1. ECB (ELECTRONICALLY CONTROLLED BRAKE) SYSTEM
General
Basic construction and operation is same as LS460
Regenerative Brake Cooperative Control Function
Basic construction and operation is same as LS460.
The LS600h has as the GS450h a Regenerative Brake Cooperative Control Function:
Regenerative brake consists of a resistance force that is generated at the rotational axle in the reverse direction of the rotation of the generator (MG2) that is generating electricity. The greater the generated amperage (battery charging amperage), the greater will be the resistance force.
The drive axle and MG2 are joined mechanically. When the drive wheels rotate MG2 and cause it to operate as a generator, a regenerative brake force of MG2 is transmitted to the drive wheels. This force is controlled by the THS II, which controls the generation of electricity.
The regenerative brake cooperative control does not rely solely on the braking force of the hydraulic brake system to supply the brake force required by the driver. Instead, by effecting cooperative control with the THS II, this control provides a joint braking force provided by the regenerative brake and the hydraulic brake. As a result, this control minimizes the loss of the kinetic energy associated with the normal hydraulic brake, and recovers this energy by converting it into electrical energy.

2. ACTIVE STABILIZER SUSPENSION SYSTEM
Overall
Enhanced cornering ability to decrease an amount of roll by controlling twist of the front / rear stabilizer bars for the vehicle posture control during cornering
To decrease rolling angle during cornering
To change steering characteristic by driving conditions
Active stabilizer suspension system is equipped for all models except VIP??? Package model as STD.
This system controls an amount of roll.
AVS (Adoptive Variable Suspension System) controls a speed of roll
: Stabilizer bar effect
: Active stabilizer suspension system effect

3. ACTIVE STABILIZER SUSPENSION SYSTEM
HV Battery Unit
DC/DC Converter for EPS and Active stabilizer
Main Components
Air Suspension ECU
Rear Active Stabilizer ECU
Steering Control ECU
Rear Active Stabilizer Actuator
Skid
Control ECU
Front Active Stabilizer Actuator
Front Active Stabilizer ECU
Damping Mode Select Switch

4. ACTIVE STABILIZER SUSPENSION SYSTEM
Major Difference from GS450h
LS600hL/LS600h
GS450h
Power Supply
HV Battery
Excusive Battery
Drive Voltage of Active Stabilizer Actuator
AC 46 V (Step down HV battery nominal voltage)
AC 14 V (Battery voltage)
DTC 
Some DTCs are newly added and discontinued
Output
CAN
SIL (Fr ECU)
Reset Memory
No required
Required
Active Test
Available
Data List
3 items are newly added
Test Mode
(System Check)
Reset memory
Reset the current value and compensation value of the exclusive battery

5. ACTIVE STABILIZER SUSPENSION SYSTEM
Steering Angle Sensor
Yaw Rate Sensor
Steering Control ECU
Suspension Control ECU
Deceleration Sensor
System Diagram
AC 46 V
AC 46 V
Front Active Stabilizer Actuator
Front Active Stabilizer Control ECU
Rear Active Stabilizer Control ECU
Rear Active Stabilizer Actuator
Motor
Motor
Motor Rotation Sensor
Motor Rotation Sensor
DC 46 V
DC/DC Converter [EPS /Active Stabilizer Suspension]
Function of Main Components
Front and Rear Active Stabilizer Control ECU: - Calculates the target twist angle of the active stabilizer actuator and actuates the active stabilizer actuator in accordance with the signals received from the sensors. - Converts the direct current from the DC/DC converter for EPS and active stabilizer suspension into three-phase alternating current. - Communicates with the front and rear active stabilizer control ECUs to keep optimally balancing the twist angles of both the front and rear active stabilizer actuators.
Front and Rear Active Stabilizer Actuator: Twist the stabilizer bar in accordance with the signals received from the active stabilizer control ECU, in order to control the roll angle of the vehicle.
DC/DC Converter for EPS and Active Stabilizer Suspension: Steps down the nominal voltage of the HV battery from DC 288V into DC 46 V and supplies electrical power to the active stabilizer control ECUs.
Steering Angle Sensor: Detects the steering angle of the steering wheel and transmits them to the active stabilizer control ECUs.
Yaw Rate Sensor: Detects the yaw rate and the longitudinal and lateral acceleration and deceleration of the vehicle body and transmits them to the active stabilizer control ECUs.
Steering Control ECU: Transmits VGRS actuator operating angle signals to the active stabilizer control ECUs.
Suspension Control ECU: Transmits the damping force mode (NORMAL, COMFORT or SPORT) signals to the active stabilizer control ECUs.
Damping Mode Select Switch
DC 288 V
Speed Sensors
Center Console Switch Module
HV Battery
Skid Control ECU
Driver Side Switch Module
Main Body ECU
Meter ECU
Multi-information Display
Master Warning Light
Buzzer
DLC3

6. ACTIVE STABILIZER SUSPENSION SYSTEM
Vehicle Roll Angle
Amount of twisting the stabilizer bar are controlled based on signals of actual turning angle of tire, vehicle speed, lateral acceleration, and AVS mode
OPERATING CONDITIONS
Shift position except “R” and “N” range
Vehicle speed is satisfied following condition
CHARACTERISTIC OF ROLL ANGLE
Lateral Acceleration
Vehicle Roll Angle ON
Active stabilizer system stops operation, when the following conditions occur:
Vehicle speed dropped to 5 km/h (3.2 mph)
Shift lever in “R” or “N” range
Malfunction occurred in this system or high-voltage circuit
OFF
5 km/h (3.2 mph)
20 km/h (12.5 mph)
Vehicle Speed
: with System
: without System

7. ACTIVE STABILIZER SUSPENSION SYSTEM
Active Stabilizer Actuator
Each stabilizer bar position is kept to the neutral position by the vehicle’s weight, when system is OFF
Each stabilizer bar position is not fixed, however is not free
Motor Short Relay is located in the active stabilizer actuator to fix each stabilizer bar position, when the malfunction occurs in this system
Motor Characteristic:
When the motor is driven from output side while having short circuit the motor terminal, the counter electromotive force is generated in the motor, and as result, it becomes difficult to rotate the motor.
CONDITIONS
ACTIVE STABILIZER ACTUATOR
[STABILIZER BAR CONDITIONS]
System OFF
Not fixed, not free
System ON
Not satisfied operating conditions
Fixed (Controlled by ECU)
Satisfied operating conditions
Active (Controlled by ECU)
In fail-safe
Fixed (Controlled by motor short relay)

8. ACTIVE STABILIZER SUSPENSION SYSTEM
Warning Message
System condition check by multi-information display
SYSTEM CONDITION
MULTI-INFORMATION DISPLAY
MASTER
WARNING LIGHT
NOTES
System Malfunction ON
Malfunction detected in this system
Diagnosis Mode
No DTC
OFF
System normal
Stored DTC
DTC stored in ECU
Diagnosis Mode: Using SST, connect terminals TC (13) and CG (4) of the DLC3.

9. SERVICE POINT (ACTIVE STABILIZER SUSPENSION SYSTEM)
Active Test
In active test mode, each active stabilizer control ECU operates each active stabilizer actuator automatically.
SELECT: CHASSIS > FRONT STABILIZER OR REAR STABILIZER > ACTIVE TEST
TESTER DISPLAY
TEST PART
CONTROL RANGE
DIAGNOSTIC NOTE
Stabilizer Check
Front active stabilizer actuator
The following operation is operated every one second automatically
Front side of the vehicle leans to the right
Keep above condition
Return normal
Front side of the vehicle leans to the left
Return normal again
If operation is prohibited through fail-safe control, Active Test cannot be performed
Rear active stabilizer actuator
Rear side of the vehicle leans to the right
Rear side of the vehicle leans to the left

10. SERVICE POINT (ACTIVE STABILIZER SUSPENSION SYSTEM)
Active Test
If Active Test does not operate, test mode DTCs are output
DTC FOR ACTIVE TEST
DTC NO.
DIAGNOSIS ITEMS
INSPECTION ITEMS
C194F
Operation of Static Test Mode is Incomplete (Test Mode DTC)
Test mode operation error
Steering angle sensor
C1950
Front Stabilizer Target Angle Not Attained (Test Mode DTC)
Active stabilizer actuators
Active stabilizer ECUs
Wire harness
C1951
Rear Stabilizer Target Angle Not Attained (Test Mode DTC)
If this system malfunction DTCs are already stored, test mode DTCs re not stored

11. SERVICE POINT (ACTIVE STABILIZER SUSPENSION SYSTEM)
Initialization and Calibration Items
After disconnecting auxiliary battery
PARTS
PROCEDURE
IF INITIALIZATION DOES NOT OPERATE, THE FOLLOWING FUNCTIONS ARE NOT WORKED
Steering Angle Sensor
Drive vehicle on a straight road at 35 km/h (22 mph) or more for 5 sec. or more
Active stabilizer control functions are not working (Roll angle may not decrease during cornering)

12. STEERING
Overall
Vehicle speed sensing type EPS system and VGRS system are used for all models as STD
MAJOR DIFFERENCE FROM LS460L / LS460, GS450h
LS600hL / LS600h
LS460L / LS460 (Model with VGRS/ 19-inch wheels)
GS450h
Steering Gear Type
Rack and Pinion 
Gear Ratio (Overall)
12.4 to 19.3
11.6 to 16.7
12.4 to 17.2
No. of Turns Lock to Lock
2.5 to 3.9
2.4 to 3.5
3.16
Drive Voltage of EPS Motor
AC 46 V (Step down HV battery voltage)
AC 46 V (Boost up Battery voltage)
AC 14 V (auxiliary battery voltage)
Power Supply Device
DC/DC Converter for EPS and Active Stabilizer
Boost Converter (for EPS) 
Rack assist type EPS is used
Mechanical construction of the steering gear unit and the VGRS actuator are the same as the LS460L / LS460 and GS450h.
Power tilt and power telescopic mechanism with memory function is used.

13. STEERING System Diagram AC 33 – 46 V DC 33 – 46 V DC 12 V DC 288 V
Steering Gear Unit
Rotation Angle
Sensor
EPS Motor
Torque Sensor
Lock Solenoid
System Diagram
VGRS Actuator
Motor
AC 33 – 46 V
Rotation Angle
Sensor
Steering Control ECU
Power Steering ECU
Parking Assist ECU
DC 33 – 46 V
DLC3
DC/DC Converter [EPS /Active Stabilizer Suspension]
HV ECU
EPS System
Power steering ECU, steering control ECU, steering angle sensor, skid control ECU, speed sensors, parking assist ECU (model with intelligent parking assist system), HV ECU and combination meter (PS warning light, multi-information display, master warning light and buzzer)
VGRS System
Steering control ECU, power steering ECU, suspension control ECU, yaw rate and deceleration sensor, skid control ECU, speed sensors, steering angle sensor, driving support ECU (model with pore-collision system) and combination meter (multi-information display, master warning light and buzzer)
Combination Meter
DC 12 V
DC 288 V
Auxiliary Battery
HV Battery
Skid Control ECU
Suspension Control ECU
Speed Sensors
Steering Angle Sensor
Yaw Rate Sensor
Driving Support ECU
Deceleration Sensor

14. STEERING Layout of Main Components HV Battery Unit
DC/DC Converter for EPS and Active stabilizer
Parking Assist ECU
Air Suspension ECU
Auxiliary Battery
Steering Control ECU
Power Steering ECU
Driving Support ECU
Skid Control ECU
HV ECU
Steering Gear Unit
Torque Sensor
EPS Motor
Rotation Angle Sensor
VGRS Actuator
Motor
Rotation Angle Sensor
Lock Solenoid

15. STEERING DC/DC Converter for EPS and Active Stabilizer
Usually, DC/DC converter steps down the HV battery voltage from DC 288 V to DC 46 V and supplies electrical power to the power steering ECU.
EPS Motor
High-voltage use permission signal
DC/DC CONVERTER [EPS /Active Stabilizer Suspension]
AC 46 V
HV ECU
Power Steering ECU
DC/DC converter supplies electrical power of DC 46 V to the Fr/Rr active stabilizer ECU in the same way.
HV Battery
DC 288 V
Step Down Circuit
Shut Down Circuit
DC 12V
Boost Converter Circuit
Auxiliary Battery
To Fr/Rr Active Stabilizer ECU
Boost Circuit

16. STEERING DC/DC Converter for EPS and Active Stabilizer
When there are any HV battery voltage problems, the DC/DC converter temporarily converts the auxiliary battery voltage from DC 12 V to approx. DC 33 V and supplies electrical power to the power steering ECU.
EPS Motor
High-voltage use permission signal
DC/DC CONVERTER [EPS /Active Stabilizer Suspension]
AC 46 V
AC 33 V
HV ECU
Power Steering ECU
However, during fail-safe operation, DC/DC converter does not supply electrical power to the Fr/Fr active stabilizer ECU.
When the DC/DC converter changes to the fail-safe operation mode, power steering ECU will output the DTC C1546 or C1562 and PS warning light illuminates. - C1546: Malfunction in HV ECU - C1562: DC / DC Converter PIG Power Supply Voltage
HV Battery
DC 288 V
Step Down Circuit
Shut Down Circuit
Auxiliary Battery
DC 12V
Boost Converter Circuit
To Fr/Rr Active Stabilizer ECU
Boost Circuit

17. SERVICE POINT (STEERING)
Initialization and Calibration for Steering System
*: Straight-ahead judgment conditions are required
EPS
VGRS
Initialization
Calibration
Battery reconnection * - 
Replacement
Power Steering ECU 
Steering Control ECU
Removal/installation, replacement or adjustment of steering system parts
Steering Gear Unit
Initialization and Calibration for Steering System is the same as the LS460L / LS460.
EPS System - Calibration: Means the rotation angle sensor value initialization and torque sensor zero point calibration
VGRS System - Initialization: Means the steering angle sensor initialization - Calibration: Means the actuator angle initialization and actuator angle adjustment - Relation pats for initialization and calibration: VGRS: Steering column, steering intermediate shaft, steering wheel (off-center)

18. REFERENCE

19. ACTIVE STABILIZER SUSPENSION SYSTEM
Active Stabilizer Actuator
DC brushless motor and reduction gear twist stabilizer bar on both sides
NOTE: Active stabilizer actuator is non-disassemble parts
Stator Coil
Rotor Gear
Reduction Mechanism (Strain Wave Gearing Mechanism)
Front Stabilizer Bar (LH)
The motor is high power output, brushless type motor that is driven by a voltage of 46 V.
Front
Front Stabilizer Bar (RH)
Brushless Motor
Motor Rotation Sensor (3 Hall ICs)

20. ACTIVE STABILIZER SUSPENSION SYSTEM
Active Stabilizer Actuator
Reduction mechanism
Both stabilizer bar shifts 2 teeth per wave generation 1 rotation
Front Stabilizer Bar (RH)
402 teeth
400 teeth
Front Stabilizer Bar (LH)
Reduction mechanism is the same as the mechanism for VGRS on LS460L/LS460.
Rotor Gear
Wave Generator
Flexible Gear
Circular Gear
Gear Ratio : 1/200

21. REFERENCE (ACTIVE STABILIZER SUSPENSION SYSTEM)
Reduction Mechanism
Construction
Stator Gear
Flexible Gear
Wave Generator
Ball Bearing is between flexible gear and wave generator
Meshing
Flexible gear is oval shaped by wave generator
NOTE: Indicate this is the reduction mechanism as VGRS system for GS430 example
View from stator gear side
(Steering wheel side)
Not meshing

22. REFERENCE (ACTIVE STABILIZER SUSPENSION SYSTEM)
Reduction Mechanism
Operation of strain wave gearing
Motor Shaft
Flexible Gear
(100 teeth)
Wave Generator
Ball Bearing
(Between flexible gear and wave generator)
Stator Gear
(102 teeth)
View from stator gear side
(Steering wheel side)

23. REFERENCE (ACTIVE STABILIZER SUSPENSION SYSTEM)
Reduction Mechanism
Operation of strain wave gearing
[Operation of strain wave gearing]
1. Flexible gear is flexed into an oval shape by wave generator
2. Flexible gear teeth meshes with stator gear teeth and driven gear
3. During wave generator rotation, the meshed area of the flexible gear and stator gear / driven gear moves in sequence
4. After the wave generator makes one turn, the flexible gear is shifted by 2 teeth because the flexible gear has 2 fewer teeth than the stator gear
5. The driven gear and flexible gear have the same number of teeth, so their rotational movements are identical
6. The flexible gear is shifted by 2 teeth = The driven gear shifted by 2 teeth (= Actuator output)
Stator gear fixed
View from stator gear side
(Steering wheel side)

24. STEERING VGRS Actuator
VGRS actuator is relocated and spiral cable is discontinued
Input
Strain Wave Gearing
Output
Motor
Lock Mechanism
VGRS actuator is relocated at pinion shaft. (On the EPS torque sensor)
By the relocation, spiral cable is discontinued.
Torque
Sensor
(for EPS)
Torsion Bar
Pinion Shaft

25. STEERING VGRS Actuator Strain wave gearing LS460 GS430
[ ]: Number of teeth
Stator Gear
[102]
Specification of the strain wave gearing is changed from GS430.
- Driven gear is changed from “output” to “input”
- Stator gear is changed from “input” to “output”
- Reduction Ratio of strain wave gearing is 51
Driven Gear
[100]
LS460
GS430
Flexible Gear
[100]