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Kingdom Plantae Characteristics: Eukaryotic (has a nucleus)

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Presentation on theme: "Kingdom Plantae Characteristics: Eukaryotic (has a nucleus)"— Presentation transcript:

1 Kingdom Plantae Characteristics: Eukaryotic (has a nucleus)
Autotrophic – Photosynthetic Contains Chlorophyll & Large Vacuole Cellulose in cell wall Most multi-cellular Sexual/Asexual reproduction

2 Evolution Plants most likely evolved from green algae
Over time plants developed vascular tissue and seeds

3 3 Main Plant Groups Seedless non-vascular Seedless vascular
Seed vascular Gymnosperms Angiosperms

4 Seedless Non-vascular
Known as Bryophytes Ex. Mosses, liverworts, hornworts Found in damp areas Small and low growing Alternation of generations- reproduction

5 Bryophyte Reproduction
Gametophyte produces eggs and sperm Sperm fertilizes an egg to form a zygote Zygote becomes a sporophyte Sporophyte produces spores Spores become gametophytes

6 Seedless Vascular Ex. Club mosses, horsetails, ferns
Live in shady, damp environments Grow larger than non-vascular plants due to vascular tissue Alternation of generations

7 Seedless Vascular Reproduction (FERNS)
Gametophyte produces eggs and sperm Sperm fertilizes an egg to form a zygote Zygote develops into a sporophyte Sporophyte (sporangium) releases spores Spores develop into gametophytes

8 Seed Vascular Plants Adapted to drier environments
Produce seeds and have vascular tissue 2 Main groups: Gymnosperms Angiosperms

9 Tissue Types of Seed plants
THREE tissue types: Dermal tissue Protective, outer covering of plant Vascular tissue Xylem: conducts water through plant Phloem: conducts sugars and foods Ground tissue Between dermal and vascular tissues Used for support

10 “Organs” of Seed Plants
Specialized tissues form these different structures: Roots Stems Leaves

11 Roots Absorbs water and nutrients from the soil Anchors plant
Two types: Tap root- one main root with many root hairs Fibrous root- many small, branching roots

12 Stems Allows for transport of substances between roots and leaves
Produces leaves, branches, flowers Supports plant (leaves held up)

13 Leaves Absorbs light and carries out photosynthesis Produces food
Exchanges gases with environment (stomata)

14 Gymnosperms “Naked Seed”- seeds are not protected in an ovary
Known as the “Cone-bearers” Ex. Gnetophytes, cycads, gingkoes, conifers (pine, spruce, etc.)

15 Gymnosperms Gnetophytes Gingkoes Cycads Conifers

16 Angiosperms “Vessel Seeds”- seed is protected in an ovary (fruit)
Known as “Flowering plants” Two Groups Monocots Dicots

17 Monocots vs. Dicots SEEDS One cotyledon (seed leaf) Two cotyledons
LEAVES Parallel veins Branched veins FLOWERS Parts in multiples of three Parts in multiples of four or five STEMS Vascular bundles are scattered Vascular bundles are arranged in a ring ROOTS Fibrous roots Taproot

18 Flower Parts

19 Angiosperms- Reproduction
Mature sporophyte produces flowers Flowers contain anther (male) that releases pollen (sperm) Flowers contain ovary where eggs are found Pollen lands on stigma (female) travels down style to fertilize egg Seed forms and ovary ripens (becomes a fruit) Seed develops into sporophyte

20 Plant Uses Food Medicine Furniture Building materials Paper Clothing
Etc.


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