / universities
Rapid growth
Large library of routines
Available everywhere… even Radio Shack

19. Companies making Arduino

20. Companies making Arduino
The ORIGINAL:
I like to support the Ardunio guys, so they will continue to innovate.

21. What is the Arduino Processor
There are two processors:
Small = Arduino Uno = ATmega328
Large = Arduino Mega = ATmega2560
Common properties:
16MHz Clock – Single clock per instruction, no FPU
8 bit data / 16 bit ( 2 byte) instruction
On chip Flash with protected “boot sector”
10 bit A/D – 15 KHz sampling rate
40ma I/O pins - 1.8v to 5.5v operation
I2C and SPI interface
Multiple ‘Analog out’ using 8 bit PWM
Watchdog Timer
Low Power Modes
Internal / External oscillator

22. ATmega328 = Uno Features 32K of Program / Data Flash 2K of SRAM
1K of EEPROM
1 Hardware Serial Port
2 External Interrupts
14 GPIO Digital Lines
6 channel analog multiplexer
3 Timers
1 Analog comparator
14 Digital I/O Pins

23. Atmega2560 = ‘Mega’ Features
256K of Program / Data Flash
8K of SRAM
4K of EEPROM
4 Hardware Serial Ports
5 SPI & 1 I2C
5 external interrupts
16 channel analog multiplexer
6 Timers
4 Analog compare
54 Digital I/O pins

24. Arduino Boards Contain
USB to serial interface
Automatic switching power supply switching between USB and external
Regulator for external power
Expansion connectors for a shield
Power LED
Program controlled LED

25. Arduino Uno Board
2.7 x 2.2 inches

26. Arduino Mega Board
4.0 x 2.2 inches

27. Arduino Variants There are hundreds of variants of each
Different power supplies
Different serial interfaces (RS-232 etc)
Adding other features to the CPU board
Ethernet
Ethernet + POE
Motor controllers

28. The Power of open source
The real ‘power’ of Ardunio:
Libraries – all the common stuff is done
Shields – Add anything else – comes with libraries
Simplified Development System

29. Basic Libraries Bootloader General Purpose I/O – “Wires” A/D converter
Interrupts
Interrupt driven hardware serial
PWM – Analog output
Time / Delay
Timers

30. Shields - Hundreds There are hundreds of different shields
They all come with their own example code and library. A great “starting point”

31. Shields - Examples Ethernet – Wired / WiFi Text – LCD displays
Graphic LCD display
Touch screens
Weather shields
Motor/ stepper motor driver
LED / Light Controllers
Relay Interfaces
Compass
GPS
Prototype shields

32. Simplified Development Environment
Up and running fast
Universal way to show examples

33. Programming Language GNU GCC – C, C++, assembly
Currently avr gcc (2008)
Inline assembly
Templates
GCC full C++ 11 available
Price = $0.00

34. Visual Studio + Visual Micro http://www.visualmicro.com/
Serious IDE
Free add on for Visual Studio
You can get VS IDE for Free
Excellent

35. Eclipse & Arduino plugin http://arduino.cc/playground/Code/Eclipse
Free
Complex Setup
our-first-avr-project-in-eclipse/

36. AVR Studio http://www.atmel.com/microsite/avr_studio6/
Free VS IDE and use Visual Micro
Not Arduino
Free

37. Arduino in the Hamshack What Other’s have done
WA5ZNU’s
Waterfall display
Cascata
Talks was Saturday at Pacificon

38. nanoKeyer http://radioartisan.wordpress.com/arduino-cw-keyer/
K3NG -- Goody
Does Morse and Hellscreiber
K1EL Emulation
Keyboards, LCD
… and much more
Arduino Uno based

39. DTMF Signaling Mike Szczys
Google “arduino ham radio” and get a million other examples.

40. K9JM -- Your’s truly Example for the rest of the paper
CI-V Router – Web based ++++
NTP locked station clock
General purpose Control Panel
Keyer -- Very special - ARRL CP Runs
Auto tune a Johnson KW Matchbox

41. Necessity – Mother of invention
There is a Gremlin in my ham shack!
It is the Icom CI-V bus, a one wire serial protocol bus.
Contest program ( eg N1MM )
+ Icom PW-1
+ Icom IC-756Pro2 =
COLLISION = HAVOC

42. Complain to Icom… and
Do not do it!

43. Search the Web for a solution
Found that hundreds of people have the same problem
Larry, K8UT had tore into the problem

44. My idea … a CI-V Message Router

45. How to build it?
Go to Dayton 2011, someone suggests, what about an Arduino. First time I heard the word.
Found that the Arduino Mega256 has 4 serial ports and a library for buffered/interrupt hardware I/O
“All” I have to do is write the message handler. It’s just software…
Bought the Mega and a proto ‘shield’.
Programmed a “CI-V” sniffer in 10 minutes

46. Started writing the CI-V Router
As a “first” project, this is VERY aggressive.
Code in a dozen modules, needed a better IDE. Discovered Visual Micro + Visual Studio.
Posted the code and schematics on my web page. Four people build one. Many requests for finished solution.

47. The K9JM CI-V Router

48. Six Months later
More than 50 units sold world wide Another 50 who have rolled their own Growing list of features Word of mouth marketing Hundreds of pages of documentation

49. Wow that was easy…. Now what?
I was in love… what other things are out there?

50. A CI-V Router for my station
Tricked out with added features
Band decoding  Antenna Selection
Ham Shack Power Control Center
Ethernet control / Ethernet Reporting
Station battery monitoring and charge controller

51. Feature: Band decoding
Router knows the frequency.
Map Frequency to Antenna Selection.
Resolution = 1KHz
Decode to drive an Array Solution Six Pak
Software module available for the CI-V Router

52. Feature: Ham shack power control
Qty 10 switchable amp output to turn on and off accessories, or AC power relays.

53. Feature: Ethernet
Using either simple HTML commands, or by serving simple web pages… do the following:
Observe and control of ham shack power
Observe and control of radio

54. Exposed to World…
link available at

55. Available on “my” VPN

56. Arduino and Ethernet Simple serial like interface
Supports a limited number of connections - four
Easy to do simple clients
Easy to do simple single connection servers
Easy to simple HTML Get/Put exchanges
Difficult to do complex things.
Not Apache.
Not easily multi-tasking
Not much RAM available = slow or small

57. Arduino and Ethernet
Using HTML protocol plus small GET/PUT commands, plus serving small web pages gives powerful simple control over a small device.
Small web pages are great for mobile/tablet browsing.
Architectural Concept:
Use a Beaglebone / Linux host Apache server to route/present the Arduino based devices.

58. Low cost Ethernet Interfaces
Arduino combo boards
Wiznet W5100 controller

59. Low cost Ethernet Interfaces
Arduino Ethernet Shield
Both have built in Micro SD Flash interfaces for complex web pages

60. Low cost Ethernet Ingerfaces
Microchip ENC28J60
Very low cost, simple 100 base T Ethernet interface
Hint:
Mdfly.com ( Richmond, CA ) has many low cost modules

61. Arduino soft control panel

62. Arduino soft control panel
Ethernet
Four serial ports to communicate with other devices… eg antenna rotator, 160m inverted L antenna tuner
Keyer
Menu driven control, knob/push button interface
When “inactive” it is an NTP synchronized station clock.

63. Question:
What should one use to communicate between pieces of equipment in your ham shack?
RS-232
RS-422
Ethernet
Wire per function
Wish there was standard and protocol.
In technology; never bet against Ethernet

64. Auto tuning: Johnson KW Matchbox

65. Auto tuning: Johnson KW Matchbox

66. Auto tuning: Johnson KW Matchbox
External Arduino controller.
Speaks I2C to motor driver / positional feedback .. Mounts on back of tuner
12V NEMA stepper motors degrees/step
When power is removed, operator can turn knobs
Frequency based tuning table
Fine tweak with SWR measurement.

67. Auto tuning: Johnson KW Matchbox
Prototype Arduino auto tuning controller
Arduino Uno
LCD Display with push button controls

68. Simple Keyer
K6YR / K6KPH / K9JM shares W6OWP’s ARRL West Coast Code Proficiency Runs
Keyer with crystal controlled speed accuracy
Perfect control / synchronization with a computer
Seamlessly speed changes – on the fly
ARRL “Official” Farnsworth Spacing
Solution – Arduino Uno using the hardware timer interrupt library.

69. 366 Arduino Books Arduino Cookbook Arduino Internals
Collection of projects and examples, largely from the internet
Arduino Internals
Experts guide, hints and tricks

70. 22,538 C programming books Head First C K & R C programming 101
THE reference manual for C
Not a teaching text
"A C program is like a fast dance on a newly waxed dance floor by people carrying razors.“ - Waldi Ravens.

71. 5,774 C++ books Bjarne Stroustrup Warning Reference manual
Not a teaching text
Warning
“C let's you easily shoot in your foot, C++ let's you reuse the bullet.”