2. Mark Wilson Infrastructure Architect/Technology lead for Windows Server 2008 and Hyper-V, Fujitsu Services markw@markwilson.co.uk http://www.markwilson.co.uk/blog/

3. A community for everyone who is interested in Microsoft's Windows Server technologies - especially Windows Server 2008 Formed in 2007 – just getting started Have run a few events – more to come Find out more (join us!) at http://winserverteam.org.uk/ http://winserverteam.org.uk/

4. Microsoft’s virtualisation platform {for the Enterprise}

5. What is virtualization virtualisation? Hyper-V architecture Installation of Hyper-V Management of Hyper-V Questions? (and hopefully some answers!) Stop Press! Whilst I was writing this presentation, Microsoft made a Hyper-V release candidate (RC) available. As a consequence, the contents of this presentation are based on the beta release – there may be some variations for RC (and RTM) releases.

6. UK090922LT Fujitsu-Siemens S7210 Intel Core 2 Duo T7500 (2.2GHz) 4GB RAM (joined to my organisation’s Active Directory) Full installation (x64) UK090922VM3 Server core installation (x64) UK090922VM2 32-bit legacy installation

7. The technologies {and the opportunity}

8. “ Virtualization essentially lets one computer do the job of multiple computers, by sharing the resources of a single computer across multiple environments. […] In essence, virtualization lets you transform hardware into software. Use software […] to transform or “virtualize” the hardware resources of an x86-based computer – including the CPU, RAM, hard disk and network controller – to create a fully functional virtual machine that can run its own operating system and applications just like a “real” computer. Multiple virtual machines share hardware resources without interfering with each other so that you can safely run several operating systems and applications at the same time on a single computer ” [Source: VMware website, March 2008]VMware website

9. Server consolidation Business Continuity Flexibility Utilisation

10. Computerworld “Although virtualization has been the buzz among technology providers, only 6% of enterprises have actually deployed virtualization on their networks, said Levine, citing a TWP Research report. That makes the other 94% a wide-open market.” The Rise of the Virtual Machine and the Real Impact It Will Have “We calculate that roughly 6% of new servers sold last year were virtualized and project that 7% of those sold this year will be virtualized and believe that less than 4% of the X86 server installed base has been virtualized to date. Pat Gelsinger, Intel VP Sept. 2007 “Only 5% of servers are virtualized.”

11. Information Week Oct. 2007 “The [virtualisation field] is nowhere near saturated. IDC estimates that only 17% of the worldwide server market will be virtualised by 2010, up from 5% in 2005.”

12. Cost Complexity Management Virtual sprawl Single point of failure Integration with physical infrastructure Software licensing and support Hardware Performance Political Security Concerns

13. Management ServerVirtualisation DesktopVirtualisation ApplicationVirtualisation PresentationVirtualisation

14. Scalable, performant {and secure}

15. Hypervisor-based virtualisation platform x64 - not x86 Role for Windows Server 2008 (full or server core) Standard, Enterprise and Datacenter Editions SKUs available with and without Hyper-V Standalone product: Microsoft Hyper-V Server Standards based Hardware requirements: Hardware assisted virtualisation (AMD-V or Intel VT) Hardware enabled Data Execution Prevention (DEP): AMD NX (No eXecute bit) Intel XD (eXecute Disable)

16. Hosted virtualisation VMware Workstation, VMware (GSX) Server, Fusion. Parallels Desktop (Linux) KVM Microsoft Virtual PC, Virtual Server Hypervisor virtualisation VMware ESX (Server), ESXi (3i) Xen Hyper-V VMM Guest 1 Guest 2 Host OS VMM Guest 1 Guest 2 Hardware

17. Scheduler Memory management VM State machine Storage stack Network stack Virtualised devices Binary translation Drivers Management API

18. Windows Server 2008 VSP Windows Kernel Applications Non-hypervisor Aware OS Windows Server 2003/2008 Windows Kernel VSC VMBus Emulation “Designed for Windows Server” Hardware Hyper-V Xen-enabled Linux Kernel Linux VSC Hypercall Adapter Parent PartitionChild Partitions VM Service WMI Provider VM Worker Processes Operating System ISV/IHV/OEM Hyper-V Microsoft/Citrix (XenSource) User Mode Kernel Mode Provided by: Ring -1 IHV Drivers VMBus

19. 32-bit (x86) and 64-bit (x64) virtual machines Large memory support (>32 GB) within VMs SMP VMs Integrated cluster support for quick migration and HA Volume shadow service integration for data protection Pass-through disk access for VMs Virtual machine snapshots New hardware sharing architecture (VSP/VSC/VMBus) Robust networking: VLANs and NLB DMTF standard for WMI management interface Support for full or server core installations

20. All child partitions are untrusted Root must be trusted by hypervisor; parent must be trusted by children Code in guests can run in all available processor modes, rings, and segments Hypercall interface will be well documented and widely available to attackers All hypercalls can be attempted by guests It is possible to detect that you are running on a hypervisor The internal design of the hypervisor will be well understood

21. No sharing of virtualized devices Separate VMBus to the parent for each child partition No sharing of memory Each virtual machine has its own address space VMs cannot communicate with each other, except through traditional networking Guests can’t perform DMA attacks because they’re never mapped to physical devices Guests cannot write to the hypervisor Even the parent partition cannot write to the hypervisor

22. Providing solutions for both planned and unplanned downtime Planned downtime Quickly move virtualized workloads to service underlying hardware – “quick migration” More common than unplanned Unplanned downtime Automatic failover to other nodes (hardware or power failure) – “live migration” Not as common and more difficult

23. 1. Save state Save entire VM state 2. Move virtual machine Move storage connectivity from origin to destination host 3. Restore state and run Restore VM and run DoneVHDs Network Connectivity SAN Storage

24. One more role {on Windows Server 2008}

25. Windows Server 2008 {full installation}

26. Windows Server 2008 {server core installation}

27. {virtual} Reality

28. If you start with a physical mess and virtualise it, you will end up with a virtual mess Management is vital Technology, people and process Taming the virtual world: Inventory Provisioning Lifecycle Capacity Metadata

29. Hyper-V Manager

31. WMI and PowerShell

33. A centralized management application solution for the virtual data center VM VMVM Maximize Resources Centralized virtual machine deployment and management Centralized virtual machine deployment and management Intelligent placement of virtual machines Intelligent placement of virtual machines Fast and reliable Physical to Virtual (P2V) and Virtual to Virtual (V2V) conversion Fast and reliable Physical to Virtual (P2V) and Virtual to Virtual (V2V) conversion Comprehensive service-level enterprise monitoring with Microsoft ® Operations Manager Comprehensive service-level enterprise monitoring with Microsoft ® Operations Manager Increase Agility Rapid provisioning of new and virtual machines with templates and profiles Rapid provisioning of new and virtual machines with templates and profiles Centralized library of infrastructure components Centralized library of infrastructure components Take advantage and extend existing storage infrastructure Take advantage and extend existing storage infrastructure Allow for delegated management of virtual machines Allow for delegated management of virtual machines Take Advantage of Skills Familiar interface, common foundation Familiar interface, common foundation Monitor physical and virtual machines from one console Monitor physical and virtual machines from one console Fully scriptable using Windows PowerShell™ Fully scriptable using Windows PowerShell™

34. LiveThumbnailLiveThumbnail Host Groups GroupsHost CentralizedLibraryCentralizedLibrary Virtual Machine Views Views Context- Sensitive Actions Actions DelegatedControlDelegatedControl

35. Release candidate 0 available now, along with management tools for Vista SP1 Final version within 180 days of Windows Server 2008 RTM date vNext beta with Hyper- V support available now Due to ship later this year Includes support for managing VMware ESX

36. Operations Manager Server Operations Manager Server Virtual Machine Manager Server Virtual Machine Manager Server Connector Windows PowerShell Self Service Web Portal Administrator’s Console Virtual Center Server VM Management Interfaces SAN Storage VM VMM Library Server VMM Library Server VM Template ISOScriptVHD Operator’s Console Web Console Windows PowerShell VMware VI3 ESX Host VM

37. Hyper-V: Microsoft’s new enterprise virtualisation platform Would you rather have 100% of VMware Virtual Infrastructure’s features (at a price), or 90% of the functionality (for much less)? There are some good built-in management tools, but SCVMM completes the picture (and is useful for multi-server deployments). In general: When many machines are consolidated, clustering becomes critical Promote standardisation by providing a library of pre-built VMs Use desired configuration management processes to trap and correct drift Remember that VMs still need to be patched, even when they are turned off Be prepared for support arrangements and license management to become more complex

38. Microsoft virtualisation website: http://www.microsoft.com/virtualization/ http://www.microsoft.com/virtualization/ Hyper-V featured resources: http://technet2.microsoft.com/windowsserver2008/en/servermanager/ virtualization.mspx http://technet2.microsoft.com/windowsserver2008/en/servermanager/ virtualization.mspx How to install Hyper-V: http://www.microsoft.com/windowsserver2008/en/us/hyperv- install.aspx http://www.microsoft.com/windowsserver2008/en/us/hyperv- install.aspx VHD specification: http://www.microsoft.com/windowsserversystem/virtualserver/techinfo /vhdspec.mspx http://www.microsoft.com/windowsserversystem/virtualserver/techinfo /vhdspec.mspx Hyper-V WMI APIs: http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en- us/library/cc136992(VS.85).aspxhttp://msdn2.microsoft.com/en- us/library/cc136992(VS.85).aspx Hypercall API: http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?FamilyID=91E2E518 -C62C-4FF2-8E50-3A37EA4100F5&displaylang=en http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?FamilyID=91E2E518 -C62C-4FF2-8E50-3A37EA4100F5&displaylang=en

39. Windows Server Team UK: http://winserverteam.org.uk/http://winserverteam.org.uk/ My sites: markwilson.it (my blog): http://www.markwilson.co.uk/blog/http://www.markwilson.co.uk/blog/ “Virtual Reality” article: http://uk.fujitsu.com/POV/articles/2008/virtualisation/ http://uk.fujitsu.com/POV/articles/2008/virtualisation/ Some good virtualisation blogs: Windows virtualisation team: http://blogs.technet.com/virtualization/http://blogs.technet.com/virtualization/ Rakesh M (SCVMM): http://blogs.technet.com/rakeshm/http://blogs.technet.com/rakeshm/ John Howard: http://blogs.technet.com/jhoward/http://blogs.technet.com/jhoward/ Ben Armstrong: http://blogs.msdn.com/virtual_pc_guy/http://blogs.msdn.com/virtual_pc_guy/ Clive Watson: http://blogs.technet.com/clive_watson/http://blogs.technet.com/clive_watson/ Justin Zarb: http://blogs.technet.com/virtualworld/http://blogs.technet.com/virtualworld/ Andrew Dugdell: http://blog.windowsvirtualization.com/http://blog.windowsvirtualization.com/ Virtualization.info: http://www.virtualization.info/http://www.virtualization.info/ Not just virtualisation: James O’Neill: http://blogs.technet.com/jamesone/http://blogs.technet.com/jamesone/ Steve Lamb: http://blogs.technet.com/steve_lamb/http://blogs.technet.com/steve_lamb/ This slidedeck: http://cid-1453622c71a8a08e.skydrive.live.com/browse.aspx/Public http://cid-1453622c71a8a08e.skydrive.live.com/browse.aspx/Public

40. To find out more about Fujitsu and Microsoft’s industrialisation initiative – Accelerated Microsoft – visit http://uk.fujitsu.com/microsoft/http://uk.fujitsu.com/microsoft/

42. C This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Licence. For further details, please visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/uk/ cbnhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/uk/ © 2008, Mark Wilson.Mark Wilson Some rights reserved.