1. Sarawak Forestry Corporation
HIGH QUALITY PLANTING MATERIALS FOR FOREST PLANTATION DEVELOPMENT IN SARAWAK
Julaihi Abdullah
Sarawak Forestry Corporation

2. INTRODUCTION CURRENT STATUS ISSUES AND CHALLENGES THE WAY FORWARD
PRESENTATION OUTLINE
INTRODUCTION
CURRENT STATUS
ISSUES AND CHALLENGES
THE WAY FORWARD

3. INTRODUCTION
1 million hectares was set as a target for planted forests by 2020
43 LPF licenses have been issued with plantable area of 1.3 million hectares
Achievement as at December 2012 : 304,120ha (30%)
To plant up the remaining 700,000 hectares from of planted forests, 800 million seedlings needed
The availability of high quality planting materials is a pre-requisite for a successful forest plantation development in Sarawak . To plant up the remaining 700,000 hectares from of planted forest by year 2020, we need approximately 800 million seedlings.
The main species planted are:
Acacia mangium (Acacia superbulk, Acacia hybrid)
Paraserianthes falcataria (Batai)
Neolamarckia cadamba (Kelampayan)
Eucalyptus spp. (E. deglupta and E. pellita)
Hevea brasiliensis (Rubberwood – Latex timber clone (LTC)
Dipterocarp spp (Shorea, Dryobalanops, Dipterocarpus)
The different types of planting materials are:
Seed
Cuttings
Tissue culture
Wildings
These materials are sourced from both local and overseas.
The current local supply of seed are from Borneo Tree Seed Supply Sdn Bhd (BTSS), Sarawak Planted Forest Sdn Bhd(SPFSB) and Sarawak Forestry Corporation (SFC).
R&D on quality planting materials by the local institution in collaboration with overseas research institution (CSIRO) is ongoing.

4. NEED FOR HIGH QUALITY PLANTING MATERIALS
Optimum
Growth & Yield
High Quality
Planting
Materials
High Quality
Pulp & Wood
Pests & Diseases
Free Plantation
The availability of high quality planting materials is a pre-requisite for a successful forest plantation development in Sarawak . To plant up the remaining 700,000 hectares from of planted forest by year 2020, we need approximately 800 million seedlings.
The main species planted are:
Acacia mangium (Acacia superbulk, Acacia hybrid)
Paraserianthes falcataria (Batai)
Neolamarckia cadamba (Kelampayan)
Eucalyptus spp. (E. deglupta and E. pellita)
Hevea brasiliensis (Rubberwood – Latex timber clone (LTC)
Dipterocarp spp (Shorea, Dryobalanops, Dipterocarpus)
The different types of planting materials are:
Seed
Cuttings
Tissue culture
Wildings
These materials are sourced from both local and overseas.
The current local supply of seed are from Borneo Tree Seed Supply Sdn Bhd (BTSS), Sarawak Planted Forest Sdn Bhd(SPFSB) and Sarawak Forestry Corporation (SFC).
R&D on quality planting materials by the local institution in collaboration with overseas research institution (CSIRO) is ongoing.
Maximum
Return On
Investment

5. Main Tree Plantation Species Planted by LPFs’ Holders
Acacia mangium (Acacia, superbulk, Acacia hybrid)
Paraserianthes falcataria (Batai)
Eucalyptus spp. (E. deglupta and E. pellita)
Neolamarckia cadamba (Kelampayan)
Hevea brasiliensis (Rubberwood – Timber Latex Clone)
Dipterocarp spp.

7. Supply of planting materials
Types of Planting
Materials:
Seed
Cuttings
Tissue Culture Plantlets
Wildings
Local suppliers: Borneo Tree Seed and Seedling Supplies Sdn Bhd (BTSS), Sarawak Planted Forest Sdn Bhd( SPFSB) and Sarawak Forestry Corporation (SFC)
Imported seeds sourced from : Australia, Indonesia, Philippines, Solomon Island

8. CURRENT STATUS OF R&D DEVELOPMENT FOR THE FOLLOWING SPECIES IN SARAWAK

9. Acacia mangium

10. Acacia mangium
About 50,000 ha to be planted annually
50 million seedlings is required annually :
(1,000 kg of seeds)
Current production capacity
SPFSB : 60 ha of SPA produce 100 kg of seeds/year
BTSSS: 20 ha produce kg of seeds /year
LPF holders: produce the seeds themselves or purchase it from overseas
BTSSS: produce seedlings from cutting for hybrid

11. Acacia mangium……..continue
Current Status
R & D findings from overseas available
Need to improve to suit local conditions
R & D conducted by individual LPFs
Action Plan
Seed production area(SPA) and Seed orchard (SO)
Need to establish 600 ha of SPA/seed orchard immediately
Increase SPA, seed orchard and clonal seed orchard in existing plantation
The future plan is to establish clonal seed orchard
SFCSB shall provide technical assistance

12. Paraserianthes falcataria (Batai)

13. 2. Paraserianthes falcataria (Batai)
Current status
No research done on the improvement of planting material
Seeds imported from overseas (Indonesia, Solomon Islands, Philippines)
Action Plan
Tree breeding programs need to be conducted (SFC & LPFs)
SPA to be established in LPFs
Potential mother trees to be identified for breeding purposes

14. Eucalyptus spp. (E. deglupta and E. pellita)

15. 3. Eucalyptus spp. (E. deglupta and E. pellita)
Current status
Seeds purchased from oversea (Solomon Islands & Australia)
Trial plots have been establish by SPFSB since 2007
Initial growth is promising
Samling (LPF0014) is carrying out research on cross breeding of E. deglupta and E. pellita under controlled cross pollination & cuttings
Action Plan
Its potential needs further R&D before it could be considered for planting on a large scale

16. Neolamarckia cadamba (Kelampayan)

17. 4. Neolamarckia cadamba (Kelampayan)
CURRENT STATUS
SPAs have been established throughout Sarawak by SFC
Provenance trial is currently being carried out
Seedling germinated from seed (1 gram = 20,000 seeds,
1 kg=20 million seeds)
Tree improvement through genetic engineering is ongoing
Seeds from selected mother tree is now available for planting
Action Plan
Germplasm needs to be established
Issues on site specific & pests attack need to be addressed

18. (Rubberwood – Timber Latex Clone)
5. Hevea brasiliensis
(Rubberwood – Timber Latex Clone)
R&D done by Lembaga Getah Malaysia(LGM)
One of the species recommended by Malaysian Timber Industry Board (MTIB)
20-25 year rotation

19. Dipterocarp species

20. 6. Dipterocarp species
Shorea spp (Meranti), Dryobalanops spp (Kapur) and Dipterocarpus spp (Keruing)
Current status
Potential species for forest plantation identified
SPA established
Cutting technique established
Tissue culture is ongoing
Issues
Irregular fruiting,
recalcitrant(seed cannot be stored for more than 6 months)
30-40 year rotation

21. THE ISSUES AND CHALLENGES
Insufficient supply of high quality planting
materials
No Federal funding for R&D (since RMK10)
R & D conducted by individual LPFs and not coordinated
Pest and Disease Outbreak e.g Ganoderma (red root rot), Ceratocystis (wilt disease), heart rot, borers attack, etc
The

22. THE WAY FORWARD
Strengthen R&D on production of high quality planting materials
Identify the best mother trees
Ascertain the genetic variation of mother trees
Setting up technical consultative committee for R&D
FD/SFC to coordinate R & D with LPFs
Provide technical assistance to LPF holders
Monitoring and mitigation of Pest and diseases

23. THE WAY FORWARD (cont..) Seek more funding from State
Establish adequate clonal seed orchard, SPA
for selected tree species to produce high quality planting materials.
Development of growth and yield model
Capacity building – train more local experts and enhance collaboration with other research Institutions/ Universities
Appointment of Sarawak Forest Tree Seedbank, Semengoh to regulate the quality of seeds and planting materials

24. ROLES AND FUNCTIONS OF SARAWAK FOREST TREE SEED BANK, SEMENGOH
Coordinates seed registration, documentation and distribution
To produce high quality planting materials
of indigenous forest tree species and
exotic species
To provide seed testing and seed storage
facilities.
To establish and maintain Seed Production
Areas and Phenology plots

25. SARAWAK FOREST TREE SEED BANK

26. Borneo Tree Seeds and Seedlings Supplies Sdn Bhd, Bintulu
Seed Production Area for Acacia superbulk
Borneo Tree Seeds and Seedlings Supplies Sdn Bhd, Bintulu

27. Sarawak Planted Forest Sdn Bhd (SPFSB), Bintulu
PROVENANCE TRIAL PLOT
CLONAL ARCHIVE
Sarawak Planted Forest Sdn Bhd (SPFSB), Bintulu

28. SYARIKAT SAMLING TIMBER SDN BHD, BINTULU
Production of Planting Materials of Eucalyptus sp by Leafy Stem Cuttings
SYARIKAT SAMLING TIMBER SDN BHD, BINTULU

29. Controlled cross pollination of E. pellita and E. degluptax
E. pellita
E. deglupta

30. AKNOWLEDGEMENT Sarawak Planted Forest Sdn Bhd (SPFSB)
Borneo Tree Seed and Seedling Supplies Sdn Bhd (BTSS)
Samling (LPF0014)

31. THANK YOU

32. 60 ha of SPA produce 100 kg of seed/year BTSSS:
APPENDIX 1
Current production:
SPFSB
60 ha of SPA produce 100 kg of seed/year
BTSSS:
20 ha produce kg of seed /year
1 kg= 50,000 of seeds or can cater ha,
1 ha can produce about 2 kg of seeds
50,000 ha of Acacia plantation(20,000ha SPF & 30,000 other LPFs) requires 50 million seedlings(1,000 kg of seeds) annually

33. Research &Development (R&D)
APPENDIX 2a
Current Status
on Research & Development for selected species:
Species
Current status/ planting material
Sources
Agencies
Research &Development (R&D)
Acacia mangium
1. Superbulk
FNQ (Damper & Kuranda-Far North Queensland)
Borneo Tree Seed Supply (BTSS)/ CSIRO
Seed from good trees
Seed orchard
(SEGAN, LPF 0014)
BTSS/ CSIRO
2. Hybrid
Vietnam
(Forest Science Institute of Vietnam)
BTSS/CSIRO
Cross pollination (A.mangium X A.auriculiformis )
Own selection
From natural hybrid stands
Samling LPF 0014
3. A. mangium +
Sarawak Planted Forest Sdn Bhd (SPF) Seed production areas (SPA)
SPF/CSIRO
Seed collected from selected mother trees
4. A. mangium purchased from overseas
Indonesia, Philippines, PNG, North Queensland Australia

34. Research &Development (R&D)
APPENDIX 2b
Species
Current status/ planting material
Sources
Agencies
Research &Development (R&D)
Eucalyptus
1. E. pellita /
Clonal cuttings
Own SPA ,SEGAN
Australia Tree Seed Centre (ATSC), Australia
No R&D
2. E. deglupta
Philippines
NESEAAA MARKETING
3. Hybrid
Samling (LPF/0014)
Controlled Cross pollination between E. deglupta and E.pellita
Paraserianthes falcataria ( Batai)
Seed imported from overseas
Indonesia,
Solomon Islands, Philippines
SFC / Shin Yang
Breeding population composed of
selected mother trees from various breeding programs in Australia, Indonesia, Philippines, China, and PNG

35. APPENDIX 2c Species Current status/ planting material Sources Agencies
Research and Development (R&D)
Neolamarckia cadamba (Kelampayan)
1. Seeds
SPAs throughout Sarawak
SFC
Establish germplasm from West Malaysia, Sabah, Indonesia and Philippines
2. tissue culture
Protocol developed
Hevea brasilliensis (Rubber)
1. Latex timber clone (LTC)
Lembaga Getah Malaysia (LGM)
Group 1 : PB260, PB 350, PB 355 and PB 359(recommended)
Group 2: RRIM 928, RRIM 929, RRIM 2001, RRIM 2002, RRIM 2009, RRIM 2016, RRIM 2023, RRIM 2024, RRIM 2025, RRIM 2026 and RRIM 2027
Dipterocarp spp.
1. Shorea spp.
Seeds from good mother trees, vegetative propagation (cutting),
tissue culture
2.Dryobalanops spp.