1. UNIT 8 REVIEW

2. The Solar System is divided into two main parts The Solar System is divided into two main parts the inner planets and the outer planets. the inner planets and the outer planets.

3. The inner planets are called the The inner planets are called the terrestrial planets. terrestrial planets.

4. The outer planets are called the The outer planets are called the gas giants. gas giants.

5. INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION (ISS) DATE: Launched by NASA on November 20, 1998. KEY NOTES: A habitable artificial satellite in low Earth orbit. The largest artificial body currently in orbit. 6 astronauts currently live there.

6. What is the difference between the inner planets and the outer planets? Inner – Terrestial, closer to Sun Outer – Gas Giants, further from Sun

7. What celestial body is the center of our solar system? Sun

8. How does the planet Mercury contrast with the planet Saturn? Mercury is a small, terrestrial planet while Saturn is a large, gaseous planet.

9. What are the names of the eight planets scientists recognize orbiting the Sun? Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune

10. The most studied planet in our solar system besides the Earth. Known as the red planet, this is the furthest terrestrial planet from the Sun The most studied planet in our solar system besides the Earth. Known as the red planet, this is the furthest terrestrial planet from the Sun Mars Mars

11. The only planet known to have life, it is the largest of the terrestrial planets and takes about 24 hours to rotate once and about 365 days to orbit the Sun one time. Earth Earth

12. This terrestrial planet is more like the Earth than any other. Because of the extreme carbon dioxide in its atmosphere, this is the hottest planet even though it is not the closest planet to the sun. This terrestrial planet is more like the Earth than any other. Because of the extreme carbon dioxide in its atmosphere, this is the hottest planet even though it is not the closest planet to the sun. Venus Venus

13. HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE DATE: Launched on April 24, 1990. KEY NOTES: Space telescope launched by NASA; has recorded some of the most detailed images of space ever; observations have led to breakthroughs in astrophysics..

14. The closest planet to the Sun and the smallest of the terrestrial planets. The closest planet to the Sun and the smallest of the terrestrial planets. Mercury Mercury

15. The largest planet in our solar system and the closest of the gas giants to the Sun. This planet has over 60 moons – including four of the largest moons known as the Galilean moons. The largest planet in our solar system and the closest of the gas giants to the Sun. This planet has over 60 moons – including four of the largest moons known as the Galilean moons. Jupiter Jupiter

16. A unit of measurement scientists use when measuring distances in space. The average distance from the Sun to Earth – about 149,600,000 km. A unit of measurement scientists use when measuring distances in space. The average distance from the Sun to Earth – about 149,600,000 km. Astronomical Unit Astronomical Unit

17. The second largest planet in our solar system, this gas giant is known for the rings that surround it. The second largest planet in our solar system, this gas giant is known for the rings that surround it. Saturn Saturn

18. VOYAGER 1 DATE: Launched by NASA on September 5, 1977. KEY NOTES: Part of the Voyager program – space probes launched to study the outer planets. Voyager 1 is the farthest spacecraft from Earth and was the first spacecraft to enter interstellar space.

19. The only celestial body that orbits planet Earth – takes about 28 days for it to orbit Earth once and lights our night sky. The only celestial body that orbits planet Earth – takes about 28 days for it to orbit Earth once and lights our night sky. Moon Moon

20. The furthest planet from the Sun, this planet is the smallest of the gas giants. It takes the longest to orbit the sun – 163 years! The furthest planet from the Sun, this planet is the smallest of the gas giants. It takes the longest to orbit the sun – 163 years! Neptune Neptune

21. Because of its distance from the sun and its tilt, this is one of the coldest planets. It is the third gas giant from the Sun. Because of its distance from the sun and its tilt, this is one of the coldest planets. It is the third gas giant from the Sun. Uranus Uranus

22. This Galilean moon is the fourth largest moon from Jupiter and is the third largest moon in the solar system. It is also the most heavily cratered object in the solar system. Callisto

23. The period of time it takes a planet to rotate once. The period of time it takes a planet to rotate once. Rotation Rotation

24. This is the path an object in space follows as it revolves around another object, such as the Earth around the sun or a moon around a planet. This is the path an object in space follows as it revolves around another object, such as the Earth around the sun or a moon around a planet. Orbit Orbit

25. APOLLO 11 DATE: July 20, 1969. KEY NOTES: Spaceflight that landed the first humans on the moon. Americans Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin.

26. These rocky celestial bodies revolve around the Sun. Most of these can be found between Mars and Jupiter. They vary in shapes and sizes but are mostly made of stone, iron, and nickel. These rocky celestial bodies revolve around the Sun. Most of these can be found between Mars and Jupiter. They vary in shapes and sizes but are mostly made of stone, iron, and nickel. Asteroid Asteroid

27. The period of time it takes a planet to orbit around the Sun once. The period of time it takes a planet to orbit around the Sun once. Revolution Revolution

28. This Galilean moon is the third largest moon from Jupiter and is also the largest moon in our solar system – even bigger than the planet, Mercury. This Galilean moon is the third largest moon from Jupiter and is also the largest moon in our solar system – even bigger than the planet, Mercury. Ganymede Ganymede

29. These celestial bodies are made of ice and rock and follow an elliptical orbit coming very close to the Sun and swinging out as far as Pluto. They are usually hard to see, but as they approach the Sun, they begin to release gas and dust and are lit up by sunlight to form large tails. These celestial bodies are made of ice and rock and follow an elliptical orbit coming very close to the Sun and swinging out as far as Pluto. They are usually hard to see, but as they approach the Sun, they begin to release gas and dust and are lit up by sunlight to form large tails. Comet Comet

30. When meteoroids are strike the Earth’s atmosphere, they burn up in bright streaks called this. When meteoroids are strike the Earth’s atmosphere, they burn up in bright streaks called this. Meteor Meteor

31. This Galilean moon is the most volcanically active body in the solar system and the closest Galilean moon to Jupiter. This Galilean moon is the most volcanically active body in the solar system and the closest Galilean moon to Jupiter. Io Io

32. These celestial bodies are stone-like or metal-like debris that travel in outer space. They may have been formed by collisions between other bodies in the solar system – some of them may even be parts of other planets. These celestial bodies are stone-like or metal-like debris that travel in outer space. They may have been formed by collisions between other bodies in the solar system – some of them may even be parts of other planets. Meteoroid Meteoroid

33. This Galilean moon is the second largest moon from Jupiter and has an icy surface that most likely floats on top of a liquid ocean. The ocean beneath this icy surface likely has an environment that could support life forms. This Galilean moon is the second largest moon from Jupiter and has an icy surface that most likely floats on top of a liquid ocean. The ocean beneath this icy surface likely has an environment that could support life forms. Europa Europa

34. The second largest moon in the solar system, this moon belongs to the planet, Saturn. The second largest moon in the solar system, this moon belongs to the planet, Saturn. Titan Titan

35. A visible streak of light which shows the path of a rocky object that has entered Earth’s atmosphere is – A visible streak of light which shows the path of a rocky object that has entered Earth’s atmosphere is – A meteor A meteor

36. This is the area between Mars and Jupiter where most of the asteroids in the solar system are found. This is the area between Mars and Jupiter where most of the asteroids in the solar system are found. Asteroid Belt Asteroid Belt

37. Europa, a Galilean moon, is quite different from Earth’s Moon. One characteristic it shares with Earth’s moon is that Europa – Europa, a Galilean moon, is quite different from Earth’s Moon. One characteristic it shares with Earth’s moon is that Europa – Orbits a planet Orbits a planet

38. Most of the asteroids in our solar system are located between the orbits of what two objects? Most of the asteroids in our solar system are located between the orbits of what two objects? Mars and Jupiter Mars and Jupiter

39. Galilean moons orbit which planet? Galilean moons orbit which planet? Jupiter Jupiter

40. If any meteor survives through the Earth’s atmosphere and hits the ground, it is called this. If any meteor survives through the Earth’s atmosphere and hits the ground, it is called this. Meteorite Meteorite

41. The force of attraction between two masses. Gravity Gravity

42. As two objects move further away from each other, what happens to the gravitational pull? As two objects move further away from each other, what happens to the gravitational pull? It Decreases It Decreases

43. The orbital paths of objects in our solar system are the result of What? The balance between the motion of the bodies and gravitational forces.

44. MASS AND DISTANCE What two factors affect the strength of the gravitational pull? What two factors affect the strength of the gravitational pull?

45. What science tool advanced space exploration by allowing humans to see better and farther into space? What science tool advanced space exploration by allowing humans to see better and farther into space? Telescope Telescope

46. The gravitational attraction between two objects is reduced most when – The gravitational attraction between two objects is reduced most when – The masses are decreased, and the distance between them is increased. The masses are decreased, and the distance between them is increased.

47. The path an object in space travels as it revolves around another object, such as Earth around the Sun or the moon around the Earth. Orbit Orbit

48. EXPLORER 1 DATE: Launched by the United States on February 1, 1958. KEY NOTES: The first satellite of the United States;.

49. What is the value of using a space probe for exploration? What is the value of using a space probe for exploration? It increases the ability to take longer trips and gather information with no crew. It increases the ability to take longer trips and gather information with no crew.

50. SPUTNIK 1 DATE: Launched by the Soviet Union on October 4, 1957. KEY NOTES: The first artificial satellite to orbit Earth. The launch helped create new political, military, scientific, and technological developments.

51. If Neptune’s mass was reduced, what could be done to maintain the same force of gravitational attraction between Neptune and the Sun? Decrease the distance between Neptune and the Sun.

52. NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION (NASA) DATE: Formed July 29, 1958. KEY NOTES: The United States government agency responsible for the civilian space program as well as aerospace research.

53. Some scientists are planning a manned space mission to a rocky planning slightly farther from the Sun than Earth. To which planet are they sending astronauts? Some scientists are planning a manned space mission to a rocky planning slightly farther from the Sun than Earth. To which planet are they sending astronauts? Mars Mars

54. PIONEER 1 DATE: Launched by the United States on October 11, 1958. KEY NOTES: The first spacecraft launched by NASA. Launched with the intention to study the moon but did not make it that far.

55. What is an important requirement for manned spacecraft traveling through space? What is an important requirement for manned spacecraft traveling through space? A supply of oxygen for the astronauts. A supply of oxygen for the astronauts.