1. Pressure and Volume

2. Scientists look for patterns in nature.

3. Pressure and Volume Are these two values related?

4. Pressure and Volume Are these two values related? P + V P – V P x V P ÷ V

5. Pressure and Volume Robert Boyle (1627-1691)

6. Pressure and Volume

7. If you double the pressure, you cut the volume in half.

8. Pressure and Volume Boyle’s Law: PV = K

9. Pressure and Volume Boyle’s Law: PV = K P 1 V 1 = P 2 V 2

10. Volume and Temperature

11. What happens to the volume of a gas as it warms up or cools down?

12. Volume and Temperature Jacques Charles (1746-1823)

13. Volume and Temperature Are these two values related? V + T V – T V x T V ÷ T

14. Volume and Temperature Charles’s Law: V/T = K V 1 /T 1 = V 2 /T 2

15. Volume and Temperature Charles’s Law: V/T = K V 1 /T 1 = V 2 /T 2 (Temp must be in o Kelvin)

16. Volume and Temperature T Kelvin = 273 + T Celcius

17. Pressure and Temperature

18. Joseph Gay-Lussac

19. Pressure and Temperature Gay-Lussac’s Law: P/T = K P 1 /T 1 = P 2 /T 2 (Temp must be in o Kelvin)

20. Example Problems All three of these laws predict changes. P 1 V 1 = P 2 V 2 V 1 /T 1 = V 2 /T 2 P 1 /T 1 = P 2 /T 2

21. Example Problems You will be given three of the four values. Plug them in and solve for the fourth.

22. Example Problems A gas sample at 40.0 o C occupies a volume of 2.32 L. If the temperature is raised to 75.0 o C, what will the volume be, assuming the pressure remains constant?

23. Example Problems A gas sample at 40.0 o C occupies a volume of 2.32 L. If the temperature is raised to 75.0 o C, what will the volume be, assuming the pressure remains constant?

24. Example Problems T 1 = 40.0 o C V 1 = 2.32 L T 2 = 75.0 o C V 2 = ?

25. Example Problems T 1 = 40.0 o C V 1 = 2.32 L T 2 = 75.0 o C V 2 = ? V 1 /T 1 = V 2 /T 2

26. Example Problems T 1 = 40.0 o C 40.0 + 273 = 313 V 1 = 2.32 L T 2 = 75.0 o C75.0 + 273 = 348 V 2 = ? V 1 /T 1 = V 2 /T 2

27. Example Problems T 1 = 313 o K 40.0 + 273 = 313 V 1 = 2.32 L T 2 = 348 o K75.0 + 273 = 348 V 2 = ? V 1 /T 1 = V 2 /T 2

28. Example Problems 2.32 L ? ------------ = ------------ 313 o K 348 o K V 1 /T 1 = V 2 /T 2

29. Example Problems 2.32 L 348 o Kx ------------ = ? 313 o K V 1 /T 1 = V 2 /T 2

30. Example Problems 2.32 L 348 o Kx ------------ = 2.58 L 313 o K V 1 /T 1 = V 2 /T 2

31. Example Problems 2.32 L 348 o Kx ------------ = 2.58 L 313 o K Does the answer make sense?

32. Example Problems 2.32 L 348 o Kx ------------ = 2.58 L 313 o K Does the answer make sense? A small rise in temperature caused a small increase in volume.

33. Example Problems 2.32 L 348 o Kx ------------ = 2.58 L 313 o K Does the answer make sense? A small rise in temperature caused a small increase in volume. Yes, it makes sense.

34. Homework Read section 14.1 Do problems 1, 2, 6, 7, 9, 10 Your next test will involve problems like these..