1. MEMORY PERSPECTIVES: DATA ANALYSIS Week 9 Practical

2. WEEK 8 PRACTICALMEMORY PERSPECTIVES WEEK 1 WEEK 2 WEEK 3 WEEK 4 WEEK 5 WEEK 6 WEEK 7 WEEK 8 WEEK 9 WEEK 10 LECTURE 1PRACTICAL NONPARAMETRICS 11 ST PRACTICAL NONPARAMETRICS 21 ST ANALYSIS IN SPSS SAMPLING DISTRIBUTIONS 1 ST ANALYSIS BY HAND HYPOTHESIS TESTING 2 ND PRACTICAL RELATED T-TEST 2 ND ANALYSIS IN SPSS INDEPENDENT T-TEST INDEPENDENT ANOVA DEPENDENT ANOVA 2 ND ANALYSIS BY HAND 3 RD PRACTICAL 3 RD ANALYSIS IN SPSS NO LECTURENO PRACTICAL No practical

3. LEARNING OUTCOMES BY THE END OF THE SESSION, YOU SHOULD BE ABLE TO: Use SPSS to test the second research question in the memory perspectives practical and interpret the output. Use SPSS to test the first research question in the memory perspectives practical and interpret the output. Make a start on writing up your RESULTS and DISCUSSION sections for your lab report. MEMORY PERSPECTIVES

4. RESULTS The first 2 columns show subject id and group membership. The last two columns show recall for LIST A (BURGLAR) and LIST B (BUYER). MEMORY PERSPECTIVES (Perspect 0 = BURGLAR; Perspect 1 = BUYER)

5. RESULTS In SPSS, Independent t-test may be found under analysis > compare means > independent-samples t test. Independent t-testRATIO + BETWEEN Ss + 2 GROUPS Q1: Do ‘BURGLARS’ and ‘BUYERS’ have different levels of recall for LIST A (burglar relevant items)? MEMORY PERSPECTIVES

6. RESULTS SPSS would like to know what the test variable (DV) is. At the moment, we’re just interested in LIST A recall. We also need to define our ‘grouping variable’ (IV) which is BURGLAR (0) or BUYER (1). We have to tell SPSS that our first group is assigned to the number value 0 and the second group to the number value 1. Independent t-testRATIO + BETWEEN Ss + 2 GROUPS Q1: Do ‘BURGLARS’ and ‘BUYERS’ have different levels of recall for LIST A (burglar relevant items)? MEMORY PERSPECTIVES

7. RESULTS Levene’s test assesses whether our two groups have homogeneity of variance. If Levene’s is NON-SIGNIFICANT we assume equality. Independent t-testRATIO + BETWEEN Ss + 2 GROUPS Q1: Do ‘BURGLARS’ and ‘BUYERS’ have different levels of recall for LIST A (burglar relevant items)? Now for the t-test: t(151) = 6.64, p <.001. MEMORY PERSPECTIVES

8. RESULTS In SPSS, Independent t-test may be found under analysis > compare means > independent-samples t test. Independent t-testRATIO + BETWEEN Ss + 2 GROUPS Let’s repeat this exercise for the second research question. MEMORY PERSPECTIVES Q2: Do ‘BURGLARS’ and ‘BUYERS’ have different levels of recall for LIST B (home-buyer relevant items)?

9. RESULTS Now, we’re interested in LIST B (buy_fea) recall rather than LIST A (burg_fea) recall, so switch these test variables around. Everything else can stay as it is. Independent t-testRATIO + BETWEEN Ss + 2 GROUPS MEMORY PERSPECTIVES Q2: Do ‘BURGLARS’ and ‘BUYERS’ have different levels of recall for LIST B (home-buyer relevant items)?

10. RESULTS Once again, Levene’s test comes through for us, supporting equal variance between the burglars and the buyers. Independent t-testRATIO + BETWEEN Ss + 2 GROUPS And the t-test: t(151) = -3.90, p <.001 MEMORY PERSPECTIVES Q2: Do ‘BURGLARS’ and ‘BUYERS’ have different levels of recall for LIST B (home-buyer relevant items)?

11. RESULTS Q2: Do ‘BURGLARS’ and ‘BUYERS’ have different levels of recall for LIST B (home- buyer relevant items)? Q1: Do ‘BURGLARS’ and ‘BUYERS’ have different levels of recall for LIST A (burglar relevant items)? LIST A BURGLARS > BUYERS MEMORY PERSPECTIVES LIST B BURGLARS < BUYERS What implications do these two hypotheses have for the memory perspectives account?

12. LEARNING OUTCOMESMEMORY PERSPECTIVES BY THE END OF THE SESSION, YOU SHOULD BE ABLE TO: Use SPSS to test the second research question in the memory perspectives practical and interpret the output. Use SPSS to test the first research question in the memory perspectives practical and interpret the output. Make a start on writing up your RESULTS and DISCUSSION sections for your lab report.

13. MEMORY PERSPECTIVES THERE IS NO PRACTICAL SESSION IN WEEK 10 CLARIFY ANY OUTSTANDING ISSUES YOU HAVE WITH YOUR TUTORS NOW...

14. DISCUSSION GET TOGETHER IN GROUPS OF THREE OR FOUR AND REFLECT ON TODAY’S EXPERIENCE USING THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS What are the flaws in this study? What do the inferential statistics NOT tell me about my results? Could I have made one- tailed hypotheses? How would this have changed the p value? MEMORY PERSPECTIVES