1. War Coming to an End ► ► by April 1945 the German army was being squeezed btw. the Allies in the West and the Soviets in the East ► ► Hitler committed suicide ► ► Germany surrendered in May, war in Europe was over – V-E Day AUDIO: 21:30 – 32:57 End of War, POW, making it home to Berlin. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BvEMvuJiwTU

2. War in the Pacific ► ► Although the allies decided to defeat Hitler first, they did not stop fighting in the Pacific ► ► Two prong (branch) strategy: 1. 1. Land forces under the command of General Douglas MacArthur 2. 2. Naval forces ► ► Major victories: 1. 1.Battle of the Coral Sea 2. 2.Battle of Midway (turning point in the war in the Pacific)

4. War in the Pacific ► ► Allies continued to push Japanese back ► ► Civilian leaders and emperor were ready to end the war, but military leaders would not back down General Tojo

5. Japanese Internment Camps in the United States ► ► Reading passage Video!! http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SPi0Aqx_kyw&safe=act ive http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SPi0Aqx_kyw&safe=act ive

6. The Atomic Bomb ► ► FDR died in April, 1945 ► ► Harry Truman was sworn in as President of the US and learned of the atomic bomb ► ► FDR established a top secret project in 1941 to develop an atom bomb – The Manhattan Project ► ► The damage of such a bomb would be horrendous

7. Weighing the Costs ► ► The US knew the following: 1. 1. Attacking Japan would cause large numbers of civilian and US soldier casualties (women and children were being trained to fight) 2. 2. Invasion would be costly

8. Dropping the Atomic Bomb ► ► Summer 1945 - Allies offered again for Japan to surrender, they did not ► ► August 6 – US plane dropped an atom bomb on the city of Hiroshima- between 80,000 and 120,000 were killed, thousands more died because of burns and radiation poisoning ► ► Japanese still did not surrender

9. Second Bomb ► ► Second bomb dropped on Nagasaki on August 9 – 35,000 to 75,000 were killed ► ► Japan surrendered on August 14 Bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki video: ► ► https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NF4LQ aWJRDg https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NF4LQ aWJRDg ► ► https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LXKLG RB4Hhg https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LXKLG RB4Hhg

10. Lasting Effects ► ► Flash burns ► ► Radiation exposure – led to cancer, infertility, skin damage, death Hiroshima before and after Burn victim – her dress pattern was burned into her skin

11. Japan Remembers Today Annual day of remembrance for the victims of the atomic bomb.

12. Sadako and the Thousand Paper Cranes Read this blog to learn the story of Sadako Sasaki: http://nicolaeene.blo gspot.com/p/home.h tml