1. © 2013 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.  Disturbances in emotional experience that is strong enough to intrude on everyday living  Major depression: Severe form of depression that interferes with concentration, decision making, and sociability ◦ ____________ more likely to experience major depression 15- 1

2. © 2013 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.  Mania: Extended state of intense, wild elation  Bipolar disorder ◦ Formerly known as manic-depressive disorder ◦ Periods of alternating mania and depression  May occur over a few days or over a period of years  Periods of depression are usually longer than manic periods 15- 2

3. © 2013 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. 15- 3 Genetic and biochemical roots Result of feelings of loss or of anger directed at oneself Psychological causes Stresses of life produce a reduction in positive reinforcers Behavioral theories Response to learned helplessness Faulty cognitions (Aaron Beck) Cognitive factors Evolutionary psychology

4. © 2013 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.  Refers to a class of disorders in which severe distortion of reality occurs ◦ Characteristics 1.Decline from previous level of functioning 2.Disturbances of thought and speech  Formal thought disorder 3.___________________ 4.____________________________________________ 5.Emotional disturbances 6.___________________ 15- 4

5. © 2013 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. 1. Process schizophrenia ◦ Symptoms develop slowly and subtly 2. Reactive schizophrenia ◦ Symptoms are sudden and conspicuous 15- 5 Primary Courses Symptoms  Type I Schizophrenia ◦ ___________ symptoms are dominant  Type II Schizophrenia ◦ ___________ symptoms are dominant

6. © 2013 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.  Solving the puzzle of schizophrenia: Biological causes ◦ Genetic factors ◦ Structural abnormalities  Dopamine hypothesis 15- 6

7. © 2013 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. 15- 7

8. © 2013 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.  Environmental perspectives on schizophrenia ◦ Emotional and communication patterns of the families of people with schizophrenia  Expressed emotion: Interaction style characterized by high levels of criticism, hostility, and emotional intrusiveness within a family ◦ Cognitive perspective  Overattention or underattention to stimuli in the environment 15- 8

9. © 2013 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.  The multiple causes of schizophrenia ◦ Predisposition model of schizophrenia - Inherit a predisposition or an inborn sensitivity to schizophrenia ◦ If stressors are strong, and are coupled with a genetic predisposition, they result in the appearance of schizophrenia 15- 9

10. © 2013 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.  Characterized by a set of inflexible, maladaptive behavior patterns that keep a person from functioning appropriately in society 15- 10

11. © 2013 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.  Antisocial personality disorder 1.Show no regard for the moral and ethical rules of society or the rights of others 2._____________________________________________ 3.Impulsive and lack the ability to withstand frustration 4._____________________________________________ 5.May have excellent social skills  AKA __________________________ 15- 11

12. © 2013 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.  Borderline personality disorder 1.Difficulty developing a secure sense of who they are 2.Tend to rely on relationships with others to define their identity 3.Emotional volatility leads to impulsive and self- destructive behavior 4.Feel empty and alone 15- 12

13. © 2013 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.  Narcissistic personality disorder 1.Characterized by an exaggerated sense of self- importance 2.Expect special treatment from others 3.Inability to experience empathy for others 15- 13

14. © 2013 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. Symptoms according to the DSM 5  Discomfort if one is not the center of attention.  Inappropriate seductive, flirtatious, and provocative behavior.  Display of shallow and labile emotions.  Dressing in a manner to draw attention to themselves, e.g., low cut tops, short skirts.  Speech is overly impressionistic and shallow.  Dramatic, theatrical, and excessively emotional personal presentation.  Suggestible by others and the situation, prone to following fads.  Overestimates the level of intimacy in a relationship.

15. © 2013 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.  Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): Marked by ______________, _________________, low tolerance for frustration, and generally a great deal of inappropriate activity ◦ Produced by dysfunctions of nervous system  Autism: Severe developmental disability that impairs children’s ability to communicate and relate to others 15- 15

16. © 2013 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.  Dopamine threshold is lower than average:  Nervous system issues  Arousal  Adaptive reasons, i.e. think Evoultionary Psychology.

17. © 2013 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.  Autism: Severe developmental disability that impairs children’s ability to communicate and relate to others  DSM 5 criteria in short:

18. © 2013 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. 15- 18 Psychoactive substance-use disorder Alcohol use disorders Anorexia nervosa Bulimia Binge-eating disorder Eating disorders Sexual desire disorders Sexual arousal disorders Paraphilias Sexual disorders Organic mental disorders

19. © 2013 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.  Most recent version of DSM termed controversial ◦ Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder - Symptoms can be that of a child throwing a tantrum ◦ Binge eating disorder - Critics find new classification to be overly inclusive  Other cultures might include a list of disorders that are very different from the list that appears in the current DSM 15- 19