1. Intro to Classification 6th Science

2. Definitions…  Classification: putting organisms into groups based on similar characteristics  Bacteria: Organisms in the kingdom Eubacteria; the smallest living things known  Colony: a group of the same kind of organisms living together  Protozoans: The more animal-like organisms in the kingdom Protista; able to move around and often live in water  Algae: Plantlike organisms in Kingdom Protista; usually can perform photosynthesis and are not mobile  Photosynthesis: A process that forms sugars from carbon dioxide and water using sunlight  Common name: A widely recognized name

3. Terms and Definitions  Classification: putting organisms with similar characteristics into groups  The Six Kingdoms (Groups) of Organisms:  1) Eubacteria  2) Archaebacteria  3) Protista  4) Fungi  5) Plantae  6) Animalia

4. 1) Kingdom Eubacteria  Bacteria – organisms in kingdom Eubacteria; the smallest living things known  Colonies – bacteria tend to live in groups called colonies

5. 2) Kingdom Archaebacteria  Archaebacteria:  Unicellular organisms similar to “normal” bacteria  Have cell walls that help them survive in extreme environments  Live in conditions that are poisonous to other living thing like…  Sulfur springs near volcanoes  Salty places like the Dead Sea

6. 3) Kingdom Protista  All of the unicellular organisms that do not fit into any other category  Two kinds of organisms:  1) Protozoans – the more animal-like organisms in the kingdom Protista; able to move around and often live in water  2) Algae – the more plantlike organisms in kingdom Protista; usually can perform photosynthesis and are not mobile

7. 4) Kingdom Fungi  Most organisms in this kingdom do not have cell walls  Most common examples are a mushrooms and fungi

8. Kingdom Plantae  Have chloroplasts as a part of the cell structure  The chlorophyll inside the chloroplasts helps a plant make its own food  Plants use photosynthesis to convert the energy in sunlight into sugar  Plants also release oxygen through photosynthesis  Cell walls give plants the support that their structures need

9. Kingdom Animalia  Multicellular  Cells do not have cell walls but skeletons support animals’ tissues and organs  Cannot make their own food  Vary in structure, size, and overall characteristics (ex. – flatworm compared to a gorilla)  Man is a special species of animal (homo sapiens)

10. Naming Organisms and Classification  Kingdom  Phylum  Class  Order  Family  Genus  Species

11. Example: Classification of a Polar Bear

12. Scientific Names  Carolus Linnaeus came up with scientific names for each organism.  Common name: a widely used name  A scientific name is made up of two names.  First name: genus name  Second name: species name  Example: Dogs  Scientific name: Canis familiaris  Canis: genus name  familiaris: species name

13. Scientific Names Continued…  Scientific name must be…  written in Latin  Italicized or underlined  Genus name is capitalized