1. + E nglish L anguage T eaching U nit

2. + Organisation Choosing the correct organisation style Answering the question Clarity

3. + Choosing the correct organisation style The organisation is dictated by the type of essay you are writing. Examples Research reports (dissertations) Lab reports Business reports SPSE

4. + Research reports Introduction Literature review Methodology Findings/Results Discussion Conclusion (not all research reports/departments are the same)

5. + Lab reports Introduction (Abstract) Methods (and materials) Results Discussion and analysis Conclusion (not all lab reports/departments are the same)

6. + Business reports Executive summary Introduction Findings Recommendations Conclusion

7. + SPSE Situation Problem Solution Evaluation

8. + Choosing the correct organisation style The organisation is also dictated by the argument you are making Example ‘Discuss differences between your home country and the UK. Highlight three main areas of difference.’ How would you organise this?

9. + Possible organisation 1 My Country food culture Education The UK Food Culture Education 2 Food UK / my country Culture UK / my country Education UK / my country

10. + ‘ Discuss differences between your home country and the UK. Highlight three main areas of difference.’

11. + Answering the question Discuss three different models of the competitive environment. What implications might these models have for consumers?

12. + Answering the question Discuss three different models of the competitive environment. What implications might these models have for consumers?

13. + Organisation Model 1Model 2Model 3

14. + Answering the question Discuss three different models of the competitive environment. What implications might these models have for consumers?

15. + Model 1: implicationsModel 2 : implicationsModel 3 : implications

16. + Alternatively Implication 1: model 1, 2 & 3Implication 2: model 1, 2 & 3Implication 3: model 1, 2 & 3

17. + Putting it together Model 1Model 2Model 3Model 1 : implicationsModel 2 : implicationsModel 3 : implications

18. + Clarity Writing the introduction remember the question Clear signposts

19. + Example –answer the question Discuss three different models of the competitive environment. What implications might these models have for consumers? This essay will discuss three different models of the competitive environment, namely model 1, model 2 and model 3. The implications these models may have for consumers will then be examined.

20. + Map the territory –signposts This essay will discuss three different models of the competitive environment, namely model 1, model 2 and model 3. The implications these models may have for consumers will then be examined.

21. + Introduction:Discuss: Model 1Discuss: Model 2Discuss: Model 3Implications: Model 1Implications: Model 2Implications: Model 3

22. + Real academic paper In the paragraphs that follow, a review of self- related biases in social comparison will be presented and the relationships between different biases will be outlined. After a review of cognitive and motivational explanations, a general view on self-related biases as the product of self- enhancement and self-validation will be developed. Finally, some of the conceptual, theoretical and heuristical implications of this integration will be briefly outlined Hoorens, V. (2011) self-enhancement and superiority bias in social comparison European review of social psychology 4:1, 113-139

23. + Introduction General > Specific Important? Interesting? Relevant? Background information Identify a gap in current research? Definition of key vocabulary/jargon Thesis Outline *What you include depends on the restrictions of your task

24. + Look more closely…. What about the organisation of the paragraphs? How do we link these sections?

25. + Clarity This essay will discuss three different models of the competitive environment, namely model 1, model 2 and model 3. The implications these models may have for consumers will then be examined. The essay has briefly discussed three different models of the competitive environment, in the next section the implications these models may have for consumers will be looked at in more detail.

26. + Clear paragraphs Paragraphs are usually about half a page in length. Each paragraph usually contains one particular point. If the point you are making is too long for one paragraph, it’s ok to divide it into two or more smaller paragraphs.

27. + Clear paragraphs Topic sentences: make readers aware of what each paragraph is about. There are three major implications for consumers regarding model 1. firstly…

28. + Implication 1: model 1Implication 2: model 1Implication 3: model 1

29. + Other types of paragraphs Compare/ contrast (On the other hand, However, Similarly) Process - sequencers (first, then, after that, the next step is to...)

30. + Conclusions Summary Final evaluation Suggestions / recommendations No new information *What you include depends on the restrictions of your task

31. + Resources http://www.uefap.com/writing/writfram.htm http://www2.le.ac.uk/offices/ld/resources/writing http://www2.le.ac.uk/offices/eltu/learn/learn- english#virtual-self-access-centre http://www2.le.ac.uk/offices/eltu/learn/learn- english#virtual-self-access-centre

32. + Contact me at: rm190@le.ac.uk