1. Role of Integrated Economic Zones (IEZs) in Haitis Reconstruction and Development: Training in Site Selection Port-au-Prince, Haiti December 2011

2. Presentation Outline/Topics Introduction/Purpose of the Site Assessment Planning and Development Sequence Elements of a Typical Site Assessment Site-Selection Matrix Environmental and Social Impact Assessments Haiti IEZ Site-Assessment Stage 3 Results: Potential Sites in the Metropolitan Region Site Evaluation Example: Ganthier 2

3. 3 Site-Assessment Overview Based on the Market/Demand Assessment: Haiti needs over 2,000 hectares of serviced land and infrastructure for industrial, tourism, and residential purposes over the coming 20 years IEZ provide serviced land and infrastructure and an enhanced business environment that can yield new investment and job creation for Haiti Site-Assessment Objectives: Determines which sites are best situated in Haiti to service demand in the near-term Provides planning inputs and costing information for site development that are used in the Financial/Economic analysis

4. Market Assessment Gauges the market for IEZ Developers, investors and end users. Includes location benchmarking, industry analysis, and demand projections. End user market assessment will generate estimates of likely demand for space and utility requirements in the IEZ. It is the basis for phasing, capital estimates and revenues from site tenants and services. Introduction IEZ-Level Planning and Development Sequence Market Assessment Market Assessment Site Development Impact Assessment Site Development Impact Assessment Master Planning The Master Plan (identifying land uses, key infrastructure, and phasing) provides a development vision for the site to meet demand and also provides a basis to estimate capital expenditures for IEZ development and operations. Evaluates the physical, social, and environmental characteristics and attributes of the selected IEZ location. On and off-site Infrastructure is also assessed. If more than one site is evaluated, then the sites are ranked using a Site- Selection Matrix. 4

5. 5 Site-Assessment Process in Haiti Objective: to evaluate the suitability of various sites for the development of one or more IEZs in Haiti Consultation with Ministry of Commerce, Direction des Zones Franches, SONAPI, Ministry of Tourism, Ministry of Agriculture, and private developers yielded 75 possible sites After prioritization by stakeholders, the long list had 20 sites An initial screening highlighted a number of high- performing sites A detailed site analysis identified the pros and cons of each site and the conditions necessary to implement an IEZ project on it Two of the high-performing sites were selected for economic and financial analysis Long List High- Perform. Sites 1. Consultation with GOH 2. Initial Screening 3. Site Analysis Top Sites Wish List SITE SELECTION

6. Physical Site Assessment In line with the Market/Demand findings, the selected site for the IEZ should be the one that most closely matches the specific needs of the target industry base, including land, size of site, security in a conflict-affected region, access to transport networks (e.g., sea, rail, road, or air), availability of infrastructure and utilities, and access to labor. If more than one site is to be assessed (which is always preferable), each site can be evaluated separately using the same criteria. Once assessed, all the sites can be compared and contrasted and ranked in a matrix to determine which location is the best fit for the projects requirements. The final selection will be based on several factors, but ultimately the selected site should have the highest likelihood of success. Factors are the size and quality of the site, accessibility, cost to expropriate and cost to build out, preference of the prospective tenants, proximity to key assets (e.g., labor pool, natural resources, transportation nodes). 6

7. High-Level Elements of a Typical Site Assessment Location - Examines land ownership, land uses, the sites access to the regional and local transportation routes (air, sea, road, and rail), location of on and off-site infrastructure and utility lines and connections, labor pools and population centers, and the sites expansion potential in line with forecasted demand. Physical and Biological Environment - Includes the site and its surrounding basic geography and physical characteristics: climate, topography and landscape, soil, geology and seismology, air quality, noise, pollution, contaminated soils, water resources, the marine environment, flora, fauna, wildlife, protected areas, existing historic, cultural or religious facilities and habitats. Socio-Economic Environment - Includes local population and demographics, education, livelihoods, healthcare, leisure opportunities, crime and safety, tourism, gender, and resettlement. Location of the site relative to intensity of fighting, remaining populations, and the history of the conflict in the host country. 7

8. 8 Typical Evaluation Criteria Site area Suitable site topography General environmental condition of site Consistent with land use and zoning codes Clear land tenure Proximity to functioning port, airport and road network Access to power, water, telecoms, labor Access to labor Facilitates the development of multiple economic activities: industry, tourism, agribusiness, etc.

9. Site-Selection Matrix After the physical, environment, and social factors (preceding slides) of selected sites have been evaluated, the next step is to produce a Site- Selection Matrix to compare the performance of the sites against the various criteria. In the illustrative Site-Selection Matrix example, each criterion on the matrix has a different weighting based on the relative importance of that criterion to the targeted industries. These weightings add a demand-driven dimension to the matrix because they reflect preferences and priorities of the target industries. Strong preference and high priority receive higher weightings than low preference and/or low priority. Weightings are set at 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%, and the factors are scored between 0 and 5, with zero being low and five being high. 9

10. CriteriaWeightingIllustrative Site LocationDescriptionRating Land availability100%Good4 Expansion capabilities100%Good4 Proximity to export markets75%Excellent5 Access and proximity to airport 75%Good4 Access and proximity to ports 75%Excellent5 Topography for Development Little erosion/sand movement 75%No major issues 4 Absence of surface or sub- surface drainage issues 75%Unknown - pending detailed site survey in the future No contaminated materials75%Unknown - pending detailed site survey in the future Low 0 1 2 3 4 5 High Site Development Impact Assessment Illustrative Site-Selection Matrix Example 10

11. CriteriaWeightingIllustrative Site AccessDescriptionRating Access to fire facilities50%Fair2 Access to land borders75%Excellent5 Adjacencies Proximity to other industrial facilities 75%Excellent - see Figures 5 Proximity to social infrastructure 25%Fair2 Utilities Access to water100%Fair2 Access to electricity75%Good4 Access to sewerage25%Fair2 Labor Proximity to local labor100%Good4 Proximity to mass transit50%None0 Site Development Impact Assessment Low 0 1 2 3 4 5 High Illustrative Site-Selection Matrix Example 11

12. CriteriaWeightingIllustrative Site Master Planning IssuesDescriptionRating Far from existing residential communities 75%No, but settlement is small 2 Far from proposed residential communities 75%Yes4 Far from protected areas75%No, wetlands nearby 2 General Environmental Conditions Appropriate climate for targeted activities 50%Not an obstacle5 Air Quality25%Good4 Noise25%None5 Soil issues50%No obstacles4 Unweighted Totals78 Weighted Total52.75 Site Development Impact Assessment Low 0 1 2 3 4 5 High Illustrative Site-Selection Matrix Example 12

13. Environmental-Impact Assessment Environmental management starts with IEZ site selection. Environmental site- selection and design factors include: Avoid environmentally-sensitive areas, such as wetlands and fertile agricultural land Industrial activity may limit other potential land use, as well as natural processes Develop on gently sloping land with suitable soil and limited vegetation growth Building in areas prone to flooding, slippage and earthquakes will require additional strengthening and expense Re-use previously developed sites to help contain urban sprawl and avoid consuming agricultural land and maximize use of existing infrastructure Check for contamination of the site from toxic waste, underground storage tanks, asbestos, and other forms of on-site ground, air and water pollution Define the industrial carrying capacity of the site and conduct a baseline environmental survey Maintain natural areas and indigenous vegetation; retain natural drainage systems Increase the density of development and environmental synergies through industrial clustering 13

14. Site Development Impact Assessment Environmental Impact Assessment – World Bank Standards The recommended methodology for the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is based on the World Bank Standards. The EIA should: Evaluate the impact on each component (high, medium, low) Address intensity, extent, and lifespan of each impact Recommend mitigating measures to reduce the impacts The World Bank Standards address components such as: Physical EnvironmentBiological EnvironmentHuman Environment Atmosphere – Climate, air quality, noise Soil and Water – Surface water, groundwater, soils and geology Vegetation Flora and fauna Protected areas Health and safety Socioeconomic and resettlement Historic and cultural 14

15. The main objectives of a Social Impact Assessment (SIA) process for the IEZ are to: Engage all relevant stakeholders in consultations Produce a detailed description and analysis of the social pre-project baseline situation as a basis for development planning, mitigation, and future monitoring Provide an assessment based on collected baseline data to identify both positive and negative social impacts in the IEZs area of influence Optimize positive social impacts and mitigate negative impacts from the IEZs development and activities Develop a Benefit and Impact Plan It is important to place the SIA in the context of the EIA Site Development Impact Assessment Social-Impact Assessment 15

16. Site Development Impact Assessment Social-Impact Assessment Population Infrastructure Roads/Transportation Education Communication Electricity Healthcare The SIA should consist of analyzing, monitoring and managing the intended and unintended social consequences, both positive and negative, of the IEZs development, and any social processes caused by it. The SIA should include looking at impacts on the following components: Sanitation Economic activity Fishing Livestock grazing Agriculture Land ownership The SIA should consider the sensitivity of each of these components to the IEZ development, as well as ways to either mitigate or enhance the impact. 16

17. 17 Haiti IEZ Site-Assessment Stage 3 Results: Potential Sites in the Metropolitan Region

18. 18 Example Site: Ganthier Location: East of PAP

19. 19 Pros: Reasonably close to PAP labor and port. City is expanding towards the site. Abundant, available, publicly owned land May have high-quality water appropriate for textile production Cons: No existing trunk infrastructure except the road No specific plans are prepared Untested interest from private sector Project development requirements: Delineate a specific parcel of land Do feasibility study and master plan Identify private sector partners Example Site: Ganthier Location: East of PAP

20. QUESTIONS/DISCUSSION 20