1. Metallic and Ionic Nanoparticles
Extendable Structures:
Melting Point, Color, Conductivity
Metallic and Ionic Nanoparticles Extendable Structures

2. Iron Nanoparticles
How many grams of iron powder would it take to present a surface area equal to that of 1 gram of nanoparticles? ______
How would iron nanoparticles affect the rate of TCE cleanup?
_____ liters of water can be cleaned by one gram of iron nanoparticles.
Why is the cleansing ability estimate such a wide range?

3. Iron Nanoparticles in Your Backyard

4. Iron Nanoparticles in Your Backyard Date of Test 12/01/02 1/06/03
2/03/03
Distance from Injection Well 1
TCE Concentration
ppb pH
TCE
Concentration
8 ft
(2.4 m)
41,000
6.92
100
7.87
160
8.51
10 ft
(3.6 m)
5,100
6.77 47
8.18 79
8.61
20 ft
(7.1 m)
7,400
6.91
690
7.08
610
7.17
Distance from Injection Well 2
0 ft
(0 m)
88,000
7.32 11
8.24 78
8.27
6 ft
(1.8 m)
76,000
6.9
420
8.52
730
7.91

5. Philosophical Chairs

6. High melting/boiling points
Physical Properties
What physical properties are affected by the size of the nanoparticles?
High melting/boiling points
Conductivity
Color

7. Changes in Physical Properties
Nanoparticles
Changes in Physical Properties
take place at
the surface!

8. Metallic Nanoparticles
What do these graphs tell us?

9. How many atoms make it macro?
Gold Nanoparticles
How many atoms make it macro?

10. 5 nm diameter gold nanoparticles
New already created image needs to be inserted.
5 nm diameter gold nanoparticles
The image represents nanoparticles in suspension.
All of them are the same size. Those that appear smaller are further away.
Metallic and Ionic Nanoparticles Extendable Structures

11. Ionic Nanoparticles
Adapted from F. G. Shi, J. Mater. Res., 1994, 9(5), ,reproduced in Nanoscale Materials in Chemistry, edited by Kenneth J. Klabunde, 2001, John Wiley & Sons, Inc, New York, NY

12. Metallic and Ionic Nanoparticles
Decreased melting points
Increased rates of some
chemical reactions
Increased surface area to volume
ratios of nanoparticles

13. Gold Particles Bulk Gold Nano Gold 2-3 mm diameter
gold beads in toluene
4-5 nm diameter gold
nanoparticles in toluene
Courtesy of Kansas State University

14. are reflected from a smooth silver
Metallic Macroparticles
All colors of light
are reflected from a smooth silver
surface
Some blue light is absorbed by a smooth gold surface

15. Metallic Nanoparticles
As the size of the nanoparticles decrease and
shapes change to include more edge and corner sites,
the ENERGY and MOTION of valence electrons change.

16. Metallic Nanoparticles
At the nano level
light interacts with surface electrons
electrons move in unison, forming waves
electron waves behave as if they were a single, charged particle, interacting with only specific wavelengths of light

17. Metallic Nanoparticles
As particle size decreases, electromagnetic radiation interacts with free electrons to absorb, reflect, or transmit different colors of light.
Larger Smaller
Gold
Silver
Color of lustrous
macro samples
Color transmitted
through stained
glass windows

18. electrons can be elevated to higher energy levels
Electrons in Metals
Electrons in Atomic Orbitals
“sea of electrons”
s, p, d, and f atomic orbitals
random motion
electrons can be elevated
to higher energy levels

19. As particle size decreases, conductivity decreases
Metallic Nanoparticles
As particle size decreases, conductivity decreases

20. Extendable Nanoparticles
How and why do the chemical
and physical properties
of nanosamples differ
from those of macrosamples
of the same substance?

21. Making Connections
Name three physical properties that are affected by surface energy?
How were the physical properties affected by surface energy?
What do you think is the difference between extendable and discrete nanoparticles?
Judy add new screenshot
Metallic and Ionic Nanoparticles Extendable Structures

22. Module Flow Chart Lesson 1.1 What is Nanoscience? What is Nanoscience?
Examine and Compare size: macro, micro, sub-micro (nano)
SI prefixes
Lesson 1.2 What Makes Nanoscience so Different?
What makes Nanoscience so different?
Compare Newtonian and Quantum Chemistry Regimes as they relate to nanoscale science
Lesson 1.3 What Makes Nanoscience so Important?
Interdisciplinary science
The development of new technologies and instrumentation applications whose risk and benefits have yet to be determined
Poster Assessment
Students will further investigate the essential question that they have considered throughout the module: How and why do the chemical and physical properties of nanosamples differ from those of macrosamples?
Lesson 2.1 Extendable Solids
As the size of the sample decreases the ratio of surface particles to interior particles increases in ionic and metallic solids
Lesson 2.2 Extendable Solids: Reactivity, Catalysis, Adsorption
The difference between the energy at the surface atoms and energy of the interior atoms results in increased surface energy at the nanoscale
Higher surface energy allowing for increased reactivity, adsorption and catalysis at the nanoscale
Lesson 2.3
Extendable Structures: Melting Point, Color Conductivity
In Extendable Structures:
Melting point decreases because surface energy increases
Color changes because electron orbital changes with decreased particle size
Electrical conductivity decreases because electron orbital changes with decreased particle size
Lesson 3.1
Carbon Chemistry
Lesson 3.2
Fullerenes and Nanotubes