1. Two Main Types of Eukaryotic Cells
Animal Cell
Plant Cell 1

2. Organelles Very small size Can only be observed under a microscope
Have specific functions
Found throughout cytoplasm 2

3. Organelles Found in Cells
Examples of Organelles include:
Endoplasmic reticulum (rough & smooth) – canals for movement
Golgi Bodies – wrap & export proteins
Nucleolus – makes ribosomes
Lysosomes – digests & gets rid of wastes
Ribosomes – makes proteins 3

4. Golgi Bodies Stacks of flattened sacs
Have a shipping side & a receiving side
Receive & modify proteins made by ER
Transport vesicles with modified proteins pinch off the ends
Transport vesicle 4

5. Lysosome Contain digestive enzymes
Break down food and worn out cell parts for cells
Programmed for cell death (lyse & release enzymes to break down & recycle cell parts) 5

6. Nucleolus Cell may have 1 to 3 nucleoli Inside nucleus
Disappears when cell divides
Makes ribosomes that make proteins 6

7. Smooth & Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Smooth ER lacks ribosomes & makes proteins USED In the cell
Rough ER has ribosomes on its surface & makes proteins to EXPORT 7

8. Cell Powerhouse Mitochondrion ( mitochondria ) Rod shape
Site of Cellular respiration 8

9. In Animal Cells: Mitochondria
Active cells like muscles have more mitochondria
Burn sugars to produce energy ATP 9

10. Surrounding the Cell Cell membrane
Lies immediately against the cell wall in plant cells
Made of protein and phospholipids
Selectively permeable 10

11. Cell Membrane Cell membrane Living layer
Controls the movement of materials into and out of the cell
Selectively permeable 11

12. Cytoplasm of a Cell Cytoplasm
Liquid substance enclosed by cell membrane 12

13. More on Cytoplasm Cytoplasm
Contains organelles to carry out specific jobs
Examples: chloroplast & mitochondrion 13

14. Control Organelle Nucleus Controls the normal activities of the cell
Bounded by a nuclear membrane
Contains chromosomes 14

15. More on the Nucleus Nucleus Each cell has DNA that carry genes
Genes control cell characteristics 15

16. Plant Cell Organelles Chloroplast
Contain the green pigment chlorophyll
Traps sunlight to make to make sugars (food)
Process called photosynthesis 16

17. Plant Cell Cell wall Dead layer
Large empty spaces present between cellulose fibers
Freely permeable 17

18. Plant Cell Cell wall Made of cellulose which forms very thin fibers
Strong and rigid
Found in plant cells 18

19. Plant Cell
Cell wall
Protect and support the enclosed substances (protoplasm)
Resist entry of excess water into the cell
Give shape to the cell 19

20. Plant Cell Organelles Vacuole Have a large central vacuole
Surrounded by tonoplast
Contains cell sap
Sugars, proteins, minerals, wastes, & pigments 20

21. Different kinds of plant cells
Onion Epidermal Cells
Root Hair Cell
root hair
Guard Cells 21

22. Animal cell No cell wall or chloroplast
vacuole
cytoplasm
No cell wall or chloroplast
Stores glycogen in the cytoplasm for food energy
nucleus
mitochondrion
cell membrane
glycogen granule 22

23. Animal Cell Organelles
Near the nucleus
Paired structures
Help cell divide 23

24. Different kinds of animal cells
white blood cell
red blood cell
cheek cells
sperm
nerve cell
muscle cell
Amoeba
Paramecium 24

25. Similarities between plant cells and animal cells
Both have a cell membrane surrounding the cytoplasm
Both have a nucleus
Both contain mitochondria 25

26. Differences between plant cells and animal cells
Relatively smaller in size
Relatively larger in size
Irregular shape
Regular shape
No cell wall
Cell wall present 26

27. Differences between Plant Cells and Animal Cells
Vacuole small or absent
Large central vacuole
Glycogen as food storage
Starch as food storage
Nucleus at the center
Nucleus near cell wall 27

28. V. Plant vs. Animal Cells Plant Cells
-have chloroplasts and cell walls
-can make their own food through photosynthesis
-have large vacuoles to store water
Animal Cells
-have centrioles used in cell division
-can’t make their own food
Both Plant & Animal Cells
-both have:
Plasma membranes
Mitochondria
Cytoplasm
Nucleus’
Nucleolus’
Golgi
E.R.
DNA
-both are living