1. By: Muhammad Ali Khan 1 By Muhammad Ali Khan 1 ROLE AND NEED FOR DEEN (MAZHAB KI ZAROORAT )

2. Define Religion, also describing its necessity, importance and kinds of distinguishing between Revealed and Non Revealed religions. (2002) Despite the scientific and technological advancement the present society is facing moral decline and mental anarchy. In these circumstances elucidate the importance and effectiveness of Religion. (2007) Differentiate between the Din and Religion. State the important points of Co- Existence among Islam and world religions in the present scenario. (2010) Describe the necessity and importance of religion for man and its effects on human life. (2012) Question about need for religion 2

3. Important themes Define Religion its necessity Importance Its kinds of distinguishing between Revealed and Non Revealed religions Despite the scientific and technological advancement the present society is facing moral decline and mental anarchy,elucidate the importance and effectiveness of Religion Differentiate between the Din and Religion State the important points of Co-Existence among Islam and world religions in the present scenario. necessity and importance of religion for man its effects on human life

4. Concept-Dictionary Meaning 4 Zahab: Go, pass by, walk Mazhab: Method, belief or faith, manner. As per grammar, Mazhab is an adverbial Noun that shows the place or time of an action. (Tasheel,ul-adab, Filisaan ula-arb )

5. Concept 5 Religion as a “binding together” (Latin, religio, from the verb religare = “to bind together” Religion is a relationship between the religious devotee and that which is the object of religious devotion (the gods, God) a relationship that binds the two together to :- Who share the same or similar religious attitudes Bound with the object of its devotion

6. Religion is all about rituals and Faiths Gods  Allah  Shiva  Budhh  Zeus  Aherman  Yazdan Practices Practices (rituals)  Prayers  Meditation  Fasting  Alms  Youga  Experiences  Love/Ecstasy  Nothingness  Hell/Heaven  SacrificeBeliefs  Death  Immortality  Atonement  Fate  Prayer Spirits Spirits : Demons, Ancestors, Ghosts 6

7. Attempts at a Definition Emile Durkheim “A religion is a unified system of beliefs and practices relative to sacred things” Max Weber Refused to attempt a definition of religion. [Smart Man?] 7

8. Concept Spirituality- EB Taylor ( Social) Emotion Ethics Mathew Arnold (Literature) Emotional Appeal to accept Almighty Freud (Psychology) Only Rituals ? Humanity 8 8

9. DEEN Lots of Ins and Outs and What-Have-Yours Deen is neither a single phenomenon, nor a “thing” rather, it is a divine and dynamic collection of institutions, practices, beliefs and social order What's our Religion ? 9

10. Components of Deen 10 “Deen “ means absolute sovereignty (of Allah). “Deen” means absolute submission (of man to the absolute soverign). “Deen” indicate reward and accountability. “Deen” expresses a way of life or a code of conduct.

11. Difference b/w Deen and Mazhab 11  Concept  Frame of Reference  Canvas (Broader or Narrow)  Nature (Individual and Collective)  In religious connotation  Al-Kafiroon, Ale-Imran 19/IndAllah Islam, Al- Maida 3/Akmaltukum-Razaiyst, Al-Fatiha) 11

12. 12  It was just that the believers of Islam should have accepted and introduced Deen i.e., Deen-e-Islam  On the contrary, a self invented word, Mazhab was opted for against 'Deen', the proof of which is there in neither the Holy Qur’an nor any Prophetic tradition.

13. DeenMazhab 13  It is proved by the Holy Qur’an and Ahadees.  The Deen in the sight of Allah (SWT) is only Islaam "The Deen before Allah (accepted by Allah ) is Islam " (Aal-Imran 3:19)  Deen has been approved of and favoured by Allah "Today, I have completed your Deen, and have completed my bliss upon you and accepted for you Islam as a Deen." (Al-Mai’da 5:3)  Deen is complete "Today, I have completed your Deen..” (Al-Mai’da 5:3)  Deen is Pure “Unquestionably, for Allah is the pure religion. (Az-Zumar 39:3)  Not been used in the Holy Qur’an or Ahadees in this context.  There is no such proof in Mazhab rather Mazhab is Sectarianism.  There is no scope or rather an instance of Sectarianism or Mazaahib in Islaam. And is self made  Mazaahib are incomplete.  Hence, the whole way of life in Mazaahib is self-made law which is against Islaam.  Mazaahib are not pure;  indeed they are adulterated and have the combination of Statements, Proclamations, advices and suggestions which are self-made and are contradictory to Islamic concepts

14. Deen Mazhab 14  Deen has been chosen by Allah. “Indeed Allah has chosen for you this Deen…” (Al-Baqara 2:132 )  Only Deen will be accepted And whoever desires other than Islam as religion - never will it be accepted from him, and he, in the Hereafter, will be among the losers. (Aal-Imran 3:85)  The purpose of Jihad in Deen is to establish the Deen of Allah completely. “ And fight them until there is no fitnah and [until] the religion, all of it, is for Allah. And if they cease - then indeed, Allah is Seeing of what they do.” (Al-Anfal 8:39)  Mazaahib are Self-made and are made with human-intervention.  Since Mazaahib are self-made and against Islam undoubtedly it will not be accepted.  The purpose of Jihad (which cannot be called as Jihad, anyways) in Mazaahib is to continue the sect based on some Personality, Individuality, Community or Region.

15. Two Theories of Evolution of Religion/Deen  Islamic Point of View  7 Stages _Evolution of Religion  Atheism  Worshiping the Nature Fear and Greed  Totoism  Worshiping the Elders (Past)  Idolatry  Monotheism  In Future 15

16. Need of Religion/Deen Pascal Boyer’s Religion Explained (2001) Religion Provides Explanations People created religion to explain puzzling natural phenomena Religion explains puzzling experiences: dreams, forethought, etc Religion explains the origins of things Religion explains why there is evil and suffering 16

17. Need of Religion/Deen Religion provides comfort Religious explanations make mortality less unbearable Religion allays anxiety and makes for a comfortable world 17

18. Need of Religion/Deen Religion provides Social Order Religion holds society together Religion perpetuates a particular social order Religion supports morality 18

19. Cont… Religion is a cognitive approach People are superstitious; they will believe anything Religious concepts are irrefutable and Refutation is more difficult than belief 19

20. Encounter with Ideological Vacuum 20 Man cannot live in an ideological vacuum for long tendency towards a wrong ideology and false values His intellectual life is not filled with sound beliefs A superstitious and even destructive ideas may find way into his spiritual firmament man's tendency towards idolatry, man worship, diverse superstitions All this originates from spiritual vacuum. It is religion which can fill the ideological vacuum

21. Need of Religion All civilizations have their Religions, Great civilizations are not died, they attempt suicide All social system requires religion Religion and Science Guidance to Wisdom Religion as Change Agent for Natural, Spiritual, social needs 21

22. Cont… Universal Peace v/s Materialistic Development (survival of the fittest is questioned) Life after death– possibility only in religion Accountability here and in life after death Religion for Social Correction, Reformist movements Religion as Panacea 22

23. Liberal Arguments for need of Deen /Religion 23 August Comte Theological (Religion) Metaphysical ( Philosophy and Psychology) Positive Stage (Science) Napoleon says “It has kept the poor murdering the rich” Supernatural hope in dooms hopes (Imam Jaffar RA) Heaven and utopia are buckets in a well if one goes up other goes down Religion Rich in Miracle system and myths is needed 23

24. World is Religious today, even ! 24 “Worldwide, more than eight-in-ten people identify with a religious group,” says a new comprehensive demographic study of more than 230 countries and territories conducted by the Pew Research Center’s Forum on Religion & Public Life “There are 5.8 billion religiously affiliated adults and children around the globe, representing 84 percent of the 2010 world population of 6.9 billion,” the analysis states.

25. Cont… 25 2.2 billion Christians (32 percent) 1.6 billion Muslims (23 percent) 1 billion Hindus (15 percent) 500 million Buddhists (7 percent) 400 million people (6 percent) There are 14 million Jews 58 million people-slightly less than 1 percent of the global population belong to other religions

26. Cont… 26 Christians Vatican City 100% Christians, USA Majority of the Christians 230 Mi, More Jews in USA (66 Lac than Israel 59 Lac) Muslims Mauritania 99.9%, Maldives 99.4%,Yemen 99.1,Somalia & Afghanistan 99% 220 M in Indonesia, 177 Mi in India, KSA 26 M Hinduism 81 % Population of Nipal is Hindu, 957 M in India Majority of Jainism-5M, Bahai-2M,Sikhs-28M are also in India

27. Agnostics and Atheists 27 Japan (76%) Sweden (65.5%) Denmark (61.5%) Hong Kong 57% France (53.5%) Norway (51.5%)

28. Role of Religion  Points described in need for religion are also the role of religion as:  Example  To define good and bad we need religion and it is role of a religion to define good and bad. 28

29. Impact of Deen or Religion 29  Relationship between God and Man  Religion is one’s personal matter which has not influence on life in this world  They consider that the laws of the worldly life should be on logic and reason  Other religions bifurcate life into spiritual and material realms but Islam

30. Explanation of life 30  Religion leads man of an inner, most institute experience to the acceptance of unitary explanation of life  It is only religion that cultivates these virtues within man and impels him to automatic righteousness and adherence to duty to make sacrifices for the sake of others.  Without the backing of religion, morality is nothing more than arithmomancy, as without it, the sense of obligation disappears

31. Power to Endure Adversities of Life 31  Religion provides power for facing adversities and serves as a fortification against undesirable reactions of despair and hopelessness  A religious man, with firm belief in Allah, and of His munificence, does not find himself in utter desperation even in the worst moments, as he knows,he is under the protection of a Being who is Almighty.  Every problem can be solved and every deadlock can be resolved with His help,  Can overcome every disappointment and hopelessness

32. Strength for life- No Fear 32 Holy Quran says: "Surely those who are close to Allah, have no fear nor shall they grieve." (Surah Younus, 10:62) According to Dr. Durant, Behavior of a man who is not blessed with reliance on religion suffers from special confusion, and the life which has not the comforting support of religion, is an unbearable burden

33. Roots of Religious Sense 33  It covers the entire recorded history of human life and in pre-historic times Religious Institution are found  Islam is in harmony with nature which Allah has designed for man. ( Surah al -Rum,30 : 30)  Research carried out by sociologists and historians shows that places of worship have always had an influence on human life, and religion in its various shapes has been interwoven with its history

34. A thought ! 34 Is religion possible without GOD ? Is religion a cause to recognize the GOD ? Will religion end when human beings will reach at Heaven or Hell ? Hazrat Ali (RA) said “Mein ny apny Khuda ko apny eradon k totny sy pahchana” ( I recognized my God, when my intentions were doomed) 34

35. Epilogue 35 Even Rationalism w/o religion will be blunder As long as there is poverty, Desires and planning these will be gods there will be religion God is a beautiful manifestation of human wishes 35