1. NAME THAT VERB! ACTION PG. 6 LINKING PG. 7 HELPING PG. 7 TRANSITIVE/INTRANSITIVE PG. 8 SUBJECT VERB AGREEMENT PG. 9

2. ACTION VERBS

3. Practice ACTION VERBS! Locate the action verb/s in each sentence and write it down on your whiteboard. 1.My mom drove and dropped us off at the movies. 2.Ms. Wines laughed so hard that she fell out of her chair. 3.Mrs. Grimes attends many sporting events because of her sons extracurricular activities. 4.Every teacher at ACPO read the same directions over and over for the AZ Merit Test. 5.I do my homework as soon as I get home from school everyday. (NOT!)

4. LINKING VERBS TIP: Any word that can be substituted with is or was is a linking verb. A LINKING VERB LINKS, OR CONNECTS, THE SUBJECT TO THE PREDICATE. IT DOES NOT SHOW ACTION. LINKING VERB EXAMPLES: We are hungry. He was late to school. The winner is Johnny.

5. LINKING VERBS Locate the linking verb/s in each sentence and write it down on your whiteboard. 1. The striped cat is maniacal when it comes to meowing at two o’clock in the morning. 2. Adel seems like a really nice person since she made it to the big time. 3. I was really thin when I was younger; however, my definition of thin was very different from what people think nowadays. 4. The players will be late to the party, but if they leave immediately, they will only miss out on some of the snacks offered prior to the dinner. 5. We were all young once, but it seems like a lifetime ago.

6. HELPING VERBS: is, am, be, are, was, were, been, have, has, had, do, does, did, can, could, may, might, will, would, shall, should, must, ought to

7. VERB PHRASES : A MAIN VERB WITH A HELPING VERB IS CALLED A VERB PHRASE. Since a verb phrase might use up to four words (4), a short adverb —such as also, never, or not —might try to sneak in between the parts. When you find an adverb snuggled in a verb phrase, it is still an adverb, not part of the verb. adverb Read these examples: For her birthday, Selena would also like a radar detector. Would like = verb; also = adverb. To avoid another speeding ticket, Selena will never again take her eyes off the road to fiddle with the radio. Will take = verb; never, again = adverbs. Despite the stern warning from Officer Carson, Selena has not lightened her foot on the accelerator. Has lightened = verb; not = adverb.

8. HELPING VERBS Locate the helping verb/s in each sentence and write it down on your whiteboard. Include the verb that “it helps” 1. Ann had cooked dinner with her grandmother many times in the past. 2. Jeremy has had a cold for more than a decade; maybe he should seek help for his malady. 3. You should wait a little longer before swimming after eating a large meal. 4. Before I go to sleep, I could study my flashcards each night in bed to improve my memory of the vocab words. 5. Sally could not run as fast as Shyla, but she scored a goal at the basketball game.

9. Transitive Verbs A transitive verb is an action verb. It requires a DIRECT OBJECT to complete its meaning. In other words, the action of the verb is transferred to the object directly.  EXPLANATION:  To determine whether a verb is transitive, ask whether the action is done to someone or something. Does someone or something receive the action of the verb. If it does, then the verb is transitive and the person or thing that receives the action is the direct object. Example: The judge sentences the man to five years in prison. (The subject (the judge) applies an action (sentences) to a direct object (the man).

10. INTRANSITIVE VERBS How is an intransitive verb different from a transitive verb? Aren’t they both action verbs????  An intransitive verb is an action verb, but it DOES NOT have a direct object. The action ends rather than being transferred to some person or object or is modified by an adverb or adverb phrase. (Typically, an adverb or prepositional phrase modifies an intransitive verb or the verb ends the sentence.  Ask whether or not the action is done is some way, in some direction, or to some degree. (Notice, this sounds like the function of an adverb!)  EXAMPLES: The man decided against a plea bargain. (The man is the subject) What did he do? (decided) in what particular way? (against) Notice that (against a plea bargain) is a prepositional phrase.  He refused because of his immaturity, not his lack of morals.

11. Remember: The adverb or prepositional phrase answers a question about the verb: The subject did something WHERE? If Charlie had run into the street, he would have been injured. In 1973, the incarceration number inched upward. The subject did something WHEN? Thousands of cranes will return in the spring. The number climbed in 1974 and in 1975. Try this one: Walter Payton died near the end of the century. The company’s leader collapsed during the meeting.

12. REMEMBER CONTINUED The subject did something HOW or TO WHAT DEGREE? The statistics come in any form you like. Politicians and the public are complaining loudly. Try these: His blood pressure kept climbing steadily. She worked with care and precision. The subject did something WHY? Our elected officials listen because we vote. Dana’s grades improved with the help of a tutor. Try these: Germany’s expedition leader collapsed from the effort. Elise competed for her family.

13. Transitive/Intransitive VERBS Indicate on your whiteboard what the verb is and whether it is intransitive ( I ) or transitive ( T ). 1. The sun rises in the east over the mountains. 2. While at the gym, regular exercise made their muscles strong. 3. Joanie and I went to the store yesterday. 4. In 1847, Abe Lincoln gave his first speech as a member of the House of Representatives. 5. Deb and Simon have been jogging all morning long. 6. Actor Tom Selleck turned down the role of Indiana Jones for the film Raiders of the Lost Ark.

14. SUBJECT VERB AGREEMENT In the present tense, singular verbs end in the suffix s ; plural verbs do not. Two [or more] singular nouns joined by and make a plural subject.  The chicken wing and pork rib sit untouched on Ruth’s plate.  Because there is no s at the end of sit, you know it is a plural verb. When each or every precedes two [or more] singular nouns joined by and, you have a singular subject.  Every chicken wing and pork rib sit s untouched on Ruth’s plate.  Because there is an s at the end of sit, you know it is a singular verb.

15. Remember to identify the word the VERB is modifying to determine SINGULAR or PLURAL In this situation, no matter how many singular nouns you join with and, the subject is still singular.  Every chicken wing, pork rib, slice of pepperoni pizza, hotdog, hamburger, steak, and fried shrimp sits untouched on Ruth’s plate. Use caution with these three conjunctions: either … or, neither … nor, and not only … but also.  Not only the boss but also her employees wish the shift would end. (Not only the employees but also her boss wishes the shift would end)  If you flip the two subjects, so that employees is next to the verb, then wish will work!

16. These indefinite pronouns are always singular [even when they seem plural].  Each, either, neither  Anyone, anybody, anything  Everyone, everybody, everything  No one, nobody, nothing  Someone, somebody, something  Everyone on Earth = more than one person— billions of people, in fact.  The word everyone, however, is still singular.

17. Beware interrupting phrases and inverted word order. INTERRUPTING PHRASES  As well as  Along with  Together with  Including  In addition to  Especially The squirrel as well as the pigeons keeps an eye on Sammy, the sneaky cat. INVERTED WORD ORDER Here and there are never the subjects. Here are the onions you need for the chili. In the refrigerator are the jalapeño peppers you might want to add. Cross through prepositional phrases to find the real subject!

18. SHOW ME WHAT YOU KNOW! 1. At the pet store, each iguana, mouse, and gerbil (try, tries) to climb the walls of its glass cage while humans (hovers, hover) outside like giant predators who are ready to strike. 2. Tyrone, as well as his cousins, (hope, hopes) that Grandma (bring, brings) her famous brownies and peach pie that (drips, drip) with generous scoops of vanilla ice cream. 3. Meryl, together with her friends Beatrice and Laverne, (plan, plans) a daily trip for ice cream, for these women have discovered that the calories are worth seeing Theo (scoops, scoop) their servings with his muscular arms. 4. The noise of the fan’s screams (are, is) a problem at some sporting events. 5. Scissors (is, are) a dangerous tool to give to small children for obvious reasons. 6. Everyone who (go, goes) to a buffet always (eat, eats) more food than they intended.