1. History of Haircuts FROM 3000 B.C. To present Day Дубовицкая М. В.

2. Hair styles and design  Hair styles and design practices have been around since time immemorial. It is not known whether Adam and Eve used to do their hair but highest chances are they took some time to groom themselves. Nonetheless, their hairstyles might not have been the fancy ones you see on the red carpets during those big events. Technology improved with time. Scissors, razors and other paraphernalia used in hairstyling were invented. Early Greek, Roman and Egyptian hairstyles had to be among the finest in during the time. They were so good that they are still being used several thousands of years later.

3. History of Hair from the Ancient Civilizations The earliest known hair styles dates back to Paleolithic era when the statue of Venus of Willendorg, also known as the Woman of Willendorf, was unearthed in Austria. Later, the Venus of Brassempouy, about 25,000 years old was excavated in France, that had the checkerboard-like design with shallow incisions at right angles.

4. EGIPT Then they would have a choice of short or long hair. Young girls wore plaits, braids or sometimes ponytails. The older men and women would wear wigs to hide their lack of hair or the greyness of it. Due to being exposed to the sun the wig would help protect the Egyptian’s hair from sun damage.

5. Cleopatra  There is something so elegant about Cleopatra's jet black, braided 'do (seen here on Elizabeth Taylor). It's strong and bold, just like she was.

6. Greece  To contrast from the Egyptians, classical Greece hairstyles where pulled back into a chignon style and was grown much longer.  Many styles involved braiding the hair and fixing it to the head and decorating with flowers, headbands, ribbons and pieces of metal. Blondes were very rare and therefore many women tried dying their hair blonde and also red.  Ancient Greece hairstyles also involved sprinkling Gold powder into the hair. Men would have short or shaved hair and they would wear beards unless they were a soldier.

7. ROME Today elaborate hairstyles like Lady Gaga’s are deemed controversial and radical but in the Roman times the more complex and outrageous her hairstyle the more attractive she was because she has spent hours perfecting her style which indicated her wealth. They would use false hair pieces like we do today to make their hair look thicker and longer. Women would either wear their hair down in ringlets or up in highly, sophisticated braids and knots. They decorated their hair mainly with pearls and jewelled hair pins.

8. ROME Simple hairstyles would consist for women wearing their hair down and confining it from the face by using a band circling the head. Young girls wore a simple bun at the base of the neck. However, in the reign of the Emperor Augustus simple hairstyles changed and detailed hairstyles came into fashion. In Ancient Rome hairstyles became an expression of a person’s identity as much as it is today and again the style determined the persons wealth, status, gender and age. For women, their hair indicated how attractive and wealthy she was. In early Roman times, men would have long hair and full beards but this changed to them having short hair and clean- shaven faces. Caesar’s hair began to go thin and he would wear a laurel crown to hide this as it was a sign of degeneracy. To contrast the Emperor Nero wore curling hairs that framed his face and later started the trend for sideburns.

9. The East   This kind of hair cut was limited to people with high social positions over time, whilst women were to use head pieces with gems and jewels in the forehead. The Greek culture changed all this as Buddha was shown with curly hair in the style of a bun, atop his head. In the period between 320 - 550 women’s hair was generally cut short and they would use longer hair to create a style, if their hair was tied it was in a bun to the side of their head or near the nape of her neck.  Men would also have long shoulder-length hair that was often braided. Since the 6th Century, in India amongst the Muslim community the hair was concealed in public for both men and women. Men would wear a turban or fez. Women would wear a traditional veil. In the 7th century, several sultans from Damascus, Persia and Afghanistan started to invade India, which caused a blend of Muslim and Indian costumes. Their hairstyle did not change much as most of the women’s hair was black, long, with braids or tied in chignons at the nape.

10. China   Chinese hairstyles vary depending on the age of the woman and her marital status and the reason for their hair being extremely long was because it was considered disrespectful to cut hair because it was inherited from their parents. Girls (and unmarried women) would usually wear their hair long and braided as for unmarried women. For married women this is reversed as their hair is tied up, with the odd loose curl to show that she is already married. Many Chinese women used a hair piece called a Buyao ("Shake as you Go").  The Manchu regime of the time dictated that men must shave the front of the head and style the rest of their hair in braids, tied with black silk. This has been a tradition only recently broken by the last emperor as he trimmed his queue(ponytail) symbolising the of changing habits, in 1922.

11. Japan In Japan women’s hairstyles where quite different from Chinese styles. In the 7th Century noble women wore their hair tight to their head with a sickle-shaped ponytail at the back (kepatsu). However, after this period and up until 1345 fashion dictated that women should wear their hair long and unbound as a sign of beauty. In the Edo Period (1603-1868), women took on much more elaborate styles, in particular they would wear a variety of different buns, decorated with hairsticks, ribbons, flowers and combs. The next 100 years indicate the same style but with a much larger comb onto of the head, which would have had ribbons ad sticks located near the back of the head (being very heavy). But there were also women who would adopt a much simplistic style such as the "box shimada" which consisted of hair being looped on top of the head and a projecting box at the nape of her neck. The bun was also worn on top of the head and secured with a pin.

12. INDIA There was a belief that in women's hairstyles gods live. So often women do reminiscent of the temples. Hairstyles are also made of one or more of the braids. Braids were diverse, complex weaving. They tied up, stacked or intertwined on his head, at the base for strength overtighten thin black thread. Using pins, or rowed, hoops, rings, ribbons, flowers, strands of beads made of precious and semi-precious stones, pearls. In the sculptures of old times There are many common hairstyles with a scythe.

13. Africa  In Africa there where many tribes and with that plenty of different customs. Masai warriors would spend hours braiding each other’s hair. They did their hair red with a natural hair pigment which is mixed with animal fat to create a paint texture. This tribe also wears a headdress. Women will have their heads shaved when they are married to symbolizes a new beginning.  Women have a different kind of hairstyle as they braid their hair into a cone- shaped basket ( creating a crown)which is held in place by bones shaped like needles. The tribe had simple ponytails that were covered by headscarves. But these styles represented different meanings to each tribe. Dyed and stiffed hair which was achieved by applying dung were common hairstyles in ancient Africa.

14. Middle Ages Beautiful Lady was fragile and thin, almost ethereal, with white as the lily, skin and big blue eyes. Long golden tresses fell to her hips. Young girls wore their hair loose. Married women had to hide her hair under a blanket so that only her husband - lord and master - could admire their beauty. Although the guardians of morality considered sinful woman's natural desire to look better than it is. "Those who make their hair curly, must go to hell, because no other way for them there" - a replica of a medieval play.

15. The Western World A woman’s hairstyle in this period was very simple as she would wear her hair long, usually to her knees or longer, with two plaits running down both sides. She would also wear her hair in a chignon, for those hotter days! The Catholic church wanted all women to wear veils as female hair was considered erotic and owned by their husbands. In the 13th - 14th century it was popular to create three braids that were tied at the back of the head and decorated with nets and ornaments as was the forehead. Married women would have covered their hair with Barbettes, veils, hairnets and hats to avoid showing her hair. In the Renaissance period women plucked out the front hairline to give the appearance of a higher forehead, the hair was pulled back tight so an elaborate headpiece could be used to show off their wealth. The style also involved many braids that entwined within and around each other, much of which we see at weddings today.

16. FRANCE The Marquise de Pompadour was King Louis XV's fashionable mistress, and her elaborately teased, upswept hair was imitated by high-society women throughout the country.

17. Marie Antoinette was clearly a firm believer in the "go big or go home" philosophy. Her frivolous lifestyle extended beyond her closet and onto her lavishly styled mane The Pompadour is the retro inspiration for today's look of voluminous or 'big hair'. The style is named after Jean Antoinette Poisson, a French woman who was also known as Marquise de Pompadour. She was recognized for the way she styled her hair; the hair was brushed back and volume was added at the front and above the forehead, to give a lift to the hair. The hair was either brushed straight back or into a roll that was worn high. This look was emulated by many women and was known to look very elegant.

18. Great Britain. Victorian Style Girls, you've probably heard something about the Victorian style. Once upon a time it was a whole epoch, named in honor of Queen Victoria of Great Britain. Many years have passed, but the Victorian style is still popular, not only in architecture and interior design, but even in hair and clothing design.

19. Russia in different ages

20. The beginning of 19 century  In 1904, the German Charles Nestle invented method permed hair. In the fashion is short haircut. The World War I forces women into male occupations, now they have no time to wind curls..

21. The decade of 1920-1930 brought two technological advances: the first handheld blow dryer and substantial improvements in the perm machines.

22. 20 century  No one can wear this style quite like Bardot did. And no matter how many times we try to recreate it, it will never be the same.

23. Thank you!