2. Biomedical Therapies Foundation Standard 1: Academic Foundation
Understand human anatomy, physiology, common diseases and disorders, and medical math principles.
Diseases and Disorders
1.23 Describe biomedical therapies as they relate to the prevention, pathology, and treatment of disease.
Gene testing
Gene therapy
Human proteomics
Cloning
Stem cell research

3. Biomedical Therapies
The information presented in these slides is to serve as an introduction to biomedical therapies, with ever changing concepts.
1.23 Describe biomedical therapies as they relate to the prevention, pathology, and treatment of disease. a. Gene testing b. Gene therapy c. Human proteomics d. Cloning e. Stem cell research

4. Biomedical Therapies
The application of the natural sciences, especially the biological and physiological sciences, to clinical medicine.
1.23 Describe biomedical therapies as they relate to the prevention, pathology, and treatment of disease. a. Gene testing b. Gene therapy c. Human proteomics
d. Cloning e. Stem cell research

5. Genetic Testing
Examination of DNA; can reveal changes that might cause disease
Used to find a genetic disorder
Diagnostic testing
Prenatal testing
Newborn testing
Adults that might be carriers of a genetic disorder
Possible prevention of a genetic disorder
1.23 Describe biomedical therapies as they relate to the prevention, pathology, and treatment of disease. a. Gene testing b. Gene therapy c. Human proteomics d. Cloning e. Stem cell research

6. Gene Therapy Technique that alters genes to prevent or treat disease
replaces mutated genes
repairs mutated genes
makes immune system more aware of diseased cells
1.23 Describe biomedical therapies as they relate to the prevention, pathology, and treatment of disease. a. Gene testing b. Gene therapy c. Human proteomics d. Cloning e. Stem cell research

7. Human Proteomics Study of proteins originating from the genome
Transcription Translation
DNA  mRNA  proteins
35,000 genes, 100,000 proteins (phenotype of cell)
One gene can produce thousands of proteins by
RNA processing- RNA spliced or edited  m-RNA
Proteins modified after translation, proteolysis, phosphorylation, etc.
1.23 Describe biomedical therapies as they relate to the prevention, pathology, and treatment of disease. a. Gene testing b. Gene therapy c. Human proteomics d. Cloning e. Stem cell research

8. Human Proteomics
Functions of proteins include enzymes, transport, structural, antibodies, toxins to name a few
Only 2% of diseases result from a single gene defect, others come from a modification of the protein network
Great potential for:
disease diagnostics
drug development
understanding the mechanism of disease, aging, and effects of environment by comparison with the normal
1.23 Describe biomedical therapies as they relate to the prevention, pathology, and treatment of disease. a. Gene testing b. Gene therapy c. Human proteomics d. Cloning e. Stem cell research

9. Cloning
Process used to produce genetically identical copies of a biological entity.
Occurs naturally in:
asexual reproduction, ex. bacteria
sexual reproduction, ex. identical twins
Application of cloning:
specific trait or function; ex. Sheep to produce milk that contains a human blood clotting protein
Desired agricultural trait as sources of better quality food and milk production
1.23 Describe biomedical therapies as they relate to the prevention, pathology, and treatment of disease. a. Gene testing b. Gene therapy c. Human proteomics d. Cloning e. Stem cell research

10. Stem Cell Research Stem cells are unspecialized cells
Under special conditions can become tissue or organ specific
able to repair or replace damaged tissue
Embryonic stem cells
undifferentiated
Adult stem cells
Undifferentiated cell found among differentiated cells
somatic stem cells (cells of the body)
Example; bone marrow transplants
1.23 Describe biomedical therapies as they relate to the prevention, pathology, and treatment of disease. a. Gene testing b. Gene therapy c. Human proteomics d. Cloning e. Stem cell research