1. What are the causes of Football Hooliganism?

2. Causes of Football Hooliganism
Alcohol and drug abuse
Bad socialisation: They do not share mainstream norms/values
Increasing difference between the culture of the lower working classes and the middle classes
Causes of Football Hooliganism
Marginalisation: lower classes do not feel part of the system. Suffer 'Status Frustration'
Too strongly identified with a club, team or nation
Media amplification. The effects of newspaper and news reports

3. Who are the hooligans?
Most of the evidence on hooligan offenders suggests that they are generally in their late teens or their 20s (though some 'leaders' are older),
That they are mainly in manual or lower clerical occupations or, to a lesser extent, are unemployed or working in the 'grey' economy,
They come mainly from working class backgrounds.

4. Who are the 'Casuals'?
'Casuals' use their conspicuous consumption of expensive and stylish clothing as another means of competing with their hooligan rivals.

5. Who are the 'Casuals'? Why are they like this?
Taylor argues that the recent violence by English fans abroad is the specific product of an upwardly mobile and 'detached' fraction of the 'Thatcherised' working class.
This class has a certain residual solidarity born of neighbourhood and gender, but it is generally individualistic, chauvinistic and racist.
Why are they like this?

6. What is typical hooligan behaviour?
Much of the behaviour which is commonly described as 'hooliganism' is actually ritualistic and non-violent (Marsh et al, 1978). This involves:
Verbally abusing rival fans,
Threatening them with attack,
General horseplay aimed at 'having a laugh'.

7. What is typical hooligan behaviour?
Core hooligans, however, do seem more interested in fighting or 'running' rival groups who are, in their eyes, like themselves and who are also 'looking for trouble'.

8. Marisa Raciti, wife of murdered Italian Police officer Filippo Raciti stands with her 8-year-old son Alessio and 14-year-old daughter Fabiana at his funeral on February 4, 2007 in Catania, Italy. Raciti died of his injuries received during clashes between football hooligans after the Catania Calcio v Palermo Serie A match.

9. But what about Heysel, 1985?

10. What happened?
The Heysel Stadium disaster was an accident that occurred due to football hooliganism in which a retaining wall of the Heysel Stadium in Brussels collapsed on May 29, 1985 during a football match between Liverpool and Juventus. 39 people were killed, mostly Italian Juventus fans. The match was the final of the 1985 European Cup tournament.