2. 8.1 – I CAN DEMONSTRATE PRINCIPLES OF FIRST AID APPLICATION IN EMERGENCY SITUATIONS, SUCH AS SHOCK. SHOCK http://www.emedicinehealth.com/shock/article_em.htm

3. The mission of the Cane Ridge Academy of Health Management is to provide a solid academic foundation in a nurturing environment that prepares students with the professional skills necessary for post-secondary academics and healthcare related careers.

4. SHOCK DEFINED SHOCK SHOCK is a MEDICAL EMERGENCY in which vital organs and tissues of the body are not receiving adequate profusion. Depriving organs/tissues of oxygen and allows the buildup of waste products. SHOCK can result in serious damage or even death.

5. 8 TYPES OF SHOCK Hemorrhage - excessive blood loss Septic – acute systematic Infection Cardiogenic - Heart attack Neurogenic – spinal cord disruption Anaphylactic – allergic reaction..food, insect, meds Respiratory - Lack of adequate oxygenation Psychogenic – overwhelming emotional factors Metabolic – body fluid imbalances

6. HEMORRHAGE EXCESSIVE BLOOD LOSS

7. HOW DIRECT PRESSURE WORKS https://youtu.be/_HgTRoesu8M

8. SEPTIC SYSTEM WIDE INFECTION

9. CARDIOGENIC HEART ATTACK

10. NEUROGENIC DISRUPTION OF THE SPINE

11. ANAPHYLACTIC ALLERGIC REACTION

12. RESPIRATORY DIFFICULTY OR NOT BREATHING

13. PSYCHOGENIC

14. METABOLIC LOSS OF HOMEOSTASIS

15. SIGNS & SYMPTOMS  Pale or blush skin color (hypoxic)  Skin cool to the touch  Diaphoresis (excessive perspiration) – clammy skin  Rapid, weak pulse  Shallow, rapid respirations (Hyperventilation)  ↓ BP (hypotensive)  General weakness & confusion  Anxiety & extreme restlessness  Excessive thirst, nausea, and/or vomiting  Blurred vision & vacant stare  Pupils may dilate

16. 4 STAGES OF SHOCK 1. Initial Stage 1. Initial Stage – low blood flow is detected, body calls on systems to react in order to maintain homeostasis, INCREASED HR, body shunts blood from less vital organs to major organs, kidneys work to retain fluid in circulatory system ….patient may not exhibit and signs or symptoms and is reversible 2. Compensatory Stage – O2 deficient QUICK MEDICAL INTERVENTION may reverse 2. Compensatory Stage – STAGE I reactions start to fail, inability to maintain adequate profusion prevails, O2 deficient in the brain causes patient to become confused or disorientated, chest pain due to cardio O2 deficient, QUICK MEDICAL INTERVENTION may reverse

17. STAGE 3-4 = DEATH 3. Progressive Stage PERMANENT 3. Progressive Stage – IRREVERSAIBLE..the length of time without adequate profusion begins to take a PERMANENT toll on the body’s organs & tissues, heart’s capability to function spirals downward, kidneys usually shut down completely, Cells in organs & tissue are dying. 4. Refractory Stage 4. Refractory Stage – Eventual complete organ failure leads to death! Stages could last from minutes, hours, & days depending type and severity Stages could last from minutes, hours, & days depending type and severity

18. GOLDEN HOUR  Refers to the period following a traumatic injury…..medical intervention within the GOLDEN HOUR can give a victim the highest likelihood to prevent death.  Traumatic injury survival rates drastically decrease after 60 minutes.

19. Golden Hour Trauma Survival STATS

21. TREATMENT FOR SHOCK CAB’s………..BACK TO THE BASICS ! IMMEDIATE MEDICAL INTERVENTION  Eliminate source….  Provide adequate oxygen supply  ↑ circulation, especially to brain & heart  Maintain body temperature Direct pressure Rescue Breathing CPR IMMEDIATE TRANSPORTATION & 911 Activation

22. POSITIONING OF VICTIM  Do NOT move victim if you suspect head, neck, or spine injury  Keep victim flat on back to improve circulation  Elevate legs and feet 12” (increase blood flow to head/brain)  If bleeding or vomiting from mouth, place in recovery position (on-side)  If breathing problems present, may elevate head and shoulders slightly

23. Feet elevated above heart…12 inches

24. SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS  Cover victim with blanket/jacket to maintain body temperature.  AVOID giving food or drink. (surgical situations)  Ice chips, a wet cloth to moisten lips is acceptable.  If it’s ugly…..COVER IT UP!  Calmly reassure victim.  Discourage crowd from gathering. (comments)

25. Addition Resources: Article: http://www.emedicinehealth.com/shock/article_em.htm File: SHOCK.docxSHOCK.docx You Tube: Shock Narrative Music

26. ASSESSMENT SHOCK QUIZLET https://quizlet.com/24247901/shock-flash-cards/

27. SHOCK EXIT TIKET 1.Define Shock. 2.Significance of the “Golden Hour” as related to trauma injury survival 3.Describe Stage 1 4.Describe Stage 2 5.Describe Stage 3 6.Describe Stage 4 7.List the 8 types 8.List 4 possible causes of shock 9.Position for victim who is light head or faint (No head/neck/spine injury suspected) 10.Time is ________________________ 11.I HAVE DEMONSTRATED PRINCIPLES OF FIRST-AID APPLICATION IN EMERGENCY SITUATIONS, SUCH AS SHOCK.