1. Basic Nursing: Foundations of Skills & Concepts Chapter 19 REST AND SLEEP

2. Rest and Sleep The quality of rest and sleep have a significant impact on a clients health, including: Physical well-being. Mental Status. Effectiveness of coping mechanisms.

3. Rest A state of relaxation and calmness, both mental and physical.

4. Sleep A state of altered consciousness during which an individual experiences: Fluctuations in level of consciousness. Minimal physical activity. General slowing of bodys physiologic processes.

5. Sleep Cycle The sequence of sleep that begins with the four stages of NREM sleep followed by passage into the first REM stage.

6. Biological Clock An internal mechanism capable of measuring time in a living organism.

7. Factors Affecting Rest and Sleep Degree of Comfort. Anxiety. Environment. Lifestyle. Diet. Drugs and other substances. Age/Aging. Physical Factors.

8. Factors Affecting Sleep Physical or emotional pain. Loss of familiar surroundings. Loss of routine. Fear of the unknown. Loss of privacy. Timing of assessment, procedures and treatments. Intrusive lighting or equipment. Noise level.

9. Common Sleep Alterations Insomnia. Hypersomia. Narcolepsy. Sleep Apnea/Snoring. Sleep Deprivation. Parasomnia. Restless Leg Syndrome. Periodic Limb Movement Disorder.

10. Insomnia The inability to sleep or the inadequate quality of sleep resulting from sleep being prematurely ended or interrupted by periods of wakefulness. Treatment is best directed at modifying those factors or behaviors that are causing it.

11. Hypersomnia An alteration in sleep pattern characterized by excessive sleep, especially in the daytime. Treatment depends on addressing the underlying cause.

12. Narcolepsy Sudden uncontrollable urges to fall asleep during daytime. No cure, but symptoms can be controlled by taking short daytime naps, taking prescribed stimulant medications, or avoiding substances or activities that cause sleepiness.

13. Sleep Apnea/Snoring Sleep apnea is characterized by breathing pauses of 30 to 60 seconds during sleep, interspersed by loud snoring (noisy breathing during sleep). Treatment includes use of nasal and dental devices, and sometimes surgical intervention.

14. Sleep Deprivation Prolonged, inadequate quality and quantity of sleep. Treating or minimizing the causative factors is the most effective intervention.

15. Parasomnia Profoundly disturbed sleep due to behavioral or physiological events. Conditions include: Somnambulism (Sleepwalking). Sleeptalking. Night terrors. REM Movement Disorder.

16. Restless Leg Syndrome Uncomfortable sensations of tingling or crawling in the muscles and by twitching, burning, prickling, or deep aching in the foot, calf, or upper leg when at rest. Symptoms may be relieved by drug therapy.

17. Periodic Limb Movement Disorder A condition wherein the legs jerk every 20 to 40 seconds through the night. May be treated with drug therapy.

18. Nursing Interventions to Promote Rest and Sleep Trusting Nurse-Client Relationship. Relaxing Environment. Relaxation Techniques. Appropriate Nutrition. Pharmacological Interventions. Client Education.