1. What can archaeological evidence tell us about life in Roman Britain? Key Stage 2: History Learning Aims and Outcomes To select and record information about Roman ways of life To use the terms 'invade' and 'settle' To learn how evidence can tell you about Roman life To ask and answer questions about what survived from the Roman settlement of Britain To present information to show an understanding of the impact of Roman settlement on Britain

2. We can find out lots about the Romans by looking at archaeological evidence It's an archaeologist’s job to look at evidence, such as artefacts and buildings, from the past and to try and interpret them! Could YOU be an archaeologist?

3. Archaeology: The study of the lives of people in the past Evidence: Information to support an idea/interpretation Artefact: Any object made or changed by people Interpret: To try and explain what something means Excavate: To dig up and record archaeological remains Step 1: Learn to speak ‘archaeologist’ To be an archaeologist you need to learn some new words

4. Step 2: Rot or Not? Pottery Bones Metal Leather Fabric Glass Food Wood What would survive for 1000 years?

5. RotNot Pottery Bones Metal Leather Fabric Glass Food Wood Step 2: Rot or Not?

6. Step 2: Rot or Not? Extension Activity All archaeologists are detectives – for the Rubbish Bag Game select clean, safe pieces of ‘rubbish’ and place them in a black bin bag. Pupils take it in turns to pick out a piece of ‘rubbish’, then the whole class have to work out what it is and who might have used it/thrown it away. Deliberately choose bits of ‘rubbish’ so that pupils can build up a picture of the person/family that threw them away. The ‘Rubbish Bag Game’

7. Step 2: Rot or Not? Extension Activity The ‘Rubbish Bag Game’ Once the rubbish bag is empty ask pupils to think about which items would survive being buried in the ground for 1000s of years – would it Rot or Not? Any items that they don’t think would survive get taken away, so you now have a much smaller pile of ‘rubbish’. Pupils then reassess the evidence and start to understand that archaeologists can only work with what they’ve got – there’s a lot that they don’t know, but have to make ‘educated guesses’ about.

8. Look at the pictures on the next 8 slides They are all types of archaeological evidence Choose 3 pictures that you think could be used as evidence to answer the question Did the Romans settle in Britain? Step 3: Find EVIDENCE from the past

9. The remains of a Roman fort called Housesteads in Northumberland

10. The remains of a Roman fort called Wallsend in Tyne & Wear

11. The remains of a Roman mosaic at Fishbourne, West Sussex

12. The remains of a Roman villa in Lullingstone, Kent

13. Gaming counters and dice from a Roman site called Corbridge, in Northumberland

14. The Old Kent Road in London is built on top of a Roman road - this is what it looked like in 1900, many roads today are built on top of Roman roads.

15. Remains of the hypocaust (under- floor heating) at Chedworth Roman villa, in Gloucestershire

16. An important part of being an archaeologist is telling other people about what you have discovered! Use the accompanying worksheet to record your findings or fill in your choices as a class in the table on the next slide - you can copy and paste the pictures above straight into the table Step 4: Present your findings

17. An important part of being an archaeologist is telling other people about what you have discovered! Use the accompanying worksheet to record your findings or fill in your choices as a class in the table on the next slide - you can copy and paste the pictures above straight into the table Step 4: Present your findings

18. We think that the Romans settled in Britain because.... EvidenceWe chose this picture because… Picture 1 Picture 2 Picture 3

19. Need some help thinking of reasons? Uncover the list below to get you started REASONS: Villas were very expensive to build Forts made of stone took a long time to build Hypocaust (under floor heating) was an expensive luxury Mosaics were very expensive Road building took a long time and a lot of skill ? ? ? ? ?

20. Glossary Archaeology: The study of the lives of people in the past Artefact: Any object made or changed by people Evidence: Information to support an idea/interpretation Fort: A strong place and/or a permanent army post Gaming Counters: Objects used to play games (like in draughts, backgammon etc.) Hypocaust: Roman under floor heating system. The floor is supported on pillars and hot air from a furnace is circulated underneath to heat a house or bath Interpret: To try and explain what something means Mosaic: A picture made from lots of small tiles, the Romans called these small tiles tesserae Reconstruction Drawing: A drawing formed by piecing together bits of evidence Villa: A large country house built by wealthy Romans

21. Find more teaching resources at: HistoricEngland.org.uk/Education