1. Names and Formulas for Ionic Compounds Part 1

2. Types of ions Monatomic ion – ion with one atom Mg 2+ magnesium ion Cl - chloride ion Polyatomic ion – ion with more than one atom NH 4 + ammonium NO 3 - nitrate

3. Ionic Compound Marriage Metals are like men Nonmetals are like woman Typically who changes their last name?

4. Naming Ca” t ”ions Monatomic cation name stays the same –Sodium, Na goes to sodium ion, Na + –Calcium, Ca goes to calcium ion, Ca 2+ Polyatomic cation - look up in chart –NH 4 + ammonium

5. Naming Anions The name changes in a monatomic anion The ending for a monatomic anion is ______ide (like a bride changes her last name) –chlorine, Cl goes to chloride ion, Cl - –Fluorine, F goes to fluoride ion, F - Polyatomic anion look up in chart –OH - hydroxide –SO 4 2- sulfate

7. Question Time Given the neutral atom, give the charge and name of the monatomic ion that will form. (Look at periodic table group numbers for help.) 1.Na 2.Cl 3.Mg 4.S 5.P Na + sodium cation Cl - chloride anion Mg 2+ magnesium cation S 2- sulfide anion P 3- phosphide anion

8. Name the following polyatomic ions. (use your chart!) 6.NH 4 + 7.OH − 8.SO 3 2− 9.SO 4 2− 10.CN − ammonium cation sulfite anion sulfate anion cyanide anion hydroxide anion

9. Naming ionic compounds Name the cation first and then the anion second (+ then -) Example: CsF –Monatomic cations use the element name Cs + = cesium ion –Monatomic anions – change the ending to ide F - = fluoride ion Name: cesium fluoride

10. Will these form an Ionic Compound? If so what will the compound name be? 1.MgAl 2.AlS 3.MgO 4.NaN 5.CS No Yesaluminum sulfide Yesmagnesium oxide Yessodium nitride Notwo non-metals two metals

11. Formula Unit Formula Unit—the smallest whole number ratio of ions in a compound NaCl versus Na 2 Cl 2 Correct: Sodium Chloride NaCl

12. What will the formula be?  In ionic compounds, we must balance charges to form a neutral compound  To do that, we “crisscross the charges”  Always reduce to get the formula unit Ca + N Ca 2+ + N 3- Ca 3 N2N2 Both have a total charge of 6 (3 Ca 2+ = +6; 2 N 3- = -6)

13. Practice Given the following elements, predict the formula. (hint first identify the ion charge) 1.K, Br 2.Ca, Cl 3.Li, S 4.Mg, N 5.Ba, P

14. Formula Unit with Polyatomic ions Sometimes you will need to use more than one polyatomic ion to balance a charge. If so, you need to put it in parenthesis (like a package) and use a subscript for the multiple number Ex: Mg 2+ and NO 3 - These charges do not balance so we must crisscross them Mg 1 (NO 3 ) 2 (we don’t need the 1) Mg (NO 3 ) 2

15. Transition Metal Ions Metals form cations Some transition metals only have one ionic charge –Silver (Ag + ), Cadmium (Cd 2+ ), Zinc (Zn 2+ ) Some transition metals can take on more than one charge. –Copper (Cu +, Cu 2+ ) Charge is determined from the number of electrons lost

16. Naming Transition Metal Ions If a transition metal has more than one charge, the charge is written as a Roman numeral in parenthesis Some metals need a middle name Fe (iron) has more than one charge: 2+ and 3+ – Fe 2+ iron(II) – Fe 3+ iron(III) If the transition metal only has one charge, no Roman numeral is needed

17. Naming Ionic Compounds with Transition Metals First find the charges of the ions Then name the cation followed by the anion –Iron(III) oxide Try this one: Fe 3 P 2 the charge on iron is a 2+ iron(II) phosphide Given: Fe 2 O 3

18. Identify the charge on the transition metal: 1.copper (II) nitrate 2.gold (I) chromate Name the compound: 1.FeO 2.Zn(OH) 2 3.CoPO 4 2+ 1+ iron (II) oxide zinc hydroxide cobalt (III) phosphate Question Time