1. An Introduction ppt - Saurabh Mehta
Renewable Energy Technologies in Power Generation
An Introduction ppt
- Saurabh Mehta

2. Contents
Introduction
Wind Energy
Solar Energy

3. Contents
Introduction
Wind Energy
Solar Energy

4. Introduction
Renewable Energy – “any sustainable energy source that comes from natural environment.”
Some Aspects of Renewable Energy
It exists perpetually and in abundant in the environment
Ready to be harnessed, inexhaustible
It is a clean alternative to fossil fuels
“energy that is derived from natural process that are replenished constantly” -- defined by the RENEWABLE ENERGY WORKING PARTY of the INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

5. Introduction
Contribution of Renewable Energy in World Electricity Production

6. Introduction Major Renewable Energy Sources Hydro Energy Wind Energy
Solar Energy
Biomass Energy
Tidal Energy
Geothermal Energy
Wave Energy
Bio-fuel
Bagasse

7. Present Installed Capacity of Renewable Energy Sources in India
Wind
10200 MW
Small Hydro
2100 MW
Bagasse
750 MW
Biomass
620 MW
Solar
2 MW
Total RE Installed Capacity – MW
Source: Ministry of New & Renewable Energy Sources (MNRE)

8. Introduction
Solar Panels
Wind Turbine Generators

9. Contents
Introduction
Wind Energy
Solar Energy

10. Wind Energy - Technology
Differential heating of the earth’s surface and atmosphere induces vertical and horizontal air currents that are affected by the earth’s rotation and contours of the land and generates WIND.
A wind turbine obtains its power input by converting the force of the wind into a torque (turning force) acting on the rotor blades.
The amount of energy which the wind transfers to the rotor depends on the density of the air, the rotor area, and the wind speed.
PLF of Wind Farm is normally in the range of 20 % to 30% depending upon the site conditions and WTG rating.
P  Power
ρ  Air Density (kg/m3)
A  Blade Area -turbine (m2)
V  Wind velocity (m/s)
P = 0.5 X ρ X A X V3

11. Wind Energy - Technology
Major Components of Wind Turbine

12. Wind Energy – Present Scenario
Wind Power – Fastest growing renewable energy source
Globally, it grew at the average rate of 27 % pa over the past 10 years.
While in India it grew at the average rate of 33% over the past 9 years.
Presently, India is ranked 4th in the world in terms of Wind Energy Installed Capacity
Drivers of growth
Environmental Awareness and Sustainable Development
Growing Global Energy Demand
Improving Competitiveness of renewable energy
Security of Supply Concerns
New Markets (e.g. India, China etc)
Carbon Trading
Fiscal Benefits by Govt. (PTC, feed in tariffs, etc)

13. Contents
Introduction
Wind Energy
Solar Energy

14. Solar Energy - Technology
Solar power is by far the Earth's most available energy source, easily capable of providing many times the total current energy demand.
Solar power is the conversion of sunlight into electricity.
Two main commercial ways of conversion of sunlight into electricity.
Concentrating Solar Thermal Plant (CSP)
Photovoltaic Plants (PV)
CSP and PV both have their markets. PV is very successful in decentralized applications, whereas CSP offers advantages for central and large-scale applications. CSP power plants are the most cost-efficient way to generate and to store dispatch able CO2-free electricity. However, there is no competition between both. Rather, they have to be seen as complementary technologies.
PLF of CSP – In the range of 20 % to 30 %
PLF of PV – In the range of 15 % to 20 %

15. Solar Energy - Technology
Concentrating Solar Thermal Plant (CSP)
It contains;
Collector Field
Turbine
Generator
Cooling Tower
Transformer
Courtesy: ESP Solar

16. Solar Energy - Technology
Solar Photovoltaic Plants (PV)
It contains;
Solar Arrays
Inverter
Transformer

17. Solar Energy - Technology
In both CSP and PV technologies, solar resources plays major role.
Maps are available to calculate solar resource of a particular region. However, for both CSP and PV technologies different solar radiations are taken into account.
Basically two types of solar radiations are there;
Global Horizontal irradiations (GHI)
Direct Normal Irradiation (DNI)
For PV technologies GHI is considered. GHI
consists of diffuse radiations and direct
horizontal radiations (beam).
Minimum GHI – 1000 kwh/m2 pa
For CSP, DNI is considered. DNI
is the amount of radiation received by
a surface which is permanently aligned
perpendicular to the incoming beam.
Minimum DNI – 1900 kwh/m2 pa

18. Solar Energy - Technology
A typical DNI irradiation Map for India which is used to find a feasible site for CSP Plant.
A typical GHI irradiation Map for India which is used to find a feasible site for PV Plant.

19. Solar Energy – Current Scenario
The total installed capacity of solar power (Both CSP and PV) as of 2008 is 2826 MW.
In India the total installed capacity of solar power is around 2 MW.
In India, various government and private players have entered into CSP and PV markets.
MNRE has set a target to establish at least 50 MW of solar projects during the 11th plan.

20. Welcome to the
Renewable Enegy....
World of