1. Making a foldable for STATES OF MATTER
Follow our instructions to create your matter foldable
Move through the powerpoint at your own pace and FOLLOW all the RED prompts to complete your foldable

2. Flap 1- ?
Solid
Label your 1st flap SOLID and copy down this picture
These particles represent Atoms (if the solid is an element) or Molecules (if the solid is a compound)
Record the info in arrow ON the solid flap on your foldable

3. Flap #1- Speed of particles: solid
How are the particles moving?
Tightly packed particles DO NOT move past each other. They vibrate in place.
The animation on this slide is meant to show students that the atoms in a SOLID object are moving, but cannot move past one another.
Copy the 2nd bullet point in the SOLID section of foldable
© 2013 S. Coates

4. The only time particles of matter do NOT move, is when the temperature is absolute zero (-459 F)

5. Solids have a DEFINITE SHAPE
Shape: solid
Take the wooden block- place it in the beaker
Now place it in the petri dish
Can you fit it in the flask? (Don’t try, just think about it)
What do you notice about the shape of a solid-does it change?
Solids have a DEFINITE SHAPE
Copy the last bullet point in solid section of foldable

6. Solids have DEFINITE VOLUME
Volume: solid
Take the wooden block and place it in the beaker
Now place it in the petri dish
Could you get it into the flask? (Don’t try, just think about it)
Does the block take up more or less space depending on its container? Has its volume changed?
Solids have DEFINITE VOLUME
Copy the last bullet point in solid section of foldable

7. Examples: Solids Wooden block Marble
Add two more examples of solids on your own
Record these 2 examples and YOUR OWN examples in foldable under solid section

8. Flap 2- ?
Liquid
Label your 2nd flap LIQUID and copy down this picture

9. Flap #2- Speed of particles: liquid
How are the particles moving in a liquid?
Tightly packed particles SLIDE past each other.
The animation on this slide is meant to show students that the atoms in a liquid are relatively close together, but slide past one another.
Copy the 2nd bullet point in the LIQUID section of foldable

10. Shape: liquid
Measure 50mL of water into the graduated cylinder
Pour it into the beaker.
Use the funnel to pour it into the flask
What do you notice about the shape of a liquid-does it change in each container?
Liquids have NO DEFINITE SHAPE (they take the shape of the container) Copy the last bullet point in liquid section of foldable

11. Liquids have DEFINITE VOLUME
Volume: liquid
Carefully pour the water from the flask back into the graduated cylinder
How much water is in there?
Have you added/subtracted any liquid to the water? Has its volume changed?
Liquids have DEFINITE VOLUME
Copy the last bullet point in liquid section of foldable

12. Examples: liquids Water Juice
Add two more examples of liquids on your own
Record these 2 examples and YOUR OWN examples in foldable under liquid section

13. Flap 3 - ?
Gas
Label your 3rd flap GAS and copy down this picture

14. Flap #3- Speed of particles: gas
How are the particles moving in a gas?
Particles are not tightly packed together, and have so much energy they slip past each other quickly.
The animation on this slide is meant to show students that the atoms in a GAS move quickly and can spread a further distance than the atoms in solids and liquids.
© 2013 S. Coates
Copy the 2nd bullet point in the GASsection of foldable

15. Gases have NO DEFINTE SHAPE (They take the shape of the container)
Shape: Gas
Observe the following: Does the gas have the same shape in each container?
Gases have NO DEFINTE SHAPE (They take the shape of the container)
Copy the last bullet point in gas section of foldable

16. Volume: Gas
Observe the following: Does the gas fill the container?
What if I change the size of the container? Does the gas take up a different amount of space?
Gases have NO DEFINTE VOLUME (They can expand or compress to fill the container)
Copy the last bullet point in liquid section of foldable

17. Think about spraying air freshener or body spray, this fragrant gas will expand to fill a room because gas has no definite volume!

18. Examples: gas Air Smoke Add two more examples of gases on your own
Record these 2 examples and YOUR OWN examples in foldable under liquid section

19. 4th Phase of Matter: Plasma
Label your 4th flap PLASMA and write down this information
Particles are moving so quickly it is hard to see what they are actually doing.
This animation is meant to show students that PLASMA is the phase of matter that is the fastest moving and it is impossible to see exactly how the atoms are moving.
© 2013 S. Coates

20. Examples of Plasma on Earth
Plasma on Earth: lightning, fire
© 2013 S. Coates
Copy down all the examples of plasma under the plasma flap

21. Phases of Matter Phase Motion of Particles Speed of Particles Solid
Let’s summarize:
Phase
Motion of Particles
Speed of Particles
Solid
Particles vibrate in place
Slow
Liquid
Particles are close, but can slide past one another
Medium
Gas
Particles are constantly moving everywhere
Fast
Plasma
Unknown
Faster than we can see
© 2013 S. Coates

23. Physical Properties of Three States of Matter
Phase
Definite Shape?
Definite Volume?
Solid
Liquid
Gas
Plasma
YES
YES NO
YES NO NO
© 2013 S. Coates

24. Copper Phases - Solid

25. Copper Phases - Liquid

26. Copper Phases – Vapor (gas)

27. What do we call it when matter changes from one state to the next?
MELT
VAPORIZE
FREEZE
CONDENSE
SUBLIMATION

28. 1. A Review of the States of Matter
What phase of matter has the particles with the least amount of motion?
Solid
Copy down the following review QUESTIONS AND YOUR ANSWERS
ON THE BACK OF YOUR FOLDABLE! OR
ANSWER THE QUESTIONS USING A COMPLETE SENTENCE!!!

29. 2. A Review of the States of Matter
What temperature do particles show NO motion?
Absolute zero

30. 3. A Review of the States of Matter
What type of motion do particles have in a gas state?
Very far apart and they move very quickly.

31. 4. A Review of the States of Matter
What properties do liquids and solids have in common?
Definite volume

32. 5. A Review of the States of Matter
What properties do liquids and gases have in common?
Both take on the shape of the container they are in.

33. 6. A Review of the States of Matter
Infer: A scientist places 25 mL of a yellow substance into a 50 mL container. The substance quickly fills the entire container. Is it a solid, liquid, or gas and why?
Gas- takes the shape and volume of the container.

34. 7. A Review of the States of Matter
Why can I smell cookies baking in the kitchen when I am on the other side of the house?
Gases have no definite volume and will fill the container they are in.

35. 8. A Review of the States of Matter
What is the fourth state of matter?
Plasma

36. 9. A Review of the States of Matter
Which description best describes a solid?
It has a definite shape and volume
It has a definite shape but not definite volume
It adjusts to the shape of its container
It can flow A

37. 10. A Review of the States of Matter
In which state of matter do particles stay close together, yet are able to slip past one another?
liquid

38. STOP HERE!!!!

39. So HOW does matter change its state?

40. Phases of Matter Energy is what changes a phase of matter.
Argon BOILS at -186°C, so when you hold it at room temperature you can see ALL 3 phases at the same time.
States of matter can change phases. Any change in phase is caused by ENERGY (usually in the form of heat). Adding energy to a solid will cause it to melt, taking energy from a gas will cause condensation, etc.
© 2013 S. Coates

41. Energy is the ability to do work or cause change.
What is energy?
Energy is the ability to do work or cause change.

42. Kinetic Energy Kinetic Energy is the energy of motion
Particles with a lot of kinetic energy move fast and far apart
Particles with little kinetic energy move slow & close together
Particles with a lot of kinetic energy
Particles with little kinetic energy

43. Thermal Energy
The total kinetic energy of all the particles in a sample of matter is called thermal energy.

44. Temperature
Temperature is the average kinetic energy of the individual particles in a substance
So… if it is hot more kinetic energy, if cold less kinetic energy.

45. Heat
The movement of thermal energy from a substance at a higher temperature to one at a lower temperature is called heat.

46. Changing states
Matter can change from one state to another when thermal energy is released or absorbed.
This is called a change of state.

47. Melting
The change from the solid state to the liquid state is melting.
The temperature at which a substance changes from a solid to a liquid is called the melting point.
Melting is when matter absorbs thermal energy, and its temperature rises.

48. Freezing
The change from the liquid state to the solid state is called freezing.
The temperature at which a substance changes from the liquid state to the solid state is called the freezing point.
Energy is released during freezing.
After all of the liquid has become a solid, the temperature begins to decrease again.

49. Vaporization
The change from a liquid to a gas is known as vaporization.
The temperature of the substance does not change during vaporization.
However, the substance absorbs thermal energy.

50. Vaporization Two forms of vaporization exist.
Vaporization that takes place below the surface of a liquid is called boiling.
The temperature at which a liquid boils is called the boiling point.
Vaporization that takes place at the surface of a liquid is called evaporation.

51. Evaporation
Evaporation, which occurs at temperatures below the boiling point, explains how puddles dry up.
It takes more than speed for water molecules to escape the liquid state.
During evaporation, these faster molecules also must be near the surface, heading in the right direction, and they must avoid hitting other water molecules as they leave.

52. The opposite of vaporization is called condensation, which occurs when a gas loses enough thermal energy to become a liquid. The change of state from gas to liquid is called condensation.

53. Condensation As a gas cools, its particles slow down.
When particles move slowly enough for their attractions to bring them together, droplets of liquid form.
This process, which is the opposite of vaporization, is called condensation.

54. Sublimation
Some substances can change from the solid state to the gas state without ever becoming a liquid.
During this process, known as sublimation, the surface particles of the solid absorbs enough energy to become a gas.
Picture from

55. Deposition
Deposition moving directly from a gas to a solid state
The opposite of sublimation

56. State Change Pyramid Gas Liquid Solid Sublimation Vaporization
Absorbing
thermal energy
Releasing
thermal energy
Gas
Sublimation
Vaporization
Deposition
Condensation
Freezing
Melting
Liquid
Solid

57. ADDED Solid Liquid Phases of Matter
The added energy has caused the chocolate particles to speed up. Before they were vibrating in place, now they are moving fast enough to slip past one another.
Is ENERGY being ADDED or TAKEN AWAY in this phase change:
Solid
Liquid
© 2013 S. Coates

58. ADDED Liquid Gas Phases of Matter
Is ENERGY being ADDED or TAKEN AWAY in this phase change:
ADDED
The added energy has caused the water particles to speed up. Before they were moving fast enough to slip past one another, now they have enough energy to break away from one another and expand.
Liquid
Gas
© 2013 S. Coates

59. Taken Away Liquid Solid Phases of Matter
Is ENERGY being ADDED or TAKEN AWAY in this phase change:
Taken Away
Taking away energy from a rain drop slows the water molecules down so that they no longer slide past one another.
Liquid
Solid
© 2013 S. Coates

61. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ghl33n26d44 Iceland volcano clip