1. Changes in Medieval Life European Life after the Crusades

2. Exposure to Life Beyond the Manor

3. Commercial Revolution- Middle Age Globalization! Manors were self-sufficient, bartering, closed communities Crusades  people leaving the Manors & demand for goods from the east $$$ Currency develops for use in long distance trade Many moneylending merchants become the first bankers.

4. Rise of Towns Crusades  many moving off the manor and also a desire for goods that have reintroduced from the east. Pros Many craftspeople able to trade for local and foreign goods in town Independence from the lords Possibility to raise your social class in a town Cons Unsanitary – sewage in streets Overcrowded conditions  quick spread of disease Lack of fresh clean water

5. Guilds Craftspeople try to control and protect their trade Set standards for quality & prices Contribute to a fund to help others in their industry in need Trained all newcomers in the field

6. Pros of Guilds Pros Protection of taxes No advertising or price cutting Trade secrets kept Sickness protection Goods and horses for traveling working conditions and hours regulated

7. Cons of the Guild Cons Fixed pricing Working with others Membership restrictions Hierarchy

8. Rise of a Middle Class The Modern Middle ClassMedieval Middle Class

9. Learning Crusades brought contact with long forgotten ancient knowledge from Greece & Rome Science, math and technologies of the Islamic Golden age became available to Europe Development of European universities Monks like Thomas Aquinas tried to interpret Greco-Roman scientists in such a way that they agree with the Bible (seen as ultimate source of truth)

10. Rise of Centralized Government Many Landowners Killed in the Crusades Crusades led some to lose respect for the Church as a leader in the secular (non- religious) world. New wealth of towns needed protection Lead to the rise of Kings