1. I. 虚拟条件句 II. 虚拟语气在从句中的应用 III. 虚拟语气的一些其他用法 III. 虚拟语气的一些其他用法 1. 祝愿的话中 God bless you. Long live the Republic! So be it. 愿神保佑你。 共和国万岁！ 就这样吧。 May you always be happy! 祝愿你永远快乐。 2. It ’ s time that we went to school. = It ’ s time for us to go to school. 3. I would rather that you stayed at home with me. com. I would rather stay at home than go shopping with you.

2. II. 虚拟语气在从句中的运用 1. I wish 宾语从句 I wish I were a bird. ( 现在的虚拟 ) I wish you would not smoke any more. ( 将来的虚拟 ) I wish I had arrived yesterday. ( 过去的虚拟 ) 2. 宾语从句： We suggested that the meeting should be finished. 3. 主语从句： It is suggested that the meeting should be finished. ＝ That the meeting should be finished is suggested. It is advised/ proposed/ desired/ ordered/ demanded/ asked/ required/ requested that … (should) 命令 ： order 建议： suggest, advice, propose 要求： demand, insist, desire, ask, require, request, It is important/ necessary/ strange … (should) com. It is important for sb to do sth 这种句型更多时候用陈述语气，不用虚拟语气。

3. 4. 表语、同位语从句 Our suggestion is that the meeting should be finished. The suggestion that the meeting should be finished is raised by Tom. order, advice, proposal, request, plan, idea 5. 状语从句 ① The toy dog sat there as if/though it were a real one. 有时也用陈述语气，尤其动词是 look, seem, taste, smell eg. It looks as if it is going to rain. ② 某些让步、目的状语从句 （暂略）

4. I. 虚拟条件句 if 等 (unless, supposing, provided, providing, in case, as long as) 引 起的条件句有两种：一种真实条件句；另一种假设的情况纯然 假象，与现实不一致，或者发生的可能性极小，这种叫虚拟条 件句。 现在之虚拟： If I had time now, I would/ might/ could attend the meeting. 将来之虚拟： If I had time tomorrow, I would attend the meeting. If I were to have time tomorrow, … If I should have time tomorrow, … 过去之虚拟： If I had had time then, I would have attended the meeting. 错综时间条件句： If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now.

5. 注 1: 从句中有时可用 would ，表示 “ 意愿 ” 。 If Ann would admit this, I shouldn ’ t quarrel with her. 注 2: if 的省略－倒装 If I were at school again, I would study harder. = Were I at school again, … If you had come earlier, you would catch the bus. = Had you come earlier, …

7. 1. communist prove mathematics exhibition height weight whistle cycle cyclist various 2. doctor blackboard a good time sit down, please an American writer China is in Asia. for example 形容词性从句 — 定语从句 That is the place where I used to live. 名词性从句 — 主语从句, 表语从句, 宾语从句, 同位语从句 That he will come is certain. That ’ s why he was always late. I wonder whether it is true. We are greatly encouraged by the news that our team has won the first prize. 副词性从句

8. What, whatever, whichever, whenever, wherever, however 引导的名词性从句 作主语 作表语 作宾语 作同位语 What I need is your help. Whoever did this job must get salary. That is what they want to get. I ’ ll show you whatever you want to see. She will give whoever needs help a warm support. I gave the girl a big doll, what she wanted to have.

10. keep silent over this matter difficult to hear people over long distances There were over 300 million 1. a bridge over the river 2. There is a book over the table. 3. He put the newspaper over his head. 4. He ruled over a large kingdom. 5. jump over the bicycle 6. The doctor leaned over the sick child. 7. If we can ’ t go over the mountain we must go round it. 8. The car ran over a dog and killed it. ①

11. Will you be at home over Christmas? continue to play over the next five years Let ’ s talk more over dinner. Take a rest over a glass of wine. I don ’ t want to say it over / on telephone. I heard it over / on the radio. They lived just over /across / opposite the street. ② ③ ④ difficult to hear people over long distances