1. Internet Timeline By Russell Brook

2. The Internet beginnings It was with the time-sharing of IBM computers in the early 60s at universities, people would share the same computer for their tasks. Sputnik! Also helped the internet to be more than a pipe dream, the Russian satellite was launched in 1957, President Eisenhower formed ARPA to advance computer networking and communication. It was in the early 1960s that people saw the great potential in allowing computers to share information. J.C.R. Licklider of MIT (Often referred to as the Father of the Internet), who first proposed a global network of computers (Galactic Network) in the year 1962, who later moved onto DARPA to research it. It was Mr Lawrence Roberts of MIT who first connected a Massachusetts computer with a computer in California in 1965, done over dial-up telephone lines.

3. The internet beginnings (continued) The Internet, back then known as ARPANET was brought online in the year 1969. It initially connected four computers at universities in the US (UCLA, Stanford Research Institute, UCSB, and the University of Utah). The early internet was used by scientists and computer experts, as it was an extremely complex system back then. The internet was also initially funded by the government, so it was limited to research, government and educational use. Who was the first to use the Internet? Charley Kline at UCLA sent the first packets on ARPANet as he tried to connect to Stanford Research Institute on Oct 29, 1969. The system crashed as he reached the G in LOGIN! 1984Domain Name System (DNS) introduced

4. As things like FTP and Email became standardized, regular people could begin to understand how to use it, thus websites began cropping up everywhere. As more library's and university's became online it got harder and harder to keep track of. A significant event happened in 1989 though, Tim Berners-Lee and others proposed a new protocol for information distribution, the World Wide Web. It happened in 1991, it was based on hypertext, a system of embedding links in text to link to other text. The internet beginnings (continued)

5. 1990s It was the 1990s that the internet really blew up. Tim Berners-Lee helped to invent the World Wide Web. He wrote a hypertext proposal (see next slide), the proposal was the solution to the technology that would allow collaboration between the physics community. He coined the term World Wide Web, writing the first World Wide Web server called httpd. He also wrote the first ever version of the HyperText Markup Language or HTML for short. In October of 1994, Tim Berners-Lee founded the World Wide Web Consortium, or W3C. The consortium develops technologies that help lead the web to its full potential and is still going strong even today. The Internet exploded into the mainstream with the release of the first popular web browser Mosaic in 1993.

6. This proposal concerns the management of general information about accelerators and experiments at CERN. It discusses the problems of loss of information about complex evolving systems and derives a solution based on a distributed hypertext system. – W3.org

8. This was the first image of the very first browser made by Tim-Berners-Lee on the NeXT computer.

9. Today Today, they are many, many forms of technology that regularly use the internet. A computer hooked up to the internet is usually the norm in todays households. We also complain about the internet being slow (ok then, me!), although only 15+ years ago it was dial up! Ahhh how I loved that sound. I was only young back then but I still remember connecting to the internet for the first time. Everywhere you look today, everyone has websites, businesses to even the regular home user. The internet is so accessible, they is even Wi-Fi Hotspots now where you can go, connect wirelessly and youre on the internet. Who knew the internet would explode the way it has! Well, Tim-Berners-Lee, I suppose. Here is a short list of what comes to my mind when I think of what technology today uses the internet: 0 Mobile Phones 0 Portable devices I.E iPad, laptops, handheld gaming consoles 0 Gaming consoles / multiplayer 0 Vehicle Navigation 0 Downloads 0 Podcasts / Online music 0 Education / Online Books, Kindle 0 Online Videos / Youtube 0 Social Networking / Facebook / Twitter 0 E-Commerce / eBay / Amazon

10. The future Seen as the internet has come such a long way in such a short space of time, we have to wonder: what will the future hold. One thing that worries me is the censoring of the internet. Its happening right now, some for good, others for bad. In my research I found something I didnt know, British Telecoms (BT) internet traffic pass through a service called Clean Feed which is provided data by the Internet Watch Foundation (IWF), this service is used to identify pages of indecent photographs of children, displaying as a URL Not Found error! Certainly a very good thing, but did you know it? I certainly didnt, I wonder what else they can censor without us even knowing? In the US, the Department of Defence stops people from accessing certain IP addresses! Also, in march 2007, Turkey blocked access to Youtube.com! According to Wiki: The ban was met with widespread protests and lifted two days later. YouTube was blocked again on 12 March 2008 with decision no 2008/251, which was then soon lifted. Another YouTube block was put in place on 5 May 2008 following two court decisions; the block was lifted on 30 October 2010.! In Pakistan, the government has even blocked blogs on blogspot.com! It is worrying to think that soon, the internet could be so censored you cant even do daily activities on it. Taken from Widipedia: According to a small-sample survey conducted in 2008 by Nikolaos Koumartzis, an MA researcher at London College of Communication, the vast majority of UK based internet users (90.21%) were unaware of the existence of CleanFeed software. Moreover, 60.87% of the participants stated that they did not trust British Telecommunications and 65.22% of them did not trust IWF to be responsible for a silent censorship system in the UK.

11. Simple Internet Timeline (Of the things I thought big events) 0 1957 - USSR launches Sputnik, first artificial earth satellite. In response, US forms the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA), the following year, within the Department of Defense (DoD) to establish US lead in science and technology applicable to the military 0 1962 - J.C.R. Licklider & W. Clark, MIT: "Galactic Network concept encompassing distributed social interactions 0 1965 - ARPA sponsors study on "cooperative network of time-sharing computers TX-2 at MIT Lincoln Lab and AN/FSQ-32 at System Development Corporation (Santa Monica, CA) are directly linked (without packet switches) via a dedicated 1200bps phone line; Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) computer at ARPA later added to form "The Experimental Network" 0 1969 - First packets sent by Charley Kline at UCLA as he tried logging into SRI. The first attempt resulted in the system crashing as the letter G of LOGIN was entered. (October 29) 0 1972 - Ray Tomlinson (BBN) modifies email program for ARPANET where it becomes a quick hit. The @ sign was chosen from the punctuation keys on Tomlinson's Model 33 Teletype for its "at" meaning (March) 0 1977 - THEORYNET created by Larry Landweber at Univ of Wisconsin providing electronic mail to over 100 researchers in computer science (using a locally developed email system over TELENET) 0 1978 - TCP split into TCP and IP (March), Possibly the first commercial spam message is sent on 1 May by a DEC marketer advertising an upcoming presentation of its new DECSYSTEM-20 computers. 0 1982 - DCA and ARPA establish the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and Internet Protocol (IP), as the protocol suite, commonly known as TCP/IP, for ARPANET. 0 1984 - Domain Name System (DNS) introduced 0 1991 - World-Wide Web (WWW) released by CERN; Tim Berners-Lee developer. First Web server is nxoc01.cern.ch, launched in Nov 1990 and later renamed info.cern.ch. 0 1992 - Number of hosts breaks 1,000,000!, The term "surfing the Internet" is coined by Jean Armour Polly 0 1993 - InterNIC created by NSF to provide specific Internet services: (:sc1:) 0 * directory and database services (AT&T) 0 * registration services (Network Solutions Inc.) 0 * information services (General Atomics/CERFnet)

12. My Thoughts Looking back through the history of the internet, it is amazing to think how a few people came up with an idea that completely revolutionised the world as we know it. What would we have without the internet? Id like to not even think about it! I use the internet so much I take it for granted. I wonder if Charley Kline at UCLA who sent the first packets thought This is useless when he failed to connect while reaching the G in LOGIN, what if he gave up! Everything is the internet today, you can practically live in your home without ever needing to leave it again with a computer and an internet connection! Buy your items, food, clothes online, pay your bills, even work at home! Plus with the internet and technology ever expanding, I imagine soon The Matrix would be a reality! Just jack into the nearest Internet Hub (or Wireless haha) and read the latest emails, check out your item progress on eBay all within your mind. Hey, anything is possible, right? Well, no actually. Breathing in space for an example!

13. References 0 http://www.w3.org/History/1989/proposal.html http://www.w3.org/History/1989/proposal.html 0 http://www.w3.org/History.html http://www.w3.org/History.html 0 http://www.bizwaremagic.com/quick_internet_history.htm http://www.bizwaremagic.com/quick_internet_history.htm 0 http://www.walthowe.com/navnet/history.html http://www.walthowe.com/navnet/history.html 0 http://www.zakon.org/robert/internet/timeline/ http://www.zakon.org/robert/internet/timeline/ 0 http://www.folioweb.org/dockerym/authsys/XHTML/Exercise1.html http://www.folioweb.org/dockerym/authsys/XHTML/Exercise1.html 0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_censorship#United_Kingdom http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_censorship#United_Kingdom

14. Questions?