1. Sudden Oak Death California Department of Food and Agriculture

2. Phytophthora ramorum - SOD Caused by the fungus-like organism Phytophthora ramorum. First identified in 1993 in Germany and the Netherlands on Rhododendron and Viburnum. 1995 - a new disease killing tanoak and oak trees was observed in California. In 2000, the pathogen was confirmed to be P. ramorum. Natural infections limited to Europe, California and a small portion of Oregon. Problem in plant nurseries!

3. Sudden Oak Death Related to Phytophthora infestans, the causal agent of late blight of potato Soil-borne organism, which can cause root, canker, and above-ground infections. Spread by soil and water splash (irrigation, rain, wind-blown rain…). Favored by relatively cool temperatures (68 F) and high moisture.

4. SOD - Hosts Coast Live Oak ( Quercus agrifolia ) Tanoak (Lithocarpus densiflorus) Shreve’s Oak (Quercus parvula v. shrevei) Canyon Live Oak (Quercus chrysolepis) Coast Redwood (Sequoia sempervirens) Douglas-Fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) Wood Rose (Rosa gymnocarpa) California Buckeye (Aesculus californica) Bigleaf Maple (Acer macrophyllum) Madrone (Arbutus menziesii) Manzanita (Arctostaphylos manzanita) Camellia Pieris Rhododendron & Azalea Viburnum California Bay Laurel (Umbellularia californica) California Honeysuckle (Lonicera hispidula)

5. SOD- Associated Hosts Grand Fir (Abies grandis) Horse-Chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum) Strawberry Tree (Arbutus unedo) Mountain Laurel (Kalmia latifolia) Victorian Box (Pittosporum undulatum) Southern Red Oak (Quercus falcata) Northern Red Oak (Quercus rubus) Poison Oak (Toxicodendron diversiloba) European Yew (Taxus baccata) Lilac (Syringa vulgaris) California Hazelnut (Corylus cornuta) Sweet Chestnut (Castanea sativa) Formosa Firethorn (Pyracantha koidzumii)

6. Distribution of SOD in CA

8. Sudden Oak Death Oak Symptoms

9. Sudden Oak Death Tanoak – shoot dieback and branch cankerMaple - tipburn Viburnum - Shoot dieback Rhododendron – leaf blight

10. Sudden Oak Death Treatment? There are currently no treatments recommended for naturally infected areas. Fungicide sprays may be used to help reduce disease in nurseries. Eradication is being attempted in many areas where the pathogen has been detected – burning, deep burial, disinfection of contaminated area. Continue and increase the National Survey - CAPS.

11. http://www.cnr.berkeley.edu/comtf/index.html http://www.invasivespecies.net/database/welcome/ National Forest Health Monitoring  http://fhm.fs.fed.us/sp/sod/sod.shtm