1. Transition to Renaissance from the Middle Ages Middle Ages- God/Church/Religion Central to a rigid society; (theocracy) Black Death (Plague)-kills 1/3 of population Peasants Revolt-peasants demand and gain more freedom 100 Years War- kings gain power over nobles (not at manors) - merchants loan money and pay taxes to king and gain power People move to towns from the manors for jobs (guilds) Wealth and ability more important than your family name Crusades- make people curious about the world (new products and ideas) - bring back writings of ancient Greece and Rome

2. Scholars and artists inspired by ancient Greece and Rome Trade w/ East (Asia) increases wealth Banking increases wealth (Medici family) Middle class: wealthy merchants between nobles and peasants/workers Middle class use wealth to support artists and scientists (patrons) Renaissance- individuals become Recognized as important and valuable (humanism) Transition to Renaissance from the Middle Ages

3. Renaissance “rebirth” Starts in ITALY Center of Trade & banking Wealthy individuals Medici family Patrons NewtonGalileo Copernicus n Leonardo da Vinci “Renaissance Man” Humanism Question & study everything Individual thought & achievement Ideas of Greece & Rome “Classical Ideas” Spread ideas quickly Makes books cheaper Printing Press; movable type Art Portraits Realistic; Life-like Religious & Non-religious subjects Gutenberg New techniques Perspective More people learn to read Heliocentric Theory Scientific Method Scientific Revolution TelescopeGravity Michaelangelo