2. Parts of the Cell

3. These are the parts of the cell. Cell Membrane Cytoplasm Ribosomes Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Golgi Apparatus Mitochondria Lysosomes Microtubules Microfilaments Cilia Flagella Nucleus PLANTS ONLY Cell wall, Vacuoles Plastids

4. Cell Membrane Separates the cell from its external environment. Complex barrier Regulates what goes into and out of the cell. Selectively Permeable Membrane.

5. Cell Membrane continued… Composed of two layers. Layers consist of lipids and proteins The membrane is fluid like and the proteins float around between the lipids. Called: FLUID MOSAIC MODEL

8. Cytoplasm Jellylike material found inside the cell membrane. Composed of : water, salts (ions), organic molecules. Exhibits “Cytoplasmic Streaming” That is constant motion. Surrounds the organelles.

9. Ribosomes : organelles Most numerous of all organelles. Site of protein construction (synthesis). Spherical structure 15 - 20 nm diameter.

10. Composed of 3 nucleic acid molecules & 50+ proteins. Float freely or attached to endoplasmic reticulum.

11. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Membrane system of folded sacs and tunnels. If covered with ribosome's: rough ER. If no ribosome's: smooth ER.

12. Newly made protein moves from rough ER to smooth ER Assists in transportation of proteins or stores them for future use.

15. Golgi Apparatus Processing, Packaging, and secreting Consists of stacks of membranes or sacs, fluid filled. Contains dissolved substances.

16. Smooth ER is modified and surrounded by a sac, the sac is then passed across the cell membrane.

18. Mitochondria Scattered throughout the cytoplasm. Respiration centers of the cell. Release energy into the cell. ATP is formed here.

19. More numerous in cells that are active ie. Muscle cells. Contain there own DNA, grow, divide and fuse with one another.

21. Lysosomes Small, spherical organelles. Contain digestive enzymes for digesting food particles, disease causing bacteria, and worn out or broken parts of cells.

22. Play important part in early embryonic development. Helps form the fingers.

23. THIS IS THE END OF THIS LECTURE