1. Pages 403-405 LEQ: When caring for a shock victim, how does the type of shock determine the treatment?

2.  Also Called Hypoperfusion Defined as: “a clinical set of signs and symptoms associated with an inadequate supply of blood to body organs, especially the brain and heart”

3.  When shock occurs, the body attempts to increase blood flow to the brain, heart, and vital organs by reducing blood flow to other body parts.

4.  Cyanosis  Cool Skin  Diaphoresis  Tachycardia  Tachypnea  Hypotension  Weakness, Confusion, or Unconsciousness  Anxiety and Restlessness  Excessive Thirst, N/V  Blurred Vision, Sunken eyes, & Dilated Pupils

5. Can be life threatening.

6.  Hemorrhage (excessive loss of blood)  Excessive Pain  Infection  Heart Attack  Stroke  Poisoning (by chemicals, drugs or gases)  Lack of O2  Psychological trauma  Dehydration

7.  Allergic Reaction to food, meds, stings, bites, or chemicals  Body releases histamines which causes vasodilation (blood vessels get larger) and hives (urticaria)  Respiratory Distress may occur and is Life Threatening.  http://www.youtube.com/watch ?v=Ftyx5gVx_d0 http://www.youtube.com/watch ?v=Ftyx5gVx_d0

9.  Heart Muscle Damage from MI or Cardiac Arrest  Heart is unable to pump and BP drops

10.  Severe Bleeding or loss of plasma  Decrease blood volume causes blood pressure to drop  Decreased blood flow to body cells  Decrease in blood volume

11.  Severe N/V, diarrhea, heat illness, or diabetes  Decreased amount of fluid causes dehydration and disruption in normal acid-base balance of the body. Bp drops & less blood circulates to the cells.

12.  Injury to the brain and/or spinal cord injury  Nervous system loses the ability to control the size of blood vessels and hypotension occurs  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qcnsZ5fM lw4 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qcnsZ5fM lw4

13.  Emotional distress such as anger, fear, or grief  Emotional response causes massive vasodilation and causes hypotension (Fight or Flight)

14.  Choking, Trauma to the Respiratory Tract or chronic disease  Interferes with the Oxygen exchange between the lungs and the blood stream

15.  Acute Infection (Toxic Shock Syndrome)  Poisons or toxins in the blood cause vasodilation and hypotension  Usually documented along with Septicemia

18. Treatment for shock is directed at: Eliminating the cause Improving circulation, especially to the heart Providing adequate oxygen supply Maintaining Body Temp. (98.6)

23. The position for treating shock is based on the victims injuries. Head Injury: Apply pressure on the injury and keep the victim laying flat. Do Not elevate head or lower extremities. Chest Injury: Raise the head and shoulder slightly Nausea/Vomiting or Unconsciousness: Keep the victim lying on one side (known as recovery, coma or lateral position) preferably opposite from his injury except for sucking wound and stroke.