1. Copyright © Wondershare Software Introduction to WAP by: Nitin Govindan

2. Copyright © Wondershare Software Contents  WAP Introduction  WAP architecture requirements  Architecture overview  Components of WAP architecture  Sample Configuration of WAP technology  Usage, Advantages & Disadvantages of WAP  Summary

3. Copyright © Wondershare Software What is WAP ? An open, global specification that empowers mobile users with wireless devices to easily access and interact with internet information and services instantly. The wireless industry came up with the idea of WAP. The point of this standard was to show internet contents on wireless clients, like mobile phones

4. Copyright © Wondershare Software History of WAP WAP is a global standard and not controlled by any single company, Ericsson, Nokia,Motorola and unwired planet founded the WAP forum in the summer of June 26, 1997 with the initial purpose of defining an industry-wide specification for developing application over wireless communication networks

5. Copyright © Wondershare Software More points on wap WAP stands for Wireless Application Protocol WAP is an application communication protocol WAP is used to access services and information WAP is inherited from Internet standards WAP is for handheld devices such as mobile phones WAP is a protocol designed for micro browsers WAP enables the creating of web applications for mobile devices. WAP uses the mark-up language WML (not HTML) WML is defined as an XML 1.0 application

6. Copyright © Wondershare Software Popular WAP gadgets

7. Copyright © Wondershare Software This is how Internet works

8. Copyright © Wondershare Software WAP Architecture Web Server Content CGI Scripts etc. WML Decks with WML-Script WAP Gateway WML Encoder WMLScript Compiler Protocol Adapters Client WML WML- Script WTAI Etc. HTTPWSP/WTP

9. Copyright © Wondershare Software WAP application server WAP Application Server Content Application Logic WML Decks with WML-Script WML Encoder WMLScript Compiler Protocol Adapters Client WML WML- Script WTAI Etc. WSP/WTP

10. Copyright © Wondershare Software This how you access internet via WAP You turn on the device and open the minibrowser The device sends out a radio signal, searching for service. A connection is made with your service provider. You select a Web site that you wish to view. A request is sent to a gateway server using WAP. The gateway server retrieves the information via HTTP from the Web site. The gateway server encodes the HTTP data as WML. The WML-encoded data is sent to your device. You see the wireless Internet version of the Web page you selected.

11. Copyright © Wondershare Software And this is how a normal internet window view look with WAP

12. Copyright © Wondershare Software WAP protocol stack

13. Copyright © Wondershare Software Wireless Application Environment General Purpose Application Environment – based on combination of WWW and Mobile Telephony Technologies. Wireless Markup Language (WML), WMLScript.

14. Copyright © Wondershare Software Wireless Session Protocol (WSP) Opens a session of communication between client and server. Establishes protocol and negotiations Exchanges encoded data Exchanges requests and replies Supports asynchronous transmission of data.

15. Copyright © Wondershare Software Wireless Transaction Protocol (WTP) Deals with transaction and retransmission of data, separation and concatenation of data. Has a separate interface to manage WTP layer and settings of handheld device.

16. Copyright © Wondershare Software Wireless Transport Layer Security (WTLS) Security Protocol Used for secure communication between terminals Provides the following  Data Integrity  Privacy  Authentication  Denial-of-service protection

17. Copyright © Wondershare Software Wireless Datagram Protocol (WDP) Transport Layer Protocol. Offers consistent service and common interface to upper layers of protocols. Enhances communication between Bearer Services and upper level protocols.

18. Copyright © Wondershare Software Bearers Products that implement WAP in their network and technology. Eg : CDPD, Mobitex, GSM

19. Copyright © Wondershare Software WAP Network

20. Copyright © Wondershare Software WAP terms WAP Device - Is used to access WAP applications and content. It might be a PDA, handheld computer. WAP Client - Entity that receives content from Internet via a WAP Gateway. This is usually the WAP Browser. WAP Content/Origin/Application Server - Element in the network where the information or web/WAP applications resides.

21. Copyright © Wondershare Software Contd. WAP Gateway - Intermediary element used to connect two different types of network. It receives request directly from the clients as if it actually were the origin server that clients want to receive the information form. The clients are usually unaware that they are speaking to the Gateway. WAP Browser –Software running on the WAP device that interprets the WAP content arriving from the internet and decides how to display it on WAP device.

22. Copyright © Wondershare Software WML WML – Wireless Markup Language formerly called HDML (Handheld Devices Markup Language) Is a tag language that allows the text portions of Web Pages to be presented on cellular phones and Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs) via wireless access. WML is used for delivering data to WAP devices, and is HTML- like in its appearance. An alternative to WML is I-Mode’s cHTML language.

23. Copyright © Wondershare Software Difference between WAP/WML & HTML

24. Copyright © Wondershare Software HTML vs. HDML vs. WML Hyper Text Markup Language (HTML) is the language that is used to translate data to a web browser to be viewed by a user. Handheld Device Markup Language (HDML) is used to incorporate handheld or portable device applications such as a micro browser. Wireless Markup Language (WML) is a language derived from HTML that is used with WAP to incorporate WAP features.

25. Copyright © Wondershare Software WML Example Input Elements Deck Card Navigation Variables WML> </DO Welcome! Enter name: Choose speed: Fast Slow

26. Copyright © Wondershare Software Usage of WAP - Corporate Applications: Sales force automation where sales people use their WAP enabled handsets to get instant, direct access to the latest pricing, latest news, competitive information any time, anywhere. - Online Services: Banking: Users can get their current balance, transfer funds between accounts and receive fax of a mini-statement. Electronic Commerce: Subscribers can use their handset just like their PC to purchase products and services over the Web.

27. Copyright © Wondershare Software Contd. Prepaid Services: With a WAP-enabled phone, prepaid subscribers can see their current balance with the press of a button. By pressing another button, they can also recharge their account by entering a credit card or voucher number into the handset. -Personal Productivity Email: Using WAP users can keep track of their email right from their handset. -Others include: -Interactive Chat -Auctions -Games

28. Copyright © Wondershare Software Advantages of WAP open standard, vendor independent network-standard independent transport mechanism–optimized for wireless data bearers application downloaded from the server, enabling fast service creation and introduction, as opposed to embedded software

29. Copyright © Wondershare Software Disadvantages Speed of access: All devices have slow access. Limited or fragmented availability: Wireless web access is sporadic in many areas and entirely unavailable in other areas. Price: Many technology limitations are being addressed by higher-end devices and services. But the entry price for a good wireless web palmtop with decent display, keyboard, and speed is easily $700 to $900, not including monthly access. Lack of user habit: It takes some patience and overcoming the learning curve to get the hang of it -- connecting, putting in an address, typing. Users just aren't used to the idea and protocol yet. Small screens: For web phones, there's an incredibly small viewing area; palmtops are barely better

30. Copyright © Wondershare Software Summary WAP provides a markup language and a transport protocol that open the possibilities of the wireless environment and give players from all levels of the industry the opportunity to access an untapped market that is still in its infancy. The bearer-independent nature of WAP has proved to be a long- awaited breath of fresh air for an industry riddled with multiple proprietary standards that have suffocated the advent of a new wave of mobile-Internet communications. WAP is an enabling technology that, through gateway infrastructure deployed in mobile operator's network, will bridge the gap between the mobile world and the Internet, bringing sophisticated solutions to mobile users, independent of the bearer and network. Backed by 75 percent of the companies behind the world's mobile telephone market and the huge development potential of WAP, the future for WAP looks bright.

31. Copyright © Wondershare Software Refrences about.com http://compnetworking.about.com/od/wirelesswap/l/aa123000a.htm http://compnetworking.about.com/od/wirelesswap/l/aa123000a.htm howstuffworks.com http://www.howstuffworks.com/search.php?terms=wap http://www.howstuffworks.com/search.php?terms=wap wikipedia.org http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wireless_Application_Protocol http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wireless_Application_Protocol w3schools.com http://www.w3schools.com/wap/wap_intro.asp http://www.w3schools.com/wap/wap_intro.asp

32. Copyright © Wondershare Software