1. Past perfect tense Grammar and usage

2. Lead-in

3. What’s the topic of Unit 3?

4. Lead-in What’s the topic of Unit 3? How many amazing people have we read about in this unit? Who are they?

5. Lead-in What’s the topic of Unit 3? How many amazing people have we read about in this unit? Who are they? Can you tell me something about Howard Carter?

6. Lead-in Not long after the tomb of King Tutankhamen had been opened, people in Carter’s team began to fall ill and die strangely.

7. Lead-in Not long after the tomb of King Tutankhamen had been opened, people in Carter’s team began to fall ill and die strangely. What verb tenses are used in the sentence?

8. Past Perfect Tense

9. How can we form the past perfect? had + verb-ed

10. Past Perfect Tense How can we form the past perfect? Reread “The curse of the mummy” and underline the sentences in which the past perfect tense is used. had + verb-ed

11. Past Perfect Tense Not long after the tomb of King Tutankhamen had been opened, people in Carter’s team began to fall ill and die strangely.

12. Past Perfect Tense Not long after the tomb of King Tutankhamen had been opened, people in Carter’s team began to fall ill and die strangely. Upon entering the tomb, Carter’s lucky pet bird, which had led him to the place, was eaten by a snake.

13. The usage of the past perfect

14. Upon entering the tomb, Carter’s lucky pet bird, which had led him to the place, was eaten by a snake.

15. The usage of the past perfect Upon entering the tomb, Carter’s lucky pet bird, which had led him to the place, was eaten by a snake.

16. The usage of the past perfect Upon entering the tomb, Carter’s lucky pet bird, which had led him to the place, was eaten by a snake. Past Present

17. The usage of the past perfect Upon entering the tomb, Carter’s lucky pet bird, which had led him to the place, was eaten by a snake. Past Present Carter’s lucky pet bird was eaten by a snake.

18. The usage of the past perfect Upon entering the tomb, Carter’s lucky pet bird, which had led him to the place, was eaten by a snake. Past Present Carter’s lucky pet bird had led Carter to the site. Carter’s lucky pet bird was eaten by a snake.

19. The usage of the past perfect Past Present

20. The usage of the past perfect Past Present Past

21. The usage of the past perfect Past Present The past perfect tense shows us “ 过去的过去 ” Past

22. The usage of the past perfect Past Present The past perfect tense shows us “ 过去的过去 ” Past Summary: The past perfect tense is often used with the simple past tense. If one action happens before another in the past, the past perfect tense is used.

23. The usage of the past perfect “We emptied the tomb of everything it contained,” said Carter. Past

24. The usage of the past perfect “We emptied the tomb of everything it contained,” said Carter. →Carter said that they had emptied the tomb of everything it contained. Past

25. The usage of the past perfect “We emptied the tomb of everything it contained,” said Carter. →Carter said that they had emptied the tomb of everything it contained. Past Present

26. The usage of the past perfect “We emptied the tomb of everything it contained,” said Carter. →Carter said that they had emptied the tomb of everything it contained. Past Present Carter said

27. The usage of the past perfect “We emptied the tomb of everything it contained,” said Carter. →Carter said that they had emptied the tomb of everything it contained. Past Present They had emptied the tomb of everything it contained. Carter said

28. The usage of the past perfect “We emptied the tomb of everything it contained,” said Carter. →Carter said that they had emptied the tomb of everything it contained. Past Present They had emptied the tomb of everything it contained. Carter said Summary: The past perfect tense is often used in reported speech.

29. The usage of the past perfect I had done my homework this morning before I went to the museum.

30. The usage of the past perfect I had done my homework this morning before I went to the museum. Past Present

31. The usage of the past perfect I had done my homework this morning before I went to the museum. Past Present Carter said

32. The usage of the past perfect I had done my homework this morning before I went to the museum. Past Present They had emptied the tomb of everything it contained. Carter said

33. The usage of the past perfect I had done my homework this morning before I went to the museum. Past Present They had emptied the tomb of everything it contained. Carter said Summary: The use of the past perfect tense simply indicates that an action comes before another past action. It does not mean that the past action happened a long time ago.

34. The usage of the past perfect By the 1920s, he had become an explorer, searching for the tombs of the Egyptian kings.

35. The usage of the past perfect By the 1920s, he had become an explorer, searching for the tombs of the Egyptian kings. Past Present

36. The usage of the past perfect By the 1920s, he had become an explorer, searching for the tombs of the Egyptian kings. Past Present The 1920s

37. The usage of the past perfect By the 1920s, he had become an explorer, searching for the tombs of the Egyptian kings. Past Present He had become an explorer. The 1920s

38. The usage of the past perfect By the 1920s, he had become an explorer, searching for the tombs of the Egyptian kings. Past Present He had become an explorer. The 1920s Summary: The past perfect tense is often used with time expressions such as when, after, before, as soon as, until, by, for and already.

39. Amelia Earhart Another amazing person

40. Amelia Earhart Another amazing person What happened to her?

41. Amelia Earhart Another amazing person What happened to her? Read the notes about Amelia Earhart on page 49.

42. Practice

43. Complete the story on page 49.

44. TITANIC The simple past tense or the past perfect tense

45. TITANIC The simple past tense or the past perfect tense

46. Summary: Whether the simple past tense or the past perfect tense is used depends on the sequence of the events.

47. The present perfect or the past perfect? Howard Carter is one of the most famous explorers the world has ever known.

48. The present perfect or the past perfect? Howard Carter is one of the most famous explorers the world has ever known.

49. The present perfect or the past perfect? Howard Carter is one of the most famous explorers the world has ever known. Past

50. The present perfect or the past perfect? Howard Carter is one of the most famous explorers the world has ever known. Past Present

51. The present perfect or the past perfect? Howard Carter is one of the most famous explorers the world has ever known. Past PresentFuture

52. The present perfect or the past perfect? Howard Carter is one of the most famous explorers the world has ever known. Past PresentFuture Howard Carter became famous.

53. The present perfect or the past perfect? Howard Carter is one of the most famous explorers the world has ever known. Past Summary: The present perfect tense is used when we are talking about a past event which relates to the present time. PresentFuture Howard Carter became famous.

54. The present perfect or the past perfect? Not long after the tomb of King Tutankhamen had been opened, people in Carter’s team began to fall ill and die strangely.

55. The present perfect or the past perfect? Not long after the tomb of King Tutankhamen had been opened, people in Carter’s team began to fall ill and die strangely. Past Present

56. The present perfect or the past perfect? Not long after the tomb of King Tutankhamen had been opened, people in Carter’s team began to fall ill and die strangely. Past Present The tomb of King Tutankhamen had been opened.

57. The present perfect or the past perfect? Not long after the tomb of King Tutankhamen had been opened, people in Carter’s team began to fall ill and die strangely. Past Present The tomb of King Tutankhamen had been opened. People in Carter’s team began to fall ill and die strangely.

58. The present perfect or the past perfect? Not long after the tomb of King Tutankhamen had been opened, people in Carter’s team began to fall ill and die strangely. Summary: The Past Perfect tense is used when we are discussing the past and want to talk about an even earlier event.

59. The present perfect or the past perfect? Howard Carter said, “I have stayed in Egypt for more than 30 years, searching for the tombs of the Egyptian kings.”

60. The present perfect or the past perfect? Howard Carter said, “I have stayed in Egypt for more than 30 years, searching for the tombs of the Egyptian kings.” →Howard Carter said that he had stayed in Egypt for more than 30 years, searching for the tombs of the Egyptian kings.

61. The present perfect or the past perfect? Howard Carter said, “I have stayed in Egypt for more than 30 years, searching for the tombs of the Egyptian kings.” →Howard Carter said that he had stayed in Egypt for more than 30 years, searching for the tombs of the Egyptian kings. What are the differences between them?

62. The present perfect or the past perfect? Summary: When we change a sentence from the direct speech into the indirect speech like this, the tense will be changed from the present perfect to the past perfect tense. What are the differences between them?

63. Cai Lun Another amazing person

64. Cai Lun Another amazing person What did he say? And what did he do?

65. Cai Lun Another amazing person What did he say? And what did he do? Read the sentences on page 51 and then complete the article.