1. Plant Diversity

2. What are Plants? Multicellular (made of many cells) Eukaryotes (cells have nucleus & organelles) Cell Walls made of Cellulose Autotrophs –Photosynthetic using chlorophyll a & b

3. Survival Plants need 4 things: 1)Sunlight: without light they cannot get energy 2)Water & Mineral: needed for photosynthesis 3)Gas Exchange: take in CO 2 & let out O 2 4)Movement of Water & Nutrients: food made by plant needs to get to all parts of the plant

4. First Plants What organism have we covered that looks like a plant? –Multicellular GREEN ALGAE –Thought to have started in the ocean

5. Mosses & Bryophytes Non-vascular Plants –Don’t have tissues transporting water through them Dependent on Water –Take in water through osmosis Bryophytes Include: –Mosses, Liverworts, & Hornworts

6. 1)Mosses 2) Liverworts 3) Hornworts

7. Seedless Vascular Plants Include: –Club Mosses –Horsetails –Ferns Most numerous Have true roots, leaves, & stems

8. Vascular Tissue Vascular Tissue: –transfers water & nutrients through the plant Traicheids: cells specialized to move water Xylem: cells that move water up the plant Phloem: cells that move nutrients and carbohydrates made by photosynthesis

9. True Integral Parts These are the 1 st plants to show: –True Roots: underground organs that absorb water and minerals –True Leaves: photosynthetic organs that contain vascular tissues –True Stems: supporting structures that connect roots and leaves; carry water

10. Seed Plants Can reproduce without water! Why? –They have flowers or cones –Transfer sperm by pollination –Embryo is protected in seed

11. Types of Seed Plants Two Types: –Gymnosperms have seeds directly on surface of cones –Angiosperms (Flowering Plants) have seeds that are protected by a layer of tissue (i.e. Fruit: has tissue around seed)

12. Angiosperms 2 Types: Dicots & Monocots

13. Life Span Three Categories: –Annual: flowering plants that complete life cycle in one growing season –Biennial: complete their life cycle in two years –Perrenial: flowering plants that live more than 2 years